Pharmacy Compounding Techniques
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Questions and Answers

What is the main purpose of combining an acid and bicarbonate or carbonate in Potion Riviere?

  • To produce CO2 (correct)
  • To increase viscosity
  • To enhance the color
  • To create a sweet flavor

    • What is the volume of water used to dissolve the NaHCO3 in the preparation of Potion Riviere?

  • 30 ml
  • 20 ml (correct)
  • 10 ml
  • 15 ml

    • Which ingredient acts as a sweetening agent in Potion Riviere?

  • Citric acid
  • NaHCO3
  • Syrup of lemon (correct)
  • Water

    • What is a characteristic effect of CO2 produced in effervescent solutions?

    <p>It masks the salty taste (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it recommended to use a slight excess of acid in the preparation of the effervescent solution?

    <p>To improve the taste (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of solution is described by the term 'Infusion'?

    <p>A dilute solution of soluble constituents (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should not be added to the alkaline solution due to the risk of creating a 'dead mixture'?

    <p>Syrup of lemon (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do NaHCO3 and citric acid play in Potion Riviere?

    <p>They are inert components that react to produce CO2 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using boiling water in the preparation of fresh infusions?

    <p>To ensure the quick extraction of active compounds (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ingredient in the Black Draught serves as a sweetening agent?

    <p>Liq extract of liquorice (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main characteristic differentiating a decoction from an infusion?

    <p>Decoctions involve boiling and are heat stable (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the calculated final volume of liquid after adding the excess water in the preparation of the infusion of Senna?

    <p>42ml (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the use of K citrate in the formulations mentioned?

    <p>Alkalinizer (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is soaking plant material for 20 minutes essential before boiling in the decoction preparation?

    <p>To improve extraction efficiency (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the preparation of the infusion of Senna, what is the main role of water?

    <p>As a carrier and extracting solvent (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of filtering through wetted cotton during decoction preparation?

    <p>To retain coagulated albuminous matter (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Effervescent Solution Composition

    A mixture of a recently prepared salt, created from combining an acid and a carbonate or bicarbonate, at the time of dispensing, generating a CO2-charged mixture.

    Potion Riviere Components

    Consists of sodium bicarbonate, citric acid, simple syrup, syrup of lemon, and water.

    Effervescent Solution Purpose

    These solutions are used as an antiemetic, increasing gastric secretion, and freshening the mouth due to the produced CO2. They also mask a salty taste.

    Mixing Instructions

    Mix equal parts of the 'acidic' and 'alkaline' solutions directly before use.

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    Ingredients' Role (NaHCO3, Citric Acid)

    Sodium bicarbonate and citric acid are primary components that react to produce carbon dioxide, but these are also inert ingredients.

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    Simple Syrup & Syrup of Lemon

    These add sweetness and flavor to the solution.

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    Water's Function

    Water acts as the solvent/vehicle for dissolving components in the effervescent solution.

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    Acidic Excess

    Adding a slight excess of acid-syrup is desirable to maintain a pleasant taste and avoid a flat or unpleasant reaction.

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    Infusion Senna Preparation

    A liquid herbal preparation made by steeping Senna leaves in hot water for a short time. Used as a laxative.

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    Black Draught Composition

    An oral liquid medicine containing Magnesium sulfate, Compound Tincture of Cardamom, Liquorice extract, Ammonia spirit, and Infusion Senna.

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    Decoction Definition

    A process to extract water-soluble, heat-stable compounds from herbs by boiling them in water.

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    Decoction Calculation (example)

    Calculating the final volume of a decoction by adding a precise amount of solvent (typically water) beyond the original volume.

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    Infusion vs. Decoction

    Infusion is a quicker process that uses hot or cold water to extract water-soluble components from herbs. Decoction involves boiling and is used for extracting heat-stable constituents.

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    K Citrate Use

    An alkalinizer used medicinally.

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    Tr. Hyoscyamin Use

    Antispasmodic, used to relieve muscle spasms.

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    Ammi Visnaga Decoction Use

    Antispasmodic, traditionally used to soothe muscle spasms.

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    Study Notes

    Effervescent Solution (Potion Riviere)

    • A mixture of a recently prepared salt (from combining an acid and a carbonate/bicarbonate)
    • Produced at the time of dispensing
    • Mixture is saturated with carbon dioxide (CO2)
    • Chemical equation: Acid + Bicarbonate/Carbonate → CO2 + Salt + H2O

    Alkaline and Acid Solutions

    • Prescriptions for both alkaline and acid solutions are provided
    • Ingredients and quantities for each solution are detailed (e.g., NaHCO3, citric acid, simple syrup, syrup of lemon, water)
    • Each solution is measured (e.g., 0.35 g NaHCO3, 2 ml simple syrup)
    • Instructions to mix both solutions directly before use are given

    Calculations (General)

    • F= 2/1
    • Amount of vehicle = 30-4=26 ml (example)

    Procedure (General)

    • Instructions for specific preparations
    • Dissolve ingredients into a vehicle (usually water) in a specific order.
    • Top up to a final volume
    • Pour into separate containers
    • Label containers

    Infusion Senna

    • Uses Senna leaves for laxative use
    • Senna leaves: 5g
    • Boiling water: 100ml (to make 100ml of finished solution)
    • Finished solution volume: 30ml
    • Calculations for F = 0.3, 40% excess water, total volume: 42 ml
    • Procedure details: soak, filter, and don't fill to final volume

    Black Draught

    • Liquid medication intended for oral administration
    • Prescribed in large doses
    • Ingredients and quantities are detailed (e.g., MgSO4, tr Cardomum, liquid extract of liquorice, aromatic spirit NH3, infusion senna)
    • Instructions for preparing the solution are provided

    Decoction of Ammi Visnaga

    • Uses Ammi visnaga for a preparation
    • Ammi visnaga: 5g
    • Cold water: 100 ml
    • Finished solution volume: 30ml
    • Calculation F=30/100=0.3, 40% excess water, total volume: 42 ml
    • Procedure details: crushing plant, soaking, boiling for 10 minutes, filter, adjust to final volume

    Decoction (General)

    • A process for extracting water-soluble, heat-stable ingredients from crude drugs by boiling them in water

    Practical Work (General)

    • Prescriptions and quantities for different solutions are detailed for different practical components (e.g., K citrate, Tr. Hyoscyamin, Dec. Ammi visnaga)
    • Instructions for preparing solutions
    • Calculations for final volumes are provided (e.g., F = 1, Decoction = 30-2=28ml)

    Tools

    • Materials for preparing the different solutions (e.g., watch glass, spatulas, beakers, cylinders, funnel, cotton)
    • Measuring devices provided (e.g., graduated pipettes and droppers).

    Uses (General)

    • A list of specific uses for different ingredients in the various preparations (e.g., laxative, antispasmodic)

    Comparison Between Infusion and Decoction

    • A table comparing the two methods of preparing liquid drugs highlighting their differences

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    Related Documents

    Pharmaceutical Calculations PDF

    Description

    Explore essential techniques for compounding effervescent solutions and alkaline/acids in pharmacy. This quiz covers the chemical reactions, measurement, and procedural steps necessary for preparation. Test your knowledge on the accuracy of ingredient mixing and dosage calculations.

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