Philippine Cooperative Movement History

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Questions and Answers

What was the principal aim of the bill sponsored by Albert Barreto in the lower House of Congress?

To protect and develop the agricultural interest of the country.

What title did Gov. Sandiko earn after the Rural Credit Law was enacted?

Father of Cooperation.

When was the Agricultural Credit Cooperative Association of Cabanatuan formed?

October 18, 1916.

What percentage of rural cooperatives were inactive by 1935?

About 90%. Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of the Cooperative Marketing Law enacted in 1927?

To provide incentives for farmers to produce more and improve the marketing of their products. Signup and view all the answers

How many rural credit associations were organized by the end of 1926?

544 rural credit cooperatives. Signup and view all the answers

What happened to the number of cooperative marketing associations by 1939?

Only 164 societies were actually organized. Signup and view all the answers

What significant event occurred in 1940 regarding cooperatives in the Philippines?

Commonwealth Act No. 565 was passed, legalizing Credit and Consumers Cooperatives. Signup and view all the answers

Who succeeded Rep. Albert Barreto in sponsoring the rural credit bill in the Second Philippine Legislature?

Rep. Rafael Corpuz. Signup and view all the answers

What was the fate of the rural financing experiment through cooperatives by the early 1930s?

It was deemed a failure. Signup and view all the answers

How did Dr. Jose P. Rizal's travels in Europe influence his views on cooperatives?

Rizal was impressed by the success of the cooperative movement in Europe, which transformed economic and social life there. Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary goal of Rizal's planned colony in Sandakan, Borneo?

The goal was to establish a colony based on a cooperative production and marketing plan inspired by Robert Owen's principles. Signup and view all the answers

What actions did Rizal take in Dapitan to promote cooperative practices?

In Dapitan, Rizal established a school for the poor and set up a cooperative store with the help of his pupils. Signup and view all the answers

What was 'La Sociedad de los Abacaleros' and how long did it function?

La Sociedad de los Abacaleros was an organization of abaca producers established by Rizal, and it functioned for only one year. Signup and view all the answers

Who was Teodoro Sandiko and what was his relation to the cooperative movement?

Teodoro Sandiko was influenced by the Raiffeisen movement during his time in Europe and sought to introduce similar cooperatives in the Philippines. Signup and view all the answers

What type of cooperative did Sandiko aim to introduce in the Philippines?

Sandiko aimed to introduce a credit union modeled after the Raiffeisen type of cooperative. Signup and view all the answers

What role did the American Civil Government play in fostering Filipino participation and cooperatives?

The establishment of Civil Government encouraged Filipino participation in governance and facilitated the introduction of cooperatives. Signup and view all the answers

What challenges did Rizal face in pursuing his cooperative goals?

Rizal faced arrest for treason and was banished to Dapitan, which hindered his plans to establish a cooperative colony. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Historical Context of Philippine Cooperatives

Dr. Jose P. Rizal was influenced by European economic movements during his travels, especially concerning cooperation.
In 1892, Rizal sought to establish a cooperative colony in Sandakan, Borneo, inspired by Robert Owen's plans, but was arrested and exiled to Dapitan.

Rizal's Contributions

In Dapitan, Rizal established a cooperative school and store for the local poor community.
He organized the La Sociedad de los Abacaleros, a group for abaca producers, which lasted one year but returned shares without losses to members.

Teodoro Sandiko and the Raiffeisen Movement

Teodoro Sandiko, inspired by the Raiffeisen cooperative model in Germany, aimed to introduce similar systems in the Philippines.
As Bulacan's governor during the American Civil Government, Sandiko drafted a bill for a Raiffeisen-type credit union to aid agricultural interests.

Legislative Milestones

Sandiko’s bill, sponsored by Rep. Albert Barreto, aimed at supporting farmers, passed unanimously on January 20, 1908, but was initially rejected by the Philippine Commission.
The bill was reintroduced and successfully passed on February 11, 1914, becoming Act 2508, establishing a formal rural credit system in the Philippines.

Establishment of Rural Credit Associations

The Bureau of Agriculture managed the Rural Credit Law, leading to the first rural credit association, the Agricultural Credit Cooperative Association, formed on October 18, 1916.
By 1926, 544 rural credit cooperatives existed across 42 provinces, though by 1930, many were inactive, reflecting a failure in rural financing.

Emergence of Consumer Cooperatives

The first Consumers Cooperative was launched at the College of Agriculture, Los Baños in 1916.
The Cooperative Marketing Law (Act 2425) was enacted on December 9, 1927, to enhance the marketing capabilities of farmers.

Decline of Cooperative Associations

Despite initial enthusiasm for cooperative marketing, only 164 societies were organized by 1939, representing 5,000 farmers, with only 20% active.
Commonwealth Act No. 565 passed in 1940, giving legal status to Credit and Consumers Cooperatives.

Legacy of Cooperation in the Philippines

Sandiko is recognized as the “Father of Cooperation” in the Philippines due to his significant role in establishing cooperative legislation and systems.

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Description

Explore the significant contributions of Dr. Jose P. Rizal to the Philippine cooperative movement, particularly during his travels in the late 19th century. Discover how his experiences and observations in Europe inspired changes in the economic and social landscape of the Philippines. This quiz delves into the historical context and impact of cooperatives in the country.