Questions and Answers
When is reconstitution necessary?
For medications that come in a powdered form, that are unstable when stored in liquid form.
When medications come in powdered form, they must be diluted with a liquid referred to as a?
Diluent or solvent.
Reconstitution is necessary for medications that come in?
Powdered form.
As a safety precaution, the pharmacy may reconstitute the medication; however, the nurse must know how the reconstitution process works and that starts with understanding the terminology associated with it.
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Understanding the terminology related to reconstitution enables the nurse to understand the process of reconstitution.
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What is a solute?
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What is a solvent?
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What is a solution?
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Before you reconstitute a medication, you must?
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What additional information do you need to identify from the medication label or package insert during reconstitution?
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What are the most common diluents that are used?
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You must check with the prescriber before reconstituting a medication with lidocaine.
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When you reconstitute medication, you must add the same amount of air first into the diluent that you then plan to withdraw.
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What is the order of reconstitution with 2.1 ceftriaxone?
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If there are no directions for reconstitution on the label, what must you do?
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What are the two types of reconstituted parenteral solutions?
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What is the difference between multiple dose vials and single dose vials?
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When reconstituting multiple dose vials, what must you do when you want to store them?
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Whether a medication causes an increase in volume when it is reconstituted will be indicated on the medication label or package insert.
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What is the total dosage strength of gemzar in this vial?
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How much diluent is added to the vial to prepare the medication for IV use?
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What diluent is recommended for reconstitution?
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What is the final concentration of the prepared solution for IV administration?
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How long will the reconstituted material retain its potency?
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100 mg IV is ordered for day one treatment. How many milliliters will you give?
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Do not use the dosage strength/volume on the front big in bold on the medication label to calculate reconstitution dosage.
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Sometimes a medication label does not list a final dosage strength after reconstituting it.
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When multiple directions are given for reconstituting medications, the smaller the amount of diluent used, the more?
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When you are mixing a medication that is a multiple strength solution, the dosage strength that you prepare must be written on the vial.
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What are the three ways to calculate the reconstitution?
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Reconstitution can also be applied to nutritional liquids and enteral feeding solutions.
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What is enteral feeding?
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When a feeding pump is used for enteral nutrition, a rate is expressed in what?
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What is an example of an enteral feeding order?
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Ensure 180 ml by NG tube over 8 hours. Follow with 100 ml of water after each feeding.
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Water is referred to as the universal?
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If you add more solvent, then you have a less concentrated solution.
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Solute equals solution.
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What is the difference between solute and solvent?
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Study Notes
Reconstitution Overview
- Reconstitution is essential for powdered medications that are unstable in liquid form.
- Medications in powdered form require dilution with a liquid known as a diluent or solvent.
Key Definitions
- Solute: The powdered medication or concentrated liquid that needs to be dissolved.
- Solvent: The liquid (also called diluent) added to the solute; choice of solvent is crucial.
- Solution: The final liquid obtained after the solvent dissolves the solute.
Safe Practices
- Nurses must understand the reconstitution process and related terminology for safe medication administration.
- If directions for reconstitution are unclear, consulting pharmacy resources or medication guides is necessary.
Reconstitution Process
- Identify the route of administration (IM, IV) before reconstitution, as methods can vary.
- Follow the manufacturer's instructions for the type and amount of diluent.
- Label reconstituted medications with date, strength, and storage instructions, especially for multiple-dose vials.
Dosage Calculations
- For calculations, use final reconstituted volumes instead of bold dosage strengths listed on labels.
- Utilize methods such as ratio and proportion, formula method (D/H x Q), and dimensional analysis for precise calculations.
Enteral Nutrition
- Enteral feeding delivers nutrients directly to the GI tract for patients with ingestion challenges.
- The feeding rate for enteral solutions is expressed in ml/hr, showcasing the importance of accurate dosing.
Concentration Management
- The concentration of the resulting solution increases as the amount of diluent decreases during reconstitution.
- Understanding solute vs. solvent is vital; solute dissolves in the solvent to form a solution.
Example Calculations
- A nutritional formula example involves calculating desired strength against the amount of the desired solution.
- Proper formulation of strength in nutritional solutions requires precise measurement and clarity in calculations.
Conclusion
- Familiarity with reconstitution terminology, procedures, and calculation methods is essential for effective clinical practice in medication administration and nutritional support.
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Description
These flashcards focus on the essential concepts of reconstituting powdered medications. Learn when reconstitution is necessary, the role of diluents or solvents, and key definitions related to this important pharmacy topic. Perfect for pharmacy students or professionals looking to refresh their knowledge.
