Questions and Answers
What occurs during prophase 1?
What happens during prophase 2?
The nuclear envelope is again dissolved and the spindle is set up again.
What is the arrangement of chromosomes during metaphase 1?
Homologs line up along the equator, spindle fibers attach to the chromosomes.
What occurs during metaphase 2?
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Describe anaphase 1.
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What happens during anaphase 2?
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What occurs during telophase 1?
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What happens during telophase 2/cytokinesis?
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Study Notes
Phases of Meiosis
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Prophase 1
- Homologous chromosomes pair up to form a structure known as a tetrad.
- Crossing over occurs, allowing for genetic recombination and exchange of genetic material between homologs.
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Prophase 2
- Nuclear envelope disintegrates again, preparing for the second meiotic division.
- Spindle apparatus is reestablished, ready for chromosome alignment.
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Metaphase 1
- Homologous chromosome pairs align along the equatorial plane of the cell.
- Spindle fibers attach to the kinetochores of the chromosomes.
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Metaphase 2
- Individual chromosomes, not in homologous pairs, line up along the cell's equator.
- Ensures that each daughter cell will receive one copy of each chromosome.
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Anaphase 1
- Spindle fibers pull homologous chromosomes apart, moving them toward opposite poles.
- Each pole receives a complete set of chromosomes, although each chromosome still consists of two sister chromatids.
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Anaphase 2
- Sister chromatids are separated and pulled apart by spindle fibers.
- Each chromatid is now considered a separate chromosome.
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Telophase 1
- Cytoplasm divides through a process called cytokinesis, resulting in two daughter cells.
- Each daughter cell has half the number of chromosomes as the original cell.
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Telophase 2/Cytokinesis
- Nuclear membranes reform around each set of chromosomes.
- Cytoplasm divides, producing four genetically distinct daughter cells, each with a haploid set of chromosomes.
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Description
This quiz explores the phases of meiosis, including Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, and their respective components. Understand the critical processes like crossing over and the alignment of chromosomes during these phases. Test your knowledge on how meiosis leads to genetic diversity.
