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Questions and Answers
Which of the following resources are relevant to understanding USP guidelines for sterile product preparation?
Which of the following resources are relevant to understanding USP guidelines for sterile product preparation?
Which of the following resources provides information about compatibility of parenteral admixtures?
Which of the following resources provides information about compatibility of parenteral admixtures?
When determining the beyond-use date (BUD) for a compounded sterile product, which of the following factors needs to be considered?
When determining the beyond-use date (BUD) for a compounded sterile product, which of the following factors needs to be considered?
Which of the following USP chapters provides guidelines for compounding hazardous drugs?
Which of the following USP chapters provides guidelines for compounding hazardous drugs?
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What is the primary purpose of the King Guide to Parenteral Admixtures and the Handbook on Injectable Drugs?
What is the primary purpose of the King Guide to Parenteral Admixtures and the Handbook on Injectable Drugs?
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What condition must be met for an 'immediate use product' to be compounded in poorer than ISO Class 5 air?
What condition must be met for an 'immediate use product' to be compounded in poorer than ISO Class 5 air?
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Which of the following statements about single-dose containers is correct?
Which of the following statements about single-dose containers is correct?
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What is the maximum number of different sterile products allowed in the preparation of an immediate use product?
What is the maximum number of different sterile products allowed in the preparation of an immediate use product?
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Which requirement is NOT true for immediate use compounded sterile products (CSPs)?
Which requirement is NOT true for immediate use compounded sterile products (CSPs)?
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What labeling is required for an immediate use compounded sterile product that is not administered immediately?
What labeling is required for an immediate use compounded sterile product that is not administered immediately?
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What is the primary consideration for assigning beyond use dates (BUD) according to USP guidelines?
What is the primary consideration for assigning beyond use dates (BUD) according to USP guidelines?
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For non-preserved aqueous dosage forms, what is the typical beyond use date when refrigerated?
For non-preserved aqueous dosage forms, what is the typical beyond use date when refrigerated?
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What must occur to increase the beyond use date (BUD) of compounded drug products?
What must occur to increase the beyond use date (BUD) of compounded drug products?
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In the absence of microbial and endotoxin testing for compounded sterile products (CSPs), what dictates the maximum BUD?
In the absence of microbial and endotoxin testing for compounded sterile products (CSPs), what dictates the maximum BUD?
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What general BUD is given to non-aqueous dosage forms at controlled room temperature?
What general BUD is given to non-aqueous dosage forms at controlled room temperature?
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Which of the following is NOT a source of contamination to evaluate?
Which of the following is NOT a source of contamination to evaluate?
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What is the BUD for preserved aqueous dosage forms stored at controlled room temperature?
What is the BUD for preserved aqueous dosage forms stored at controlled room temperature?
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Which of the following factors does NOT affect the decision to assign a BUD?
Which of the following factors does NOT affect the decision to assign a BUD?
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What is a key responsibility of compounding personnel?
What is a key responsibility of compounding personnel?
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What must be ensured by the pharmacist regarding the storage of items?
What must be ensured by the pharmacist regarding the storage of items?
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Which of the following accurately reflects the label strength requirements for CSPs?
Which of the following accurately reflects the label strength requirements for CSPs?
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What should be validated to ensure effective sterilization methods?
What should be validated to ensure effective sterilization methods?
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What does the designation 'C' indicate in a parenteral stability and compatibility monograph?
What does the designation 'C' indicate in a parenteral stability and compatibility monograph?
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Which reference guide contains an alphabetical arrangement of chemical monographs?
Which reference guide contains an alphabetical arrangement of chemical monographs?
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What is the maximum time non-sterile aqueous products should be sterilized?
What is the maximum time non-sterile aqueous products should be sterilized?
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What is essential to follow when preparing CSPs?
What is essential to follow when preparing CSPs?
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Which resource provides comprehensive information on pharmaceutical compounding and manufacturing?
Which resource provides comprehensive information on pharmaceutical compounding and manufacturing?
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How often is the reference guide containing parenteral stability data updated?
How often is the reference guide containing parenteral stability data updated?
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Why is training and observing personnel crucial in compounding?
Why is training and observing personnel crucial in compounding?
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What type of information does the National Formulary provide regarding pharmaceutical excipients?
What type of information does the National Formulary provide regarding pharmaceutical excipients?
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What is the purpose of assigning Beyond Use Dates (BUD)?
What is the purpose of assigning Beyond Use Dates (BUD)?
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Which database is NOT mentioned as being searchable through MWU Libraries?
Which database is NOT mentioned as being searchable through MWU Libraries?
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What does the designation 'X' signify in the parenteral stability and compatibility guide?
What does the designation 'X' signify in the parenteral stability and compatibility guide?
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Which of the following is associated with the resource 'Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms and Drug Delivery Systems'?
Which of the following is associated with the resource 'Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms and Drug Delivery Systems'?
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What conclusion can be drawn about compounded sterile products processed aseptically in a segregated compounding area?
What conclusion can be drawn about compounded sterile products processed aseptically in a segregated compounding area?
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For which category of compounded sterile products can terminal sterilization be utilized?
For which category of compounded sterile products can terminal sterilization be utilized?
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Which of the following statements is true regarding sterile compounded products processed under aseptic conditions?
Which of the following statements is true regarding sterile compounded products processed under aseptic conditions?
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What is required for the third category of compounded sterile products to have an extended beyond-use date?
What is required for the third category of compounded sterile products to have an extended beyond-use date?
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When compared to aseptically processed compounded sterile products, what trend is observed in beyond-use dates for terminally sterilized products?
When compared to aseptically processed compounded sterile products, what trend is observed in beyond-use dates for terminally sterilized products?
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What defines the cleanroom suite based on the information provided?
What defines the cleanroom suite based on the information provided?
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Flashcards
USP guidelines for sterile product preparation
USP guidelines for sterile product preparation
Guidelines set by the United States Pharmacopeia (USP) that provide specific instructions and standards for the preparation of sterile medication.
USP Category assignment for sterile products
USP Category assignment for sterile products
A system used to classify compounded sterile products based on their risk of microbial contamination.
King's Guide to Parenteral Admixtures and Handbook on Injectable Drugs
King's Guide to Parenteral Admixtures and Handbook on Injectable Drugs
Two resources that provide detailed information on the compatibility of drugs and their safe administration in sterile solutions.
Additional criteria for hazardous and radiopharmaceutical compounding
Additional criteria for hazardous and radiopharmaceutical compounding
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Beyond Use Date (BUD) for compounded sterile products
Beyond Use Date (BUD) for compounded sterile products
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Beyond Use Date (BUD)
Beyond Use Date (BUD)
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USP Category Assignment
USP Category Assignment
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Quality Assurance Protocol
Quality Assurance Protocol
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Compounded Sterile Product (CSP) Protocols
Compounded Sterile Product (CSP) Protocols
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Evaluating Potential Harm and Bioavailability
Evaluating Potential Harm and Bioavailability
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Sterility and Purity of Compounding Environment
Sterility and Purity of Compounding Environment
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Sterilization Method Validation
Sterilization Method Validation
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Responsibilities of Compounding Personnel
Responsibilities of Compounding Personnel
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Limitations of USP BUDs
Limitations of USP BUDs
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Contamination Source Evaluation
Contamination Source Evaluation
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Complicated Compounding Protocol
Complicated Compounding Protocol
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Compounded Sterile Products (CSPs)
Compounded Sterile Products (CSPs)
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Cleanroom
Cleanroom
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Standard (Non-Cleanroom) Compounding
Standard (Non-Cleanroom) Compounding
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Drug Information Resources
Drug Information Resources
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King's Guide to Parenteral Admixtures
King's Guide to Parenteral Admixtures
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Handbook on Injectable Drugs
Handbook on Injectable Drugs
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Handbook of Pharmaceutical Excipients
Handbook of Pharmaceutical Excipients
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Martindale: The Complete Drug Reference
Martindale: The Complete Drug Reference
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Remington: The Science and Practice of Pharmacy
Remington: The Science and Practice of Pharmacy
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United States Pharmacopeia - National Formulary (USP-NF)
United States Pharmacopeia - National Formulary (USP-NF)
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The Merck Index
The Merck Index
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Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms and Drug Delivery Systems
Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms and Drug Delivery Systems
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What is an 'Immediate Use' CSP?
What is an 'Immediate Use' CSP?
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What is the rule about single-dose containers in CSP preparation?
What is the rule about single-dose containers in CSP preparation?
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What is an 'Immediate Use' product?
What is an 'Immediate Use' product?
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What is the BUD for an 'Immediate Use' CSP?
What is the BUD for an 'Immediate Use' CSP?
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How is preparing a proprietary bag and vial system different from compounding?
How is preparing a proprietary bag and vial system different from compounding?
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What is a Compounded Sterile Product (CSP)?
What is a Compounded Sterile Product (CSP)?
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What is the Beyond Use Date (BUD) for a CSP?
What is the Beyond Use Date (BUD) for a CSP?
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What are the USP Categories for CSPs?
What are the USP Categories for CSPs?
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What is USP Category 1?
What is USP Category 1?
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What is USP Category 2?
What is USP Category 2?
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What is USP Category 3?
What is USP Category 3?
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In USP Category 3, what are the two compounding methods?
In USP Category 3, what are the two compounding methods?
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What is the difference between aseptically processed and terminally sterilized CSPs in Category 3?
What is the difference between aseptically processed and terminally sterilized CSPs in Category 3?
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What are source ingredients for CSPs?
What are source ingredients for CSPs?
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What is the role of compounding personnel in CSP preparation?
What is the role of compounding personnel in CSP preparation?
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Study Notes
Objectives
- Understand and apply guidelines in USP <797> for sterile product preparation.
- Assign appropriate categories to compounded sterile products.
- Use King's Guide to Parenteral Admixtures and the Handbook on Injectable Drugs.
- Understand criteria for hazardous and radiopharmaceutical compounding (USP <800> and <825>).
- Calculate beyond use dates (BUD) for compounded sterile products using available resources.
Reference Materials and Resources
- United States Pharmacopeia (USP) - National Formulary (NF). Available online via the library. Chapters <797>, <800>, and <825> are relevant.
- McEvoy's Handbook on Injectable Drugs (20th edition). Available through MWU Libraries.
- King Guide to Parenteral Admixtures. Searchable database version through MWU Libraries.
- Facts & Comparisons or Trissel's IV Compatibility. Accessible via MWU Libraries.
History of USP <797>
- Early 20th century saw expansion of pharmaceutical industry, leading to pre-manufactured drugs.
- USP evolved into industry standards for drug products.
- Initially developed as standards for prescribers and compounding pharmacists.
- IV admixture services transitioned from nursing to pharmacy in the 1960s and 1970s.
- Demand for home healthcare, total parenteral nutrition (TPN), and hospice created a need for compounded prescriptions (1980s-1990s).
- The USP <797> was established (1992) as the standard for pre-administration manipulations.
Responsibilities of Personnel
- Compounding Personnel: Accurately identify, measure, mix, purify, sterilize, package, label, store, dispense, distribute compounded sterile products (CSPs). Ensure strength within monograph limits (±10% if not specified). Follow a written quality assurance protocol for accuracy, precision, identity, purity, and stability.
- Pharmacists and Other Healthcare Providers: Train, educate, and observe personnel; document activities (handwashing, proper garb, aseptic technique, measuring/weighing, engineering controls). Validate identity, purity, and quality of ingredients. Ensure appropriate storage. Ensure sterilization methods maintain strength and stability. Maintain clean equipment for measuring, mixing, sterilizing, and purifying.
USP <797>, Category, & BUD Assignment
- Contamination Assessment: Evaluate potential microbial, chemical, and physical contamination, using appropriate drug information. USP <797> BUDs are primarily based on microbial contamination risk. Additional stability testing may need to be done for non-sterile products based on USP <795>.
- Source Evaluation: Determine potential sources of contamination for the compounding protocol such as personnel, non-sterile materials, and complexity of the preparation.
- Drug Information Resources: Assess stability data and use USP guidelines (Chapter <795>), specifically updated on 11-1-2023, to determine appropriate beyond-use dates (BUDs) for various dosage forms (aqueous, non-aqueous, oral liquids, etc.)
Package Inserts and Additional References
- Consult package inserts for single-dose and multi-dose containers for Beyond Use Times (BUDs) after opening.
- Various reference materials are available online, including the Handbook on Injectable Drugs, King Guide to Parenteral Admixtures, and Trissel's IV Compatibility.
Category Selection
- Immediate Use Products: Products prepared for immediate use are allowed under specific criteria (aseptic process, minimized contact with non-sterile surfaces, use of sterile products, single doses, etc., within 4 hours). This does not apply to hazardous and radiopharmaceutical products.
Hazardous Drugs Handling
- Compounding of hazardous drugs must follow USP <800> guidelines which requires a negative pressure, containment, segregated compounding area, adherence to appropriate engineering controls such as biological safety cabinets (BSCs), and proper protective equipment such as chemo-resistant gloves and gowns throughout the preparation, handling, and administration.
Radiopharmaceuticals (USP <825>)
- Radiopharmaceuticals are handled according to USP <825>. For low risk, these can be in closed, sterile containers of 100 mL (single-dose) or 30 mL (multi-dose) and only trained personnel can work with them.
- Compounding for immediate patient use is allowed outside primary or secondary containment, but only under highly specific aseptic conditions, with the appropriate BUD.
Allergen Extracts
- Specific considerations apply for allergen extracts, such as limited risk level requirements and stringent hand hygiene and aseptic technique compliance. Aseptic procedures occur only within a dedicated allergen-handling area. BUDs are limited.
Compounding Environments
- Segregated Compounding Area (SGA): Unclassifed space, defined perimeter, and positive environmental controls.
- Cleanroom Suite: Classified area containing an ante-room (ISO Class 8 or better) and a buffer area (ISO Class 7 or better), containing a Primary Engineering Control (ISO Class 5). Various processing methods and storage temperatures are considered.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the USP guidelines related to sterile product preparation and compounding. This quiz covers essential concepts such as beyond-use dates, compatibility of parenteral admixtures, and regulations for hazardous drugs. Perfect for pharmacy students and professionals preparing for certification.