Philippine Arts and Crafts Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What was the primary purpose of pottery in pre-colonial Philippines?

  • Religious ceremonies and rituals
  • Trade with foreign cultures
  • Functional purposes like storage and burial (correct)
  • Artistic expression and decoration

What does the Manunggul Jar symbolize in its depiction?

  • Belief in an afterlife (correct)
  • Maritime traditions
  • The agricultural cycle
  • Ancestral lineage

What does the Bulul figure represent in Ifugao culture?

  • The ancestral spirit and granary god (correct)
  • A mythological hero
  • The harvest god of the rice fields
  • A symbol of love and fertility

What technique is primarily used in the fresco process?

<p>Application of earth pigments mixed with water (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In Maranao art, what does the Sarimanok symbolize?

<p>Good fortune (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does intaglio refer to in visual arts?

<p>The process of carving into metal (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What feature characterizes the Torogan, the traditional house of Maranao royalty?

<p>It is elevated with large tree trunks and features a central post (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which tree is the Bulul traditionally carved from?

<p>Narra tree (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes the additive process in sculpture?

<p>Joining materials through welding (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between carving and modeling in sculpture?

<p>Carving involves material removal, while modeling involves material addition (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the Mala-a-walay in the Maranao culture?

<p>The big house for the common people (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does color play in the elements of visual arts?

<p>It can create mood and symbolize ideas (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What decorative elements are commonly found on the Sarimanok?

<p>Ornamental motifs of scrolls, leaves, and spirals (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement correctly describes texture in visual arts?

<p>It defines the tactile quality of the surface of an object (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic of the Okkir art form?

<p>Incorporation of geometric and floral motifs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of shapes in visual arts?

<p>To imitate natural forms or create abstract representations (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which painting by Juan Luna won three gold medals?

<p>Spolarium (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What material is primarily used in tempera painting?

<p>Egg yolk mixed with pigments (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Felix Resurreccion Hidalgo achieved notable acclaim for which of the following works?

<p>La Barca de Aqueronte (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

At what age did Fernando Amorsolo begin selling sketches to support his family?

<p>11 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which technique did Rembrandt primarily use in his painting The Night Watch?

<p>Chiaroscuro (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What influenced the style of Okkir in Filipino Islamic art?

<p>Hindi and Chinese art (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following artworks earned Juan Luna a silver medal at the Exposicion Nacional de Bellas Artes?

<p>La Muerte de Cleopatra (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does tenebrism differ from chiaroscuro?

<p>Tenebrism uses pronounced light and darkness to enhance drama. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Ginebra San Miguel logo was designed by which Filipino artist?

<p>Fernando Amorsolo (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What principle of design is demonstrated by the equal weight of elements on both sides of a painting?

<p>Balance (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In Leonardo da Vinci's The Last Supper, what role does asymmetrical balance play?

<p>It emphasizes Jesus Christ as the focal point. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which award was NOT won by Felix Resurreccion Hidalgo?

<p>Silver medal at the International Exposition of Fine Arts in Madrid (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the principle of harmony in visual arts signify?

<p>All parts relate and complement one another. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following artworks is an example of tenebrism?

<p>The Night Watch (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does proportion refer to in the context of visual arts?

<p>The ratio of one part to another and to the whole. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What quality does subordination reflect in an artwork?

<p>The emphasis on less important aspects. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the local term used for the art of creating designs by hammering in Betis?

<p>Pukpuk (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which material is NOT typically used by a santero in making santos?

<p>Glass (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which town is specifically recognized as the home of the santeros?

<p>Macabebe (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is regarded as the Dean of Philippine Illustrators?

<p>Irineo Miranda (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was Elias Laxa's primary occupation before becoming known for painting?

<p>Sign painter (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which artist is particularly noted for his work in portraiture?

<p>Jose Bumanlag David (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Juan C. Flores initially train as before pursuing a career in sculpting?

<p>Fisherman (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a common livelihood for the people of Macabebe before the war?

<p>Fishing and farming (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What significant national award did Vicente Manansala receive in 1941?

<p>National Artist Award (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which artist is known for creating the comic book series 'Jappy Days'?

<p>Liborio T. Gatbonton (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following artists studied heraldry abroad?

<p>Galo B. Ocampo (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medium did Patricio Salvador predominantly work with in his landscape paintings?

<p>Oil (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic is most associated with Salvador Cabrera's trademark works?

<p>Youngsters with large, soulful eyes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

At what age did Vicente Manansala paint his first oil painting?

<p>15 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which institution did Galo B. Ocampo direct in 1961?

<p>National Museum (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which artist worked as an editorial cartoonist for the Daily Mirror?

<p>Salvador Cabrera (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Etching

A process of using acid to carve a design into a metal surface, creating an intaglio.

Fresco

Painting on wet plaster with water-based pigments, allowing the colors to bind with the plaster.

Intaglio

A printing technique where ink is pressed into carved lines on a metal plate, creating a raised image.

Mosaic

A decorative surface made of small pieces of colored stone or glass.

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Subtractive Process

A sculptural method where material is removed to create a form. Think carving.

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Additive Process

A sculptural method where material is added to create a form. Think modeling.

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Color

Used to add quality, emotion, and symbolism to art.

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Line

Represents objects, figures, thoughts, and emotions in art.

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Value

The contrast between light and dark areas in a painting, creating depth and dimension.

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Chiaroscuro

A technique of using strong contrasts between light and dark areas to create dramatic effect, often used in Renaissance and Baroque art.

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Tenebrism

A specific type of chiaroscuro that uses extreme contrast between light and dark, making the light areas even brighter and the shadows even darker.

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Symmetrical Balance

When both sides of an artwork are identical mirrors of each other, creating a sense of formality and stability.

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Asymmetrical Balance

When both sides of an artwork are different, but still balanced visually, creating a sense of energy and movement.

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Emphasis and Subordination

The way an artist uses visual elements to draw attention to specific parts of an artwork, highlighting importance.

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Harmony

When all the elements of an artwork work together in a pleasing and unified way.

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Proportion

The relationship between the size and scale of different parts of an artwork, creating visual harmony and balance.

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Manunggul Jar

A pre-colonial Philippine burial jar depicting two figures rowing a boat, symbolizing the belief in an afterlife.

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Sarimanok

A legendary bird in Maranao art, depicted with colorful wings and feathered tail, holding a fish, symbolizing good fortune.

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Torogan

The traditional house of Maranao royalty, serving as the residence of the sultan, his family, and as a venue for community gatherings.

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Mala-a-walay

The big house in traditional Maranao architecture.

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Lawig

The small house in traditional Maranao architecture.

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Purpose of Pottery

Pre-colonial Philippine pottery was primarily used for functional purposes like storage and burial, often decorated with intricate designs representing spiritual and symbolic meanings.

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What does the Sarimanok stand on?

The wooden Sarimanok figure usually stands on a fish, with another one hanging from its beak.

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Okkir

A decorative style in Filipino Islamic art, featuring geometric and floral motifs often incorporating dragon or serpent imagery, influenced by Hindi and Chinese art.

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Juan Luna

A renowned Filipino visual artist known for his paintings that won international acclaim, including 'Spoliarium', 'La Muerte de Cleopatra', and 'El Pacto de Sangre'.

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Spoliarium

A painting by Juan Luna depicting the aftermath of a Roman gladiatorial contest, showcasing the brutality and tragic fate of defeated gladiators.

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Félix Resurrección Hidalgo

A Filipino visual artist contemporary to Juan Luna, known for his paintings that often portray classical themes and religious narratives.

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Las Vírgenes Cristianas Expuestas al Popolacho

A painting by Félix Resurrección Hidalgo depicting Christian women being exposed to the mockery of the Roman mob, highlighting their faith and resilience.

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Fernando Amorsolo

A prominent Filipino visual artist known for his realist paintings, particularly his depictions of Filipino rural life and landscapes, often featuring vibrant colors and warm lighting.

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'Marca Demonio'

A famous Ginebra San Miguel logo designed by Fernando Amorsolo at age 25, depicting a devil holding a bottle of gin.

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What is the Kapampangan word for images of saints?

Santus is the Kapampangan term for images of saints, typically carved in wood. These religious figures are an important part of Kapampangan culture and tradition.

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What is 'pukpuk'?

'Pukpuk' is a Kapampangan term that refers to the art of hammering and chasing metal in Betis, Pampanga. It's a traditional craft used to create intricate metalwork.

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Repoussé

Repoussé is a metalworking technique where designs are raised on a metal sheet by pounding them from the back using a chisel. It's a popular technique used in Betis, Pampanga.

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Santero

A santero is a craftsman who specializes in creating santos, religious figures depicting Christ, Mary or a Saint. They use materials like wood, ivory, cement, or fiberglass.

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Who is the Dean of Philippine Illustrators?

Irineo Miranda, known as the Dean of Philippine Illustrators, was a prominent artist who honed his skills under Fernando Amorsolo. He gained recognition for his illustrations, product labels, and advertisements.

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Juan C. Flores

Juan C. Flores was a legendary Kapampangan sculptor and carver known for his santos. He learned his craft in Manila and became an apprentice of Maximo Vicente.

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Elias Laxa

Elias Laxa was a master painter from Guagua, Pampanga, known for his vivid scenes of Philippine life. He studied at the U.P. College of Fine Arts and gained recognition for his artwork after the war.

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Jose Bumanlag David

Jose Bumanlag David was a Kapampangan painter recognized for his portraiture skills. He was known for his technical accuracy, mastery of light, tone, and mood.

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Vicente Manansala

A Filipino National Artist known for his unique style, often incorporating "transparent cubism" in his works. He was born in Macabebe, Pampanga and later moved to Intramuros. His artistic journey started with a cow head painting at age 15. He studied at U.P. Fine Arts and won his first national award for his painting "Pounding Rice"

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Patricio Salvador

A Filipino painter who graduated from Pampanga High School and studied at U.P. School of Fine Arts. He was known for quickly mastering painting basics and his landscape paintings. His renowned work, "Rice Fields", is displayed in the Jorge B. Vargas Museum.

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Galo B. Ocampo

A multi-talented Filipino artist who excelled in painting, sculpture, scenography, writing, teaching, and cultural activism. He studied at the University of the Philippines and holds the unique distinction of being the only Filipino to study heraldry abroad. He also served as a Director of the National Museum.

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Liborio "Gat" Gatbonton

A famous Filipino cartoonist and caricaturist during the Japanese rule in the Philippines. He created the popular comic book series "Jappy Days", a satirical take on Japanese rule. He was the chief cartoonist for the Evening Chronicle.

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Salvador Cabrera

BenCab's older brother, renowned for his quick-draw painting style, finishing up to 10 paintings a day. He's known for depicting youngsters with large, soulful eyes, similar to Margaret Keane. He became a successful editorial cartoonist for Daily Mirror, creating a comic strip called "Bindoy" that ran for 10 years.

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Transparent Cubism

A style of painting pioneered by Vicente Manansala, characterized by partially transparent figures and forms, creating a sense of depth and layered perspective.

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National Award

A prestigious recognition awarded to exceptional artists in the Philippines, acknowledging their significant contributions to the arts.

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What is heraldry?

The study and art of designing and displaying coats of arms and other heraldic emblems. It involves understanding the historical, symbolic, and genealogical aspects of heraldry.

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Study Notes

Module 1 Arts: Essence; Functions; Subjects; Media; Elements and Organizations; and Principles of Design

  • Art is derived from Latin word "Ars" meaning skill and Greek word "techne" denoting craft.

Function of Arts

  • Economic Function
  • Political Function
  • Historical Function
  • Cultural Function
  • Religious Function
  • Aesthetic Function

Personal Function

  • It is a means for artists to express their thoughts and feelings.

Social Function

  • Aims to impact collective behavior, primarily in public situations.
  • Describes the collective aspects of existence

Physical Function

  • Facilitates work, used in design, and community planning.

Subjects of Art

  • Subject (Substance):
    • Dream and Fantasy
    • Event (Everyday Life, History, Legend)
    • Nature (Animals, Plants, Mountains, Seas, Rivers, Forests)
    • Object (Things, Gadgets, Entity, Figures, Still Life)
    • Person (Portrait)
    • Scene (Landscapes, Topography, Terrain, Panorama)

Classification of Subject

  • Objective Art (Representational):

    • Represents objects or symbols.

  • Non-Objective Art (Non-Representational):

    • Doesn't depict concrete objects or symbols.

Ways of Presenting the Subject

  • Realism: Represents familiar subjects as they appear.
  • Abstraction: Doesn't represent reality directly, uses shapes, forms, colors, and textures.
  • Distortion: Modifies natural shapes to express artistic intent.

Medium of Art: Visual Art

  • Acrylic: Paint medium.
  • Drawing: Initial sketch.
  • Encaustic: Application of hot beeswax, resin, and pigment.
  • Engraving: Decorating metal with a burin
  • Etching: Using acid or mordant to cut into metal.
  • Fresco: Application of earth pigments to plaster.
  • Intaglio: Scratching, engraving, etching into metal plate.
  • Mosaic: Decoration with small colored stones or glass.
  • Painting: Applying pigments to surface (paper, cloth, canvas).
  • Printmaking: Reproducing graphic images.
  • Stained Glass: Decorating windows with colored glass.
  • Tempera: Mixture of egg yolk, white pigment and earth pigments .
  • Watercolor: Tempera made of pure water pigments.

Sculpture

  • Carving: Subtractive process to remove material.
  • Modeling: Additive process to construct form.
  • Fabrication: Joining or fastening of materials (nailing, welding)

Elements and Organization of Visual Arts

  • Color: Provides mood and expression.
  • Lines: Represents objects and feelings.
  • Shapes: Depict a variety of subjects.
  • Texture: Describes surface qualities.
  • Value: Represents shades of light and dark.

Principles of Design

  • Balance: Gravitational equilibrium, symmetrical, asymmetrical.
  • Emphasis and Subordination: Highlighting importance of elements.
  • Harmony: Parts relating to each other, resulting in unified whole.
  • Proportion: Relationship of one part to another in the whole, given in size, number, and position.

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Art - PDF

Description

Test your knowledge on the rich artistic heritage of the Philippine pre-colonial period. This quiz explores various aspects of traditional pottery, sculpture, and visual arts, focusing on notable artifacts and their cultural significance. Discover the meanings behind symbols like the Manunggul Jar and the Bulul figure while learning about the unique artistic techniques used in Filipino culture.

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