Philippine Constitution Overview

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Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of the straight baseline method in relation to archipelagic states?

To demarcate international waters

To connect outermost points of an archipelago (correct)

To separate internal waters from external waters

To define territorial waters beyond 12 nautical miles

Which component is NOT part of the national territory?

Terrestrial or land domain

Aerial domain

Maritime domain

Cultural domain (correct)

What defines the territorial sea of a state?

It begins from the low water mark and extends 12 nautical miles (correct)

It extends to 100 nautical miles from the shore

It includes historic waters

It includes all maritime zones up to the continental shelf

What is the doctrine defining the government's role as guardian of the rights of the people?

Parens Patriae Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary importance of the contiguous zone?

Punishment of customs infringements Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT considered one of the fundamental powers of the state?

Power of Judicial Review Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following regarding the exclusive economic zone (EEZ) is correct?

The state has exclusive jurisdiction over natural resources Signup and view all the answers

What do the waters between and connecting the islands of the Philippine archipelago constitute?

Internal Waters Signup and view all the answers

What is classified as internal waters?

Rivers, lakes, and canals Signup and view all the answers

What typically characterizes historic waters?

They are legally considered part of internal waters Signup and view all the answers

Under the Archipelagic Doctrine, how is the Philippine archipelago viewed?

As an integral unit Signup and view all the answers

Which section of the Constitution establishes the national territory of the Philippines?

Article I Signup and view all the answers

Which domain is NOT included in the concept of maritime domain?

Airspace above the ocean Signup and view all the answers

What elements comprise the Philippine national territory as per Article I, Section 1?

The terrestrial, fluvial, and aerial domains Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following assertions aligns with the Archipelagic Doctrine regarding the Philippines?

The use of the 'straight baseline method' enhances territorial claims Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of the national territory includes the seabed and subsoil?

Territorial Sea Signup and view all the answers

What principle guides the interpretation of the Constitution when there is ambiguity?

Ratio legis et anima Signup and view all the answers

Which important feature distinguishes the 1987 Constitution from earlier constitutions?

Length and complexity Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the key improvements in the Bill of Rights under the 1987 Constitution?

Establishment of the Commission of Human Rights Signup and view all the answers

What are the primary elements that define a state?

People, Territory, Government, Sovereignty Signup and view all the answers

What does the 1987 Constitution require for the Philippine government?

Democratic and republican structure Signup and view all the answers

Which classification of government exercises power without legal title?

De Facto Signup and view all the answers

What type of government operates under legal authority but may not exercise power?

De Jure Signup and view all the answers

Which function of government is considered compulsory and foundational for society?

Constituent Signup and view all the answers

What role does the State recognize for the private sector?

It plays an indispensable role and is encouraged. Signup and view all the answers

What policy does the State adopt regarding public service opportunities?

Equal access is guaranteed and political dynasties are prohibited. Signup and view all the answers

How does the State view the role of communication and information?

As a vital element in nation-building. Signup and view all the answers

What does the State guarantee regarding local governments?

Their autonomy is ensured. Signup and view all the answers

What can be inferred about the State's approach to graft and corruption?

The State actively seeks to combat graft and maintain integrity. Signup and view all the answers

What is the nature of common property as described?

It is owned collectively by all humanity. Signup and view all the answers

What action can a state take if its aerial space is violated?

Order the aircraft to leave or land. Signup and view all the answers

Which principle highlights the supremacy of civilian authority over military authority?

Section 3. Signup and view all the answers

What is the prime duty of the Government as stated in the principles?

To serve and protect the people. Signup and view all the answers

What does the government adhere to as part of its national policy?

Generally accepted principles of international law. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT included in the essential duties of the government?

Promoting widespread military training. Signup and view all the answers

What is stated about the separation of Church and State?

It is inviolable. Signup and view all the answers

What is the paramount consideration in the Philippines' foreign policy?

National sovereignty and territorial integrity. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Preamble

The Constitution is ordained to establish a humane society and a government that embodies Filipino ideals and aspirations.
It emphasizes a regime of truth, justice, freedom, love, equality, and peace.

Article I: National Territory

The Philippine archipelago, with all islands and waters, is the primary national territory.
Other territories under Philippine sovereignty or jurisdiction are also part of the national territory.
The territorial sea, seabed, subsoil, and other submarine areas are also included.

Archipelagic Doctrine

The Philippine archipelago is considered as one whole unit, not fragmented islands.
The "straight baseline method" connects outermost points of the archipelago, defining internal waters.

Purposes of Archipelagic Doctrine

Maintaining territorial integrity.
Ensuring national security.
Supporting economic interests.

Components of National Territory

Terrestrial or land domain.
Maritime domain.
Aerial domain.

Terrestrial or Land Domain

Includes all waters and internal waters.
Internal waters, such as rivers, lakes, and canals, are part of the land domain.

Maritime Domain

Territorial Sea: 12 nautical miles from shore, measured from the low water mark.
Contiguous Zone: 24 nautical miles from shore, extends beyond the territorial sea.
- Focused on enforcing customs, fiscal, immigration, and sanitary laws.
Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ): 200 nautical miles from shore, encompassing the seabed, subsoil, and submarine areas.
Continental Shelf: Extends beyond the territorial sea, encompassing the seabed and subsoil to the outer edge of the continental margin.
High Seas: "Res communes" - shared by all nations. Air above high seas is open to all aircraft.

Aerial Domain

Airspace above the high seas is open to all aircraft.
The state whose airspace is violated can take measures to protect itself, but it does not mean that the states have unlimited rights to attack the intruding aircraft.

Article II: Declaration of Principles and State Policies

The Philippines is a democratic and republican state.
Sovereignty resides in the people, and all government authority stems from them.
The Philippines renounces war as a national policy and upholds international law.
Civilian authority is supreme over the military; the Armed Forces secures sovereignty and national territory.
The primary duty of the government is to serve and protect the people.
The government may require citizens for personal military or civil service, provided by law.
The enjoyment of democratic blessings requires peace, order, protection of life, liberty, and property.
Separation of Church and State is inviolable.
The State pursues an independent foreign policy prioritizing national sovereignty, territorial integrity, and the right to self-determination.
The State recognizes the private sector, encourages private enterprise, and provides incentives for needed investments.
The State promotes comprehensive rural development and agrarian reform.
The State recognizes and promotes the rights of indigenous cultural communities.
Non-governmental and community-based organizations promoting national welfare are encouraged.
Communication and information play a vital role in nation-building.
Local government autonomy is ensured.
Equal access to public service is guaranteed and political dynasties are prohibited.
The State upholds honesty and integrity in the public service and combats graft and corruption.
Full public disclosure of all public interest transactions is adopted.

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Description

This quiz covers key aspects of the Philippine Constitution, highlighting its preamble and provisions on national territory. It emphasizes the archipelagic doctrine and its significance in maintaining territorial integrity and national security. Test your knowledge on these important constitutional elements!