Phase Change Quiz: Match Each Phase to its Correct Term

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Questions and Answers

Match the following terms with their definitions:

Triple Point = The particular temperature and pressure at which the solid, liquid, and gaseous phases of a given substance are all at equilibrium with one another. Critical Point = The temperature when gas is liquefied at its critical pressure. General-purpose programming = Python Client-side scripting for web applications = JavaScript

Match the following terms with their descriptions:

Quantitative Aspects in Phase Changes = Chapter 1.3.4 Styling web pages = CSS Database queries = SQL Amount of heat required to convert ice to gas = 2258J/g

Match the following terms with their role in phase changes:

Solid, liquid, and gaseous phases equilibrium = Triple Point Formation of supercritical fluid = Two phases blend into one another Phase change calculations = Chapter 1.3.4 Liquefaction of gas at critical pressure = Critical Point

Match the phase change with the correct description:

Solid to Gas - sublimation = Change from solid directly to gas phase Solid to Liquid - melting = Change from solid to liquid phase Liquid to Solid - freezing = Change from liquid to solid phase Liquid to Gas - evaporation = Change from liquid to gas phase Signup and view all the answers

Match the phase change with the correct description:

Gas to Liquid - condensation = Change from gas to liquid phase Gas to Solid - deposition = Change from gas directly to solid phase Supercooling = Cooling liquids below freezing point without solidifying Crystal Lattice = Formation of crystal from repeated unit cells in all directions Signup and view all the answers

Match the crystal lattice term with the correct definition:

Unit Cell = Smallest portion of crystal showing complete particle pattern Parallelepipeds = Six-sided figures with faces as parallelograms Cubic = Crystal lattice type exemplified by Galena (Lead(II) sulfide) Tetragonal = Crystal lattice type exemplified by Zircon (ZrSiO4) Signup and view all the answers

Match the phase change with the corresponding heat absorbed or released:

Heat of Fusion = Heat absorbed to melt 1g of ice to 1g of liquid water Heat of Solidification = Heat given up or released when 1g of liquid water changes to 1g of ice Heat of Vaporization = Energy absorbed to change 1g of liquid to gas at its boiling point Heat of Condensation = Heat released when 1g of a gas condenses to a liquid at its boiling point Signup and view all the answers

Match the specific heat value with the corresponding substance:

Ice = 2.108J/g°C Water = 4.18J/g°C Steam = 2.00J/g°C Signup and view all the answers

Match the phase change with the heat value it involves:

Melting Ice = +333.6J/g - 333.6J/g Water Evaporation = +2258J/g - 2258J/g Steam Signup and view all the answers

Match the equation with its representation in the context of phase changes:

Specific Heat Equation = Q = mcΔT Heat Equation = Q = mcΔT Signup and view all the answers

Match the phase change value with the right unit:

Heat of Fusion = J/g Heat of Solidification = J/g Heat of Vaporization = J/g Heat of Condensation = J/g Signup and view all the answers

Match the process with the amount of heat involved:

Evaporation = +2258J/g Condensation = -2258J/g Signup and view all the answers

Match the type of solid with its primary characteristic:

Ionic Solids = Hard, brittle Molecular Solids = Soft, low to moderate melting point Covalent Solids = Very hard, very high melting point Metallic Solids = Soft to hard, malleable, ductile Signup and view all the answers

Match the substance with its correct solid type:

NaCl = Ionic Solids CO2 = Molecular Solids Diamond (Carbon) = Covalent Solids Cu = Metallic Solids Signup and view all the answers

Match the bonding type with the corresponding solid type:

Electrostatic attractions = Ionic Solids Dipole-dipole forces = Molecular Solids Covalent bonds = Covalent Solids Metallic bonds = Metallic Solids Signup and view all the answers

Match the term with the correct definition:

Specific Heat = Amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of 1g of a substance by 1°C Dispersion forces = Type of intermolecular force in Molecular Solids Hydrogen bonds = Type of intermolecular force in Molecular Solids Metallic elements = Examples of Metallic Solids Signup and view all the answers

Match the compound with its correct solid type:

MgCl2 = Ionic Solids H2O = Molecular Solids SiC (silicon carbide) = Covalent Solids Al = Metallic Solids Signup and view all the answers

Match the characteristic with the corresponding solid type:

Poor thermal and electrical conductors = Covalent Solids Good thermal and electrical conductors = Metallic Solids Client-side scripting for web applications = Ionic Solids Styling web pages = Molecular Solids Signup and view all the answers

Match the mineral with its crystal lattice structure:

Topaz (Al2SiO4(F, OH)2) = Monoclinic Gypsum (CaSO4 2H2O) = Monoclinic Calcite (CaCO3) = Rhombohedral Tourmaline = Hexagonal Signup and view all the answers

Match the type of cubic unit cell with its description:

Simple Cubic = Unit cell has an atom at each of the eight corners of the cube. Body-centered cubic = Has an additional atom in the center of its cube. Face-centered cubic = Has additional atoms on each of its six faces, each shared with a neighboring cube. Signup and view all the answers

Match the characteristic with the type of solid:

Atoms, ions, or molecules are ordered in well-defined arrangements = Crystalline Solids Do not have orderly structures = Amorphous Solids Particles hardly diffuse = Crystalline Solids Formed when the temperature of a liquid is low and pressure is high = Solids Signup and view all the answers

Match the mineral with its crystal lattice structure:

<h1>Amazonite (K(AlSi3O8)) = Triclinic Ice, sugar, salt, gems = Crystalline Solids</h1> Signup and view all the answers

Match the mineral with its crystal lattice structure:

= Signup and view all the answers

Match the mineral with its crystal lattice structure:

= Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Phase Changes

Heat of Vaporization: 2258 J/g
Problem: Calculate the amount of heat (joules) required to convert 200g of ice cubes at -20°C to gas at 120°C

Phase Diagram

Triple Point: the temperature and pressure at which solid, liquid, and gaseous phases are in equilibrium
Critical Point: the temperature at which a gas is liquefied at its critical pressure
Supercritical fluid: a state where two phases blend into one another, neither liquid nor gas

Solids

Ionic Solids:
- Formed from positive and negative ions
- Electrostatic attractions
- Examples: salts (NaCl, MgCl2, Ca(NO3)2)
Molecular Solids:
- Formed from atoms or molecules
- Hydrogen bonds, dipole-dipole forces, and dispersion forces
- Examples: most organic compounds and some inorganic compounds (CO2, H2O, Br2)
Covalent Solids:
- Formed from atoms connected in a network of covalent molecules
- Covalent bonds
- Examples: diamond (carbon), SiC (silicon carbide), quartz (SiO2)
Metallic Solids:
- Formed from atoms or molecules
- Metallic bonds
- Examples: all metallic elements (Cu, Na, Zn, Fe, Al)

Quantitative Aspects in Phase Changes

Specific Heat: the amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of 1g of a substance by 1°C
Heat of Fusion (Hfus): the heat absorbed to melt 1g of ice to 1g of liquid water = 333.6 J/g
Heat of Solidification (Hsol): the heat given up or released when 1g of liquid water changes to 1g of ice = 333.6 J/g
Heat of Vaporization (Hvap): the energy absorbed to change 1g of liquid to gas at its boiling point = 2258 J/g
Heat of Condensation (Hcon): the heat released when 1g of a gas condenses to a liquid at its boiling point = 2258 J/g

Crystal Lattice and Unit Cell

Unit Cell: the smallest portion of the crystal that shows the complete pattern of its particles
Crystal Lattice: formed when unit cells are repeated in all directions
Parallelepiped: a six-sided figure whose faces are parallelograms
Basic Types of Unit Cells:
- Cubic
- Tetragonal
- Orthorhombic
- Monoclinic
- Rhombohedral
- Hexagonal
- Triclinic
Kinds of Cubic Unit Cells:
- Simple Cubic
- Body-centered Cubic
- Face-centered Cubic

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Description

Test your knowledge on phase changes such as sublimation, melting, freezing, evaporation, and condensation. Identify the correct phase change corresponding to each scenario.