Philippine Constitution Overview
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Questions and Answers

What is required for each House to elect its President or Speaker?

  • A plurality of votes
  • Two-thirds majority
  • Unanimous consent
  • A majority vote of all its Members (correct)

    • A smaller number than a majority can adjourn from day to day and compel attendance of absent Members.

    True

    Which of the following is NOT a qualification for someone to be elected President?

  • Natural-born citizen of the Philippines
  • At least forty years of age
  • Must be a resident for twenty years (correct)
  • Able to read and write

    • What is the maximum penalty of suspension imposed on a Member of Congress?

    <p>Sixty days</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Each House shall keep a Journal of its proceedings, excepting such parts as may affect _____ security.

    <p>national</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A Vice-President can serve more than two successive terms.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following components to their respective descriptions:

    <p>Electoral Tribunal = Composed of Justices and Members for election contests Commission on Appointments = Consists of Senators and Members for appointments President of the Senate = Acts as ex officio Chairman of appointments Senior Justice = Chairman of the Electoral Tribunal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term duration for the President and Vice-President?

    <p>six years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many Members comprise each Electoral Tribunal?

    <p>Nine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The regular election for President and Vice-President shall be held on the second Monday of __________.

    <p>May</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following roles with their qualifications:

    <p>President = Natural-born citizen, at least 40 years old, resident for 10 years Vice-President = Same qualifications as the President Election = Held on the second Monday of May Term = 6 years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Each House may adjourn for more than three days without the consent of the other House.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is designated as the Chairman of the Electoral Tribunal?

    <p>The senior Justice</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens if two or more candidates receive the highest number of votes?

    <p>The Congress will choose a winner</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is required before a compensation increase for members of the Senate and House of Representatives takes effect?

    <p>Full term expiration of all members approving it</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The President can serve an unlimited number of consecutive terms.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is required for the Vice-President's appointment as a Member of the Cabinet?

    <p>No confirmation required</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Members of Congress can be arrested for offenses punishable by more than six years imprisonment while Congress is in session.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must all Members of the Senate and House of Representatives disclose upon assuming office?

    <p>Their financial and business interests</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who can vote in the Commission?

    <p>The Chairman in case of a tie</p> Signup and view all the answers

    No Senator or Member of the House of Representatives may hold any other office or employment in the Government during his term without __________ his seat.

    <p>forfeiting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Commission on Appointments may meet any time of the year, regardless of Congress sessions.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the time frame for the Commission to act on appointments after submission?

    <p>Thirty session days</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT allowed for Members of Congress during their term?

    <p>Participating in congressional debates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the activities with their corresponding restrictions for Members of Congress:

    <p>Holding another government job = Forfeiting their seat Appearing as counsel in court = Not allowed Increasing emoluments during term = Not allowed Disclosing financial interests = Required</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Congress has the power to declare a state of ______ by a vote of two-thirds of both Houses.

    <p>war</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following sections with their corresponding functions:

    <p>Section 19 = Formation of Electoral Tribunals and Commission on Appointments Section 20 = Auditing of Congress records Section 21 = Conduct of inquiries in aid of legislation Section 22 = Department heads appearing before Congress</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The regular session of Congress convenes on the third Monday of July every year.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must happen for department heads to appear before Congress?

    <p>They need the consent of the President.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can the President do regarding Congress sessions?

    <p>Call a special session</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The rights of persons appearing in legislative inquiries are always disregarded.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the Commission on Audit?

    <p>To audit the records and accounts of Congress.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is the sole judge of contests relating to the election of the President or Vice-President?

    <p>The Supreme Court</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The President's salary may be decreased during their tenure.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must the President-elect do before entering into office?

    <p>Take the oath of office</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Vice President-elect shall act as President if the President-elect fails to __________.

    <p>qualify</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following roles with their responsibilities:

    <p>President = Chief executive of the nation Vice President = Assumes office if the President-elect fails to qualify President of the Senate = Acts as President when both President and Vice-President are unavailable Speaker of the House = Acts as President in case of Senate President's inability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens if the President-elect dies before assuming office?

    <p>The Vice President-elect becomes President</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the last part of the oath of office that is omitted in case of affirmation?

    <p>So help me God</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The President and Vice-President can receive additional compensation from other sources during their tenure.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who has the authority to appoint the regular members of the Judicial and Bar Council?

    <p>President</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Chief Justice serves as the ex officio Chairman of the Judicial and Bar Council.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term length for the representative of the Integrated Bar in the Judicial and Bar Council?

    <p>four years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Clerk of the Supreme Court acts as the Secretary __________ of the Judicial and Bar Council.

    <p>ex officio</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following members is NOT part of the Judicial and Bar Council?

    <p>Governor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following positions with their functions in the Judicial and Bar Council:

    <p>Chief Justice = Ex officio Chairman Secretary of Justice = Ex officio Member Professor of Law = Regular Member Clerk of the Supreme Court = Secretary ex officio</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Members of the Supreme Court hold office until they reach the age of __________.

    <p>seventy years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The appointments of the Members of the Supreme Court require confirmation from the Commission on Appointments.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Preamble

    • The Filipino people, seeking divine aid, establish a just society and government.
    • The ideals and aspirations of the people are to promote the common good, conserve and develop the patrimony, and secure freedom, love, equality, and peace.

    Legislative Department

    • Section 1: Legislative power vested in Congress (Senate and House of Representatives).
    • Section 2: Senate composed of 24 Senators elected at large by qualified voters.
    • Section 3: Senator qualifications: natural-born Filipino citizen, 35 years of age or older on election day, able to read and write, registered voter, and resident of the Philippines for at least two years.
    • Section 4: Term of office for Senators is 6 years, commencing on the 30th day of June following their election. No Senator can serve for more than two consecutive terms. Voluntary renunciation of office does not interrupt serving the full term.

    House of Representatives

    • Section 5: House of Representatives composed of no more than 250 members, unless otherwise determined by law. Members are elected from legislative districts (proportional to population) and through a party-list system.
    • Section 6: House of Representatives' Member qualifications: natural-born Filipino citizen, 25 years of age or older, able to read and write, registered voter in the district, resident for at least 1 year prior to the election.
    • Section 7: Term of office for House members is 3 years. No member may serve more than three consecutive terms. Voluntary renunciation does not interrupt service.
    • Section 8: Regular elections for Senators and Representatives held on the second Monday of May unless otherwise provided by law.

    Congressional Sessions & Leadership

    • Section 15: Congress convenes annually on the fourth Monday of July for a regular session.
    • Section 16: Senate elects a President and House elects a Speaker (majority vote). House members may compel attendance of absent members.
    • Section 16-4: Each House has rules to manage order, suspension or expelling.
    • Section 17: Electoral Tribunals are established to determine election contests for Senate and Representative members.

    Special Powers & Legislative Processes

    • Section 20: Congress holds authority to preserve records and books, audited by the Commission on Audit annually.
    • Section 21: Senate or House committees conduct inquiries for legislation.
    • Section 22: Department heads can testify before Houses on legislative matters.

    Budget, Taxation, & Financial Matters

    • Section 25: Congress may not increase the president's appropriations, adhering to budget law standards.
    • Section 25-2: No general appropriation bills unless it relates specifically to a particular appropriation.
    • Section 25-3: Congress' approval procedure for appropriations follows steps applicable to the other departments and agencies.
    • Section 25-4: Special appropriations bills must identify and be supported by available funds.
    • Section 25-5 & 6 Congress can authorize transfer of funds but requires guidelines and appropriate vouchers.
    • Section 26: All bills must embrace a single subject.

    Bill Passage and Veto

    • Section 27: Every bill must be presented to the President. If signed it becomes a law. A veto can be overridden by two-thirds vote from each house.
    • Section 27-2: President can veto specific items within appropriation bills.
    • Section 28: Rules of taxation and power to set tariffs, import & export quotas.
    • Section 28-3: Charitable institutions and related properties are exempt from taxation.

    Other Provisions

    • Section 29: No money paid out of Treasury without appropriation (by law). No public funds for religion or religious personnel. Special funds used for specified purposes.
    • Section 30: No Congressional law may increase the Supreme Court's appellate jurisdiction without Court advice.
    • Section 31: No law granting a title of royalty or nobility shall be enacted.
    • Section 32: Congress must enact legislation for an initiative and referendum system.

    Executive Department

    • Section 1: Executive power vested in the President.
    • Section 2: President qualifications: natural born citizen, registered voter able to read and write, at least 40 years old, resident of the Philippines for at least 10 years prior to election.
    • Section 3: Vice President with same qualifications and term as President, removes from office same way as President. Can be Member of Cabinet.
    • Section 4: President and Vice President terms of office is 6 years. President cannot be re-elected.

    Presidential Inability and Serious Illness

    • Section 11: President can declare inability to discharge powers, duties are discharged by Vice-President.
    • Section 12: Cabinet declares Presidential inability, Vice-President becomes temporary President. Congress determines Presidential inability by a two-thirds vote.
    • Section 13: President, Vice President, Cabinet, and their deputies cannot hold other office, participate in business, or be financially interested in contracts with the government.

    Powers and Duties of the President

    • Section 13: President is Commander-in-Chief of armed forces, can call forces out to prevent unlawful acts. Can suspend habeas corpus during invasion/rebellion.
    • Executive departments are under control of the President, and this office ensures laws are faithfully executed.

    Appointments

    • Section 14 Appointments made by Acting President effective until revoked by elected President within 90 days.
    • Section 15: Appointments limited in two months before election.
    • Section 16: President nominates heads of executive departments, ambassadors, and other prominent officials. Congress approves these appointments. May make appointments while Congress is not in session.
    • Section 17: President controls executive departments.

    Judicial Department

    • Section 1: Judicial power vested in Supreme Court and lower courts.
    • Section 2: Congress determines jurisdiction of courts but cannot diminish Supreme Court's jurisdiction.
    • Section 3: Judiciary enjoys fiscal autonomy. Appropriations cannot decrease below prior year's.
    • Section 4: Supreme Court composed of Chief Justice and 14 Associate Justices. Any vacancies filled within 90 days.
    • Section 5: Supreme Court's original jurisdiction over specific cases and appellate jurisdiction (for cases decided by lower courts). Cases must be decided in consultation.

    Administrative Functions and Supervision

    • Section 6: Administrative supervision of supreme court over all courts and personnel.
    • Section 7 No one can serve as Supreme Court member if they are not a natural born citizen of the Philippines, and have not been a judge for at least 15 years (or engaged in law practice for that amount of time).
    • Section 8: Judicial and Bar Council established to oversee the appointment of judges and other judicial matters.

    Tenure, Salaries, and Prohibitions

    • Section 10: Supreme Court, and lower courts, judges, salaries are determined by law but cannot be decreased once in office.
    • Section 11: Supreme Court members in good standing have life tenure.

    Judicial Decisions and Resolutions

    • Section 13: Court decisions follow specific procedures, documented and reviewed by all judges.

    Timelines and Reporting

    • Section 15: Cases are resolved within specific timeframes (24 months for Supreme Court).

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    Related Documents

    1987 Constitution of the Republic of the Philippines PDF

    Description

    This quiz focuses on the preamble and legislative department of the Philippine Constitution. It covers the ideals of society, the roles of Congress, and the qualifications and terms for Senators. Test your knowledge on these foundational elements of the Philippine government.

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