Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following best describes a constitution's function?
Which of the following best describes a constitution's function?
- A summary of the current political climate.
- A framework establishing the underlying principles of government and the rights of citizens. (correct)
- A collection of suggestions for how the government should operate.
- A detailed list of every law and regulation within a country.
What principle dictates that ignorance of the law is not an excuse?
What principle dictates that ignorance of the law is not an excuse?
- Ignorantia juris non excusat (correct)
- Habeas Corpus
- Stare Decisis
- Res Ipsa Loquitur
Which type of constitution evolves gradually through customs, traditions, and judicial decisions?
Which type of constitution evolves gradually through customs, traditions, and judicial decisions?
- Cumulative (correct)
- Enacted
- Conventional
- Written
Which characteristic is most vital for a well-written constitution to prevent misinterpretations?
Which characteristic is most vital for a well-written constitution to prevent misinterpretations?
Which of the following is NOT typically defined by a constitution regarding its contents?
Which of the following is NOT typically defined by a constitution regarding its contents?
Which action did the 1935 Constitution authorize the Philippine Legislation to undertake?
Which action did the 1935 Constitution authorize the Philippine Legislation to undertake?
What significant electoral reform was addressed through a plebiscite under the 1935 Constitution?
What significant electoral reform was addressed through a plebiscite under the 1935 Constitution?
The Parity Amendment, associated with the 1935 Constitution, granted what right?
The Parity Amendment, associated with the 1935 Constitution, granted what right?
What action did the Citizens Assembly undertake in December 1972, preceding the ratification of the 1973 Constitution?
What action did the Citizens Assembly undertake in December 1972, preceding the ratification of the 1973 Constitution?
Which of the following powers was granted to the President under amendments to the 1973 Constitution?
Which of the following powers was granted to the President under amendments to the 1973 Constitution?
When was the 1987 Constitution ratified?
When was the 1987 Constitution ratified?
How is the 'Rule of the Majority' observed in the Philippine Congress under the 1987 Constitution?
How is the 'Rule of the Majority' observed in the Philippine Congress under the 1987 Constitution?
In the context of the 1987 Constitution, the phrase 'government of law and not of men' implies:
In the context of the 1987 Constitution, the phrase 'government of law and not of men' implies:
Which principle underscores that government authority is derived from the consent of the governed?
Which principle underscores that government authority is derived from the consent of the governed?
According to the provided material, what is the duty of every Filipino regarding the law?
According to the provided material, what is the duty of every Filipino regarding the law?
Which of the following is the most accurate description of the structure of the Philippine government?
Which of the following is the most accurate description of the structure of the Philippine government?
What would be the best course of action to amend the constitution of the Philippines?
What would be the best course of action to amend the constitution of the Philippines?
What is the role of the Supreme Court in the Philippine government?
What is the role of the Supreme Court in the Philippine government?
How does the concept of 'checks and balances' relate to the structure of the Philippine government?
How does the concept of 'checks and balances' relate to the structure of the Philippine government?
What distinguishes a 'conventional' or 'enacted' constitution from a 'cumulative' or 'evolved' constitution?
What distinguishes a 'conventional' or 'enacted' constitution from a 'cumulative' or 'evolved' constitution?
Why is the principle of 'definiteness' important in the context of constitutional law?
Why is the principle of 'definiteness' important in the context of constitutional law?
How did the 1935 Constitution address the issue of women's suffrage?
How did the 1935 Constitution address the issue of women's suffrage?
What was the significance of the Parity Amendment in the context of Philippine-American relations under the 1935 Constitution?
What was the significance of the Parity Amendment in the context of Philippine-American relations under the 1935 Constitution?
What was the primary mechanism used to gather citizen feedback and approval for the 1973 Constitution?
What was the primary mechanism used to gather citizen feedback and approval for the 1973 Constitution?
What specific provision regarding presidential power was included in amendments to the 1973 Constitution?
What specific provision regarding presidential power was included in amendments to the 1973 Constitution?
What principle does the phrase 'A government of law and not of men' emphasize?
What principle does the phrase 'A government of law and not of men' emphasize?
What is the significance of 'popular sovereignty' in relation to the Philippine government?
What is the significance of 'popular sovereignty' in relation to the Philippine government?
What is the structure of the Philippine Congress?
What is the structure of the Philippine Congress?
Which branch of the Philippine government is responsible for creating the laws of the nation?
Which branch of the Philippine government is responsible for creating the laws of the nation?
Which of the following is the role of the President?
Which of the following is the role of the President?
Which of the following is a role of the Judicial Branch?
Which of the following is a role of the Judicial Branch?
What is NOT a characteristic related to a well-written constitution?
What is NOT a characteristic related to a well-written constitution?
What would be the result of 'vagueness' in a well-written constitution?
What would be the result of 'vagueness' in a well-written constitution?
How many articles does the 1987 Constitution have?
How many articles does the 1987 Constitution have?
What is the meaning of 'ignorantia juris non excusat'?
What is the meaning of 'ignorantia juris non excusat'?
Which of the following best describes a constitution?
Which of the following best describes a constitution?
What is the relation between the minority and the majority, according to the 1987 Constitution?
What is the relation between the minority and the majority, according to the 1987 Constitution?
In which specific issues is 2/3 majority rule applied in both Houses?
In which specific issues is 2/3 majority rule applied in both Houses?
What body oversees the executive branch?
What body oversees the executive branch?
Flashcards
What is a Constitution?
What is a Constitution?
A body of rules and principles that define how sovereignty powers are exercised.
Nature of a Constitution
Nature of a Constitution
Serves as the supreme law of the land, binding on all citizens.
Conventional Constitution
Conventional Constitution
A constitution enacted by a constituent assembly or head of state.
Cumulative Constitution
Cumulative Constitution
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Broad Constitution
Broad Constitution
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Content of a Constitution
Content of a Constitution
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1935 Constitution (PH)
1935 Constitution (PH)
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Parity Amendment (1935)
Parity Amendment (1935)
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Women's Suffrage (1937)
Women's Suffrage (1937)
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Referendum (1973)
Referendum (1973)
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1973 Constitution Amendment
1973 Constitution Amendment
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1987 Constitution
1987 Constitution
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Rule of the Majority
Rule of the Majority
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Government of law
Government of law
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Study Notes
- The presentation is about the Constitution of the Philippines
What is a Constitution?
- It's a body of rules and principles that dictates how sovereignty powers are exercised
- A Constitution is the supreme law of the land
- Every citizen is bound by it
- Serves as the basic framework and underlying principles of a government
- Prescribes duties of government institutions, their powers and limitations
Types of Constitutions Based on Origin and History
- Conventional or Enacted: A constituent assembly or the Head of State/Government enacts the constitution
- Japan's 1889 Constitution is an example of a Constitution that tends to be in written form
- Cumulative or Evolved: Derived from the development of culture, traditions, and judicial decisions, rather than formal enactment.
- This type tends to be unwritten
Characteristics of a Well Written Constitution
- Brief: The 1987 Constitution of the Philippines has 18 articles
- Broad: Covers the relations between the governing body and the governed
- Definite: Avoiding vagueness to prevent essential features being misinterpreted
Contents of the Constitution
- Defines powers of the governing body and the powers of the governed
- Defines the fundamental rights of the people and sets limitations on the powers of the state
- Defines procedures for amendments or revisions
Previous Constitutions of the Philippines: 1935 Constitution
- Ratified on May 14, 1935, by US President Franklin D. Roosevelt
- Authorized the Philippine Legislation to call for a constitutional convention to draft a constitution
- Established a bicameral legislative body
- Provided for a Commission on Elections
- The Parity Amendment granted American citizens equal rights with Filipinos in exploiting the country's natural resources and public utilities
- Women's suffrage was settled via a plebiscite on April 30, 1937, where 447,425 Filipinas voted for the right to suffrage, and 44,307 voted against
Previous Constitutions of the Philippines: 1973 Constitution
- Ratified on January 17, 1973, through Proclamation No. 1102
- On December 31, 1972, a Citizens Assembly was created in each barrio and district via Presidential Decree No. 86
- A referendum on national issues was conducted in barangays between January 10-15, 1973
- Of those who voted, 14,976,561 approved the New Constitution and 743,869 voted against it
- In a vote on ratification, 14,298,814 voted against calling for a plebiscite to ratify the New Constitution
- Amendments to the 1973 Constitution ensured that the incumbent President would also take on the role of Prime Minister
- The President was granted law-making powers even after Martial Law
- The new constitution established a modified parliamentary form of government
- It provided for urban land reform and social housing programs
The 1987 Constitution
- Sovereign Filipino people imploring the aid of God, established the government to embody ideals, promote the common good, conserve/develop patrimony, and guarantee blessings of freedom under the law in truth, justice, equality and peace
- The 1987 Constitution was ratified on February 2, 1987
- The rule of the majority is an unwritten law of democratic governments
- Majority vote ruling is observed in both Houses of Congress
- A 2/3 majority rule is applied in both Houses for specific issues like declarations of war, judgements on impeachment cases and to call on a constitutional convention
- The minority can still express their opinions, or protest acts of the majority
Government of Law and Not of Men
- No one, including the government, is above the law
- The government's authority continues only with the people's consent
- All government officers are creatures of the law and must obey it
- Citizens should follow the law if they agree with it or not
- The law's supremacy must be observed by every Filipino, regardless of status, without fear or favour
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