Philippine Heroes: Rizal, Del Pilar, Jaena

• Heroes define and contribute to a nation's system, freedom, and order.
• Heroes possess a concept of nation and strive for its freedom.
• Bonifacio began the Philippine struggle for freedom, and Aguinaldo concluded it, formally declaring the revolution's success.
• Heroes contribute to the quality of a nation's life and destiny.

Dr. Jose P. Rizal

• Wrote the famous novels "Noli Me Tangere" (The Social Cancer) and "El Filibusterismo" (The Reign of Greed).
• Rizal is the National Hero of the Philippines.
• He was a founder of "La Liga Filipina".
• "Noli Me Tangere" (The Social Cancer) provides a passionate exposure of the evils of Spanish rule in the Philippines.

Marcelo H. Del Pilar

• Was a great propagandist and journalist.
• He was a lawyer and a journalist.
• Founded the "Diariong Tagalog".
• Was an editor of "La Solidaridad".

Graciano Lopez Jaena

• Was known as the "Great Orator of the Propaganda Movement”.
• Founded "La Solidaridad" and served as its first editor.
• "La Solidaridad" was a Propaganda Movement newspaper.
• The newspaper contained articles about the cruelty of the Spaniards.

Propaganda Movement

• Consisted of a political paper with a liberal, reformist stance dedicated to fighting reaction in all forms.
• Propagandists wrote accurate reflections of reality, creating empathy wherever their work was heard.

Andres Bonifacio

• Was known as "The Supremo".
• He founded the secret society "Katipunan" or the "KKK" (Kataas-taasang, Kagalang-galangang Katipunan ng mga Anak ng Bayan).
• He is called the Father of Katipunan.
• Was also known as the "Great Plebeian".

Gregoria de Jesus

• Was known as the "Lakambini ng Katipunan".
• She was assigned to keep the documents of the Katipunan.

Emilio Aguinaldo

• Was the "First Philippine President".
• He proclaimed Philippine Independence from Spain in Kawit, Cavite on June 12, 1898.

Melchora Aquino

• Was known as "Tandang Sora", "The Mother of the Philippine Revolution", and "The Mother of Katipunan".
• She supported Katipuneros by curing the injured and providing food.

Emilio Jacinto

• Was the youngest member (19 years old) of the Katipunan.
• Served as an adviser to Andres Bonifacio.
• He was called the "Brains of Katipunan".
• Jacinto created "Kalayaan", the newspaper of Katipunan.
• He wrote the famous "Kartilya ng Katipunan", serving as the Katipunan's bible.

Apolinario Mabini

• Was known as "Sublime Paralytic".
• He was also known as the "Brains of Revolution".
• He was the advisor or right-hand of Emilio Aguinaldo.
• He was the Prime Minister of Aguinaldo.

Gen. Antonio Luna

• He founded "La Independencia".
• Was a war minister of the Republic.
• He was killed by Aguinaldo's soldiers due to internal conflict.
• He was a brave soldier during the Filipino-American Revolution.

Juan Luna

• Was known as the "Greatest Filipino Painter".
• He painted the masterpiece "Spoliarium".

Gen. Gregorio del Pilar

• Was known as the "Hero of the Battle of Tirad Pass" in Ilocos Sur.
• He was a young (17 years old) general.
• He fought at Tirad Pass to give Aguinaldo a chance to escape.

Marcela Agoncillo, Lorenza Agoncillo and Defina Herbosa

• These women sewed the national flag.
• The flag was unfurled and waved in Kawit, Cavite.
• Marcela Agoncillo is known as the "Mother of the Philippine Flag".

Datu Lapu-Lapu

• Is known as the "First Filipino Hero”.
• His men achieved the first victory against the Spanish conquerors in 1521.
• Lapu Lapu and his men killed Magellan in Mactan.

Sultan Kudarat

• The seventh Sultan of Maguindanao.
• He successfully prevented the spread of Christianity on the island of Mindanao.
• Sultan refers to the king of a Muslim country.

Pantaleon Villegas

• He is known as "Leon Kilat".
• Has the ability to escape quickly against the enemy
• He was a revolutionary leader in Cebu during the Spanish revolt in 1897.

Arcadio Maxilom

• Was a teacher and hero during the Philippine revolution.
• He wrote a letter that demanded the surrender of the Spanish authorities in Cebu in 1898.
• He became the military commander of the KKK of Cebu.

Juan Climaco

• He was appointed as "Chief of Staff".
• He refused to surrender to the Americans.

Statesman

• An important and experienced politician who is widely known and respected.

Sotero B. Cabahug

• Known as the "Greatest Son of Mandaue".
• He was one of the best secretary defenses in the country.
• He made peaceful dialogues with Muslim rebel Hadji Kamlon and Luis Taruc, the feared leaders of rebels.

Manuel L. Quezon

• Known as the "Father of National Language".
• He recognized Filipino as the national language.
• This recognition greatly contributed to the unity of diverse linguistic groups in the country.

Sergio Osmena Sr.

• A Filipino lawyer and politician.
• He served as the fourth President of the Philippines from 1944 to 1946.
• A founder of the Nacionalista Party.
• The first Visayan to become president.