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Questions and Answers
What is the maximum number of terms a member of the House of Representatives can serve consecutively?
What is the maximum number of terms a member of the House of Representatives can serve consecutively?
Which of the following is NOT a qualification for senators in the Philippines?
Which of the following is NOT a qualification for senators in the Philippines?
What power allows Congress to declare the existence of war?
What power allows Congress to declare the existence of war?
What is the term of office for the President of the Philippines?
What is the term of office for the President of the Philippines?
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Which position leads the Upper House of Congress in the Philippines?
Which position leads the Upper House of Congress in the Philippines?
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What is the age requirement to serve as a member of the House of Representatives?
What is the age requirement to serve as a member of the House of Representatives?
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What power does the President of the Philippines NOT have?
What power does the President of the Philippines NOT have?
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How many senators are elected at large in the Philippines?
How many senators are elected at large in the Philippines?
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Who was the first President of the Philippines?
Who was the first President of the Philippines?
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What law established the Commonwealth Government in the Philippines?
What law established the Commonwealth Government in the Philippines?
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Which President is known for making Tagalog the national language of the Philippines?
Which President is known for making Tagalog the national language of the Philippines?
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What significant action did Sergio Osmeña take during his presidency?
What significant action did Sergio Osmeña take during his presidency?
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Which President ascended to the presidency due to the death of Manuel Roxas?
Which President ascended to the presidency due to the death of Manuel Roxas?
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What was Carlos P. Garcia's notable economic policy during his presidency?
What was Carlos P. Garcia's notable economic policy during his presidency?
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What was one of Diosdado Macapagal's significant changes as president?
What was one of Diosdado Macapagal's significant changes as president?
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Which President was in office during the Japanese Occupation in World War II?
Which President was in office during the Japanese Occupation in World War II?
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Which type of political party primarily relies on the party-list system to secure Congressional seats?
Which type of political party primarily relies on the party-list system to secure Congressional seats?
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What defines a social movement in the context of political actions?
What defines a social movement in the context of political actions?
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Which citizenship acquisition is determined by place of birth?
Which citizenship acquisition is determined by place of birth?
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What group comprises organizations that operate independently of government influence?
What group comprises organizations that operate independently of government influence?
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Who are considered natural-born citizens under Philippine law?
Who are considered natural-born citizens under Philippine law?
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Which of the following describes a key characteristic of social movements?
Which of the following describes a key characteristic of social movements?
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Citizenship by blood relations is described by which term?
Citizenship by blood relations is described by which term?
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What type of political organization corresponds with a specific region or province?
What type of political organization corresponds with a specific region or province?
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What is the minimum annual income requirement for a municipality as specified in the Local Government Code of 1991?
What is the minimum annual income requirement for a municipality as specified in the Local Government Code of 1991?
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Which position is primarily responsible for coordinating the delivery of basic services in a city?
Which position is primarily responsible for coordinating the delivery of basic services in a city?
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What is the minimum population requirement for a barangay in the Philippines?
What is the minimum population requirement for a barangay in the Philippines?
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In terms of urbanization, what differentiates a highly urbanized city from other cities in the Philippines?
In terms of urbanization, what differentiates a highly urbanized city from other cities in the Philippines?
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What is the largest unit in the political structure of the Philippines?
What is the largest unit in the political structure of the Philippines?
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Under Article V of the 1987 Philippine Constitution, what is described as a privilege for citizens?
Under Article V of the 1987 Philippine Constitution, what is described as a privilege for citizens?
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What is a requirement for an independent component city in terms of its relationship with provincial officials?
What is a requirement for an independent component city in terms of its relationship with provincial officials?
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What governmental structure is established to ensure local governance in smaller political subdivisions?
What governmental structure is established to ensure local governance in smaller political subdivisions?
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What is the primary duty of the state in relation to citizenship?
What is the primary duty of the state in relation to citizenship?
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Which of the following is NOT classified as a civic virtue according to Galston?
Which of the following is NOT classified as a civic virtue according to Galston?
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Which quality is essential for a flourishing democracy concerning citizens' political virtues?
Which quality is essential for a flourishing democracy concerning citizens' political virtues?
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What is a way to demonstrate good citizenship as per Fabrega's blog journal?
What is a way to demonstrate good citizenship as per Fabrega's blog journal?
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Which of the following qualities contributes to active citizenship?
Which of the following qualities contributes to active citizenship?
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Which quality fosters a productive citizen according to the provided information?
Which quality fosters a productive citizen according to the provided information?
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What is implied by being 'well-rounded' as a quality of good citizenship?
What is implied by being 'well-rounded' as a quality of good citizenship?
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According to the qualities of good citizenship, which virtue supports adaptability to change?
According to the qualities of good citizenship, which virtue supports adaptability to change?
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Study Notes
Philippine History & Government
- The First Philippine Republic was established in 1899 with Gen. Aguinaldo as President.
- The Jones Law of 1906 gave legislative power to an all-Filipino body, consisting of the Senate and House of Representatives.
- The Commonwealth Government was established in 1934 by the Tydings-McDuffie Law.
- The Commonwealth Government transitioned the country towards independence over a ten-year period.
Presidents of the Philippines
- Emilio Aguinaldo was the first president and led the fight against Spain and the United States.
- Manuel L. Quezon was the first elected president of the Commonwealth of the Philippines and established Tagalog/Filipino as the national language.
- Jose P. Laurel was president during the Japanese Occupation during World War II.
- Sergio Osmeña rehabilitated the Philippine National Bank and joined the International Monetary Fund.
- Manuel Roxas was the first president of the Third Republic, focusing on rebuilding the country after the war.
- Elpidio Quirino succeeded Roxas and prioritized economic reconstruction and restoring trust in the government.
- Ramon Magsaysay was immensely popular with ordinary people but died in a plane crash before completing his term.
- Carlos P. Garcia is known for his "Filipino First Policy" and reviving economic nationalism.
- Diosdado Macapagal focused on socio-economic programs, abolishing tenancy, and establishing the Land Bank. He changed Independence Day to June 12th from July 4th.
Congress
- The legislative power is vested in the Congress.
- Congress is comprised of the Senate (Upper House) and the House of Representatives (Lower House)
- The Senate has 24 senators elected at large.
- Senators must be natural-born Filipino citizens, 35 years old, able to read and write, registered voters, and residents of the Philippines for at least two years.
- Senators serve six-year terms with a maximum of two consecutive terms.
- The House of Representatives has a maximum of 250 members, elected from congressional districts and through a party-list system.
- Representatives must be natural-born Filipino citizens, 25 years old, able to read and write, registered voters in their district, and residents of the district for at least one year.
- Representatives serve three-year terms with a maximum of three consecutive terms.
- The Senate President leads the Senate and the Speaker of the House leads the House of Representatives.
Executive Power
- The Executive Department executes and administers laws.
- The laws include the Constitution, statues enacted by Congress, Presidential Decrees, Executive Orders, and court decisions.
- The President must be a natural-born Filipino citizen, a registered voter, able to read and write, at least 40 years old, and a resident of the Philippines for at least 10 years.
- The President serves a six-year term, beginning at noon on June 30th following the election.
- The President is absolutely disqualified from re-election but can be elected to lower positions.
- The Vice President cannot serve for more than two consecutive terms but is still eligible for election as president.
Local Government
- Political subdivisions of a nation or state are governed by local government
- There are various levels of local government: Barangay, Municipality, City, and Province.
- The Local Government Code of 1991 (RA 7160) governs local governments.
- A Barangay serves as a venue for resolving disputes and considering collective views of its residents.
- To be a municipality, an area must have an annual income of at least 2.5M (in 1991), 25k inhabitants, and a contiguous territory of at least 50 square kilometers.
- Cities are more urbanized and have at least 20M in annual income (in 1991), a contiguous territory of at least 100 square kilometers, and at least 150k inhabitants.
- Cities are classified as component or highly urbanized.
- Provinces are the largest units in the political structure of the Philippines.
- To qualify as a province, an area must have an annual income of at least 20M( in 1991), at least 2k square kilometers, and at least 250 inhabitants.
Elections and Political Parties
- Article V of the 1987 Philippine Constitution covers suffrage.
- All qualified Filipino citizens have the right to vote in national and local elections.
- Political Parties can be major, minor, regional, or provincial.
- Major parties are traditionally established.
- Minor parties often rely on the party-list system to gain seats in Congress.
- Regional parties are organization-wide within a specific region or province.
Civil Society and Social Movements
- Civil society comprises groups working in the interest of citizens but operating outside of government and corporations.
- Civil society can influence government and the economy.
- Social movements work for or against change in specific political or social issues.
- Social movements bring together informal groups seeking common objectives through challenges to the existing political order.
Active Citizenship
- Article IV of the 1987 Philippine Constitution defines citizenship and its categories.
- Natural-born citizens are citizens from birth without performing any act to acquire citizenship.
- Jus Soli (right of soil) is determined by the place of birth.
- Jus Sanguinis (right of blood) is determined by blood relations.
- There are four categories of civic virtues: courage, law-abidingness, loyalty (general virtues); independence; open-mindedness (social virtues); work ethic, capacity to delay gratification, adaptability to economic and technological change (economic virtues); capacity to understand and respect rights, willingness to pay for services, ability to evaluate performance and engage in discourse (political virtues).
- A good citizen is patriotic, models good qualities, is productive, informed, vigilant, socially and politically active, a mentor, well-rounded, and organized.
- Active citizenship refers to citizens taking an active role in their communities.
- It is important for citizens to uphold the law, perform their duties and responsibilities, and support government programs to achieve common goals.
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Description
Test your knowledge on key events and leaders in Philippine history, including the establishment of the First Philippine Republic and the Commonwealth Government. Dive into the legacies of the Philippines' presidents from Aguinaldo to Roxas. This quiz will challenge your understanding of the nation's journey towards independence.
