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Questions and Answers
What is the main purpose of combining an acid and bicarbonate or carbonate in Potion Riviere?
What is the main purpose of combining an acid and bicarbonate or carbonate in Potion Riviere?
What is the volume of water used to dissolve the NaHCO3 in the preparation of Potion Riviere?
What is the volume of water used to dissolve the NaHCO3 in the preparation of Potion Riviere?
Which ingredient acts as a sweetening agent in Potion Riviere?
Which ingredient acts as a sweetening agent in Potion Riviere?
What is a characteristic effect of CO2 produced in effervescent solutions?
What is a characteristic effect of CO2 produced in effervescent solutions?
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Why is it recommended to use a slight excess of acid in the preparation of the effervescent solution?
Why is it recommended to use a slight excess of acid in the preparation of the effervescent solution?
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What type of solution is described by the term 'Infusion'?
What type of solution is described by the term 'Infusion'?
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What should not be added to the alkaline solution due to the risk of creating a 'dead mixture'?
What should not be added to the alkaline solution due to the risk of creating a 'dead mixture'?
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What role do NaHCO3 and citric acid play in Potion Riviere?
What role do NaHCO3 and citric acid play in Potion Riviere?
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What is the purpose of using boiling water in the preparation of fresh infusions?
What is the purpose of using boiling water in the preparation of fresh infusions?
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Which ingredient in the Black Draught serves as a sweetening agent?
Which ingredient in the Black Draught serves as a sweetening agent?
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What is the main characteristic differentiating a decoction from an infusion?
What is the main characteristic differentiating a decoction from an infusion?
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What is the calculated final volume of liquid after adding the excess water in the preparation of the infusion of Senna?
What is the calculated final volume of liquid after adding the excess water in the preparation of the infusion of Senna?
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What is the use of K citrate in the formulations mentioned?
What is the use of K citrate in the formulations mentioned?
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Why is soaking plant material for 20 minutes essential before boiling in the decoction preparation?
Why is soaking plant material for 20 minutes essential before boiling in the decoction preparation?
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In the preparation of the infusion of Senna, what is the main role of water?
In the preparation of the infusion of Senna, what is the main role of water?
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What is the significance of filtering through wetted cotton during decoction preparation?
What is the significance of filtering through wetted cotton during decoction preparation?
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Study Notes
Effervescent Solution (Potion Riviere)
- A mixture of a recently prepared salt (from combining an acid and a carbonate/bicarbonate)
- Produced at the time of dispensing
- Mixture is saturated with carbon dioxide (CO2)
- Chemical equation: Acid + Bicarbonate/Carbonate → CO2 + Salt + H2O
Alkaline and Acid Solutions
- Prescriptions for both alkaline and acid solutions are provided
- Ingredients and quantities for each solution are detailed (e.g., NaHCO3, citric acid, simple syrup, syrup of lemon, water)
- Each solution is measured (e.g., 0.35 g NaHCO3, 2 ml simple syrup)
- Instructions to mix both solutions directly before use are given
Calculations (General)
- F= 2/1
- Amount of vehicle = 30-4=26 ml (example)
Procedure (General)
- Instructions for specific preparations
- Dissolve ingredients into a vehicle (usually water) in a specific order.
- Top up to a final volume
- Pour into separate containers
- Label containers
Infusion Senna
- Uses Senna leaves for laxative use
- Senna leaves: 5g
- Boiling water: 100ml (to make 100ml of finished solution)
- Finished solution volume: 30ml
- Calculations for F = 0.3, 40% excess water, total volume: 42 ml
- Procedure details: soak, filter, and don't fill to final volume
Black Draught
- Liquid medication intended for oral administration
- Prescribed in large doses
- Ingredients and quantities are detailed (e.g., MgSO4, tr Cardomum, liquid extract of liquorice, aromatic spirit NH3, infusion senna)
- Instructions for preparing the solution are provided
Decoction of Ammi Visnaga
- Uses Ammi visnaga for a preparation
- Ammi visnaga: 5g
- Cold water: 100 ml
- Finished solution volume: 30ml
- Calculation F=30/100=0.3, 40% excess water, total volume: 42 ml
- Procedure details: crushing plant, soaking, boiling for 10 minutes, filter, adjust to final volume
Decoction (General)
- A process for extracting water-soluble, heat-stable ingredients from crude drugs by boiling them in water
Practical Work (General)
- Prescriptions and quantities for different solutions are detailed for different practical components (e.g., K citrate, Tr. Hyoscyamin, Dec. Ammi visnaga)
- Instructions for preparing solutions
- Calculations for final volumes are provided (e.g., F = 1, Decoction = 30-2=28ml)
Tools
- Materials for preparing the different solutions (e.g., watch glass, spatulas, beakers, cylinders, funnel, cotton)
- Measuring devices provided (e.g., graduated pipettes and droppers).
Uses (General)
- A list of specific uses for different ingredients in the various preparations (e.g., laxative, antispasmodic)
Comparison Between Infusion and Decoction
- A table comparing the two methods of preparing liquid drugs highlighting their differences
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Description
Explore essential techniques for compounding effervescent solutions and alkaline/acids in pharmacy. This quiz covers the chemical reactions, measurement, and procedural steps necessary for preparation. Test your knowledge on the accuracy of ingredient mixing and dosage calculations.
