10 Questions
Who tried to persuade Rizal to retract his Masonic beliefs?
Fr.Balaguer
What did Rizal give to Trinidad as a gift?
An alcohol stove
Where was Rizal's body secretly buried?
Paco Cemetery
Who cleaned the remains of Rizal in Higino Mercado's house in Binondo?
Doña Teodora
Which group shouted 'Viva España' during the events described?
The Spanish spectators
What was the primary reason for the intense surveillance of Rizal's activities by the Spanish authorities?
Rizal's growing popularity among the Filipinos
What was the role of Doroteo Ongjunco's house in Tondo, Manila?
It was the safehouse for the group La Liga Filipina
Why was Rizal not able to leave Manila Bay immediately for Spain on August 6, 1896?
Because the vessel Isla de Luzon had already left
What was the relationship between Pablo Mercado and Rizal?
Pablo Mercado was a spy of the friars who posed as Rizal's relative
What was Rizal's response to Pio Valenzuela's request for advice on how to launch a revolution?
Rizal objected to the projected revolution and advised against it
Study Notes
José Rizal's Exile
- José Rizal's return to Manila on June 26, 1892, sparked widespread attention and fear among the Spanish authorities, who began to closely monitor his activities.
- Rizal's popularity led to thorough searches of locations he visited, and individuals seen with him were subjected to suspicion.
- On July 3, 1892, Rizal and his friends formed La Liga Filipina, a group that used Doroteo Ongjunco's house in Tondo, Manila, as a safehouse.
Confrontation with the Spanish Authorities
- Rizal and Josephine attempted to get married in Catholic rites, but Fr. Obach required Rizal to retract his beliefs.
- Rizal's relatives and friends viewed Josephine with suspicion and condescension.
- Pablo Mercado, a spy for the friars, posed as Rizal's relative (Florencio Namaan) and tried to gather information about Rizal's activities.
The Katipunan and the Philippine Revolution
- Pio Valenzuela, an emissary of Andres Bonifacio, asked Rizal for advice on launching a revolution and offered to have the Katipunan assist him in escaping from Dapitan.
- Rizal objected to the revolution, citing the need for sufficient arms and weapons.
- On August 6, 1896, Rizal was arrested and transferred to the Spanish cruiser Castilla, where he stayed for a month.
- The Katipunan plot to overthrow the Spanish rule was discovered by Fr. Mariano Gil on August 19, 1896, leading to the Philippine Revolution.
Rizal's Imprisonment and Execution
- Rizal was transferred to a prison chapel, where he was visited by Fr. Miguel Saderra Mata, director of the Ateneo Municipal, and Fr. Luis Viza.
- Fr. Viza brought the image of the Sacred Heart of Jesus, and Rizal gave an alcohol stove to Trinidad with a hidden message.
- Rizal refused to retract his Masonic beliefs despite persuasion from Fr. Balaguer and later, Fr. Vilaclara.
- Rizal was executed, and his body was secretly buried at Paco Cemetery, later to be traced by his sister.
- His remains were later laid to rest inside the Rizal Monument in Luneta.
Test your knowledge on the events leading up to José Rizal's exile and the creation of La Liga Filipina in 1892. Explore the circumstances that caused his declaration as an enemy of the state and the surveillance by Spanish authorities.
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