40 Questions
What is the mechanism of action of progestin in inhibiting the LH surge in the pituitary?
By atrophying the endometrium and thickening the cervical mucus
Which of the following is a physiological effect of estrogen-based contraceptives?
Increased hepatic protein production and increased risk of DVT
What is the difference between the mechanism of action of estrogen and progestin in contraceptives?
Estrogen potentiates the action of progestin agents, while progestin inhibits the LH surge
Which generation of progestin-based contraceptives includes desogestrel and norgestrel?
Second generation
What is the benefit of estrogen-based contraceptives in terms of bone health?
Decreased risk of osteoporosis
What is the primary mechanism of action of Follicle Stimulating Hormone in females?
Inducing LH receptor expression and follicle maturation
Which of the following estrogens is synthesized by the placenta during pregnancy?
Estriol
What is the result of chronic release of GnRH in the Hypothalamic-Pituitary Gonadal Axis?
Down regulation of FSH and LH secretion
Which of the following hormones stimulates Sertoli cells to promote sperm maturation in males?
Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH)
What is the primary mechanism of action of Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators (SERMs) in the treatment of postmenopausal symptoms?
Binding to estrogen receptors in the brain to alleviate hot flashes
What is the parent compound for all steroid hormones, including estrogens and androgens?
Cholesterol
Which of the following is a physiological effect of hormonal contraceptives?
Regulation of menstrual cycles
What is the primary function of gonads in the production of sex hormones?
To produce sex hormones for conception and embryonic maturation
What is the mechanism of action of Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT) in the treatment of postmenopausal symptoms?
Replacing estrogen and progesterone to alleviate symptoms
Which of the following is an example of a progestin-based contraceptive?
Emergency contraception
What is the primary effect of estrogen on blood lipid profiles?
Increases triglycerides, HDL, and decreases cholesterol synthesis
What is the primary mechanism by which Ethinyl Estradiol (EE) increases its bioavailability when taken orally?
Addition of a triple bond to estradiol
Which of the following physiological effects of estrogen is NOT related to its role in cardiovascular health?
Increases bile acid secretion
What is the effect of estrogen on sodium levels in the body?
Increases sodium retention
What is the primary role of estrogen in the development of the female reproductive system?
Development of the endometrial lining
What is the primary indication for emergency contraception?
Failure of hormonal contraception or exposure to teratogen
What is a self-administered hormonal contraceptive (SAHC) example?
NuvaRing
What is the purpose of the USMEC screening tool?
To identify patient risk factors for SAHC
What is a requirement for pharmacist training in California?
1 hour of board-approved continuing education program or equivalent training program
What is a common side effect of hormonal emergency contraception?
Bleeding between periods
What is the mechanism of action of Ulipristal as an emergency contraceptive?
Selective progesterone receptor modulator to delay or prevent ovulation
Which of the following is a potential side effect of Ulipristal emergency contraception?
Menstrual irregularities
What is the recommended timing for initiating long-term hormonal birth control after taking Ulipristal?
Wait 5 days after taking Ulipristal
What is the effectiveness of Levonorgestrel (Plan B One-Step) as an emergency contraceptive?
89% effective
What is the weight consideration for Ulipristal emergency contraception?
No FDA approved weight, but decreased effectiveness >165 lbs
Which side effect is associated with progestin-based contraceptives?
Breakthrough bleeding late cycle
What type of oral pill administration has the same amount of hormones in each active pill?
Monophasic
When should a woman start taking hormonal contraceptives if she has just had unprotected sex and wants to minimize the risk of pregnancy?
Anytime start or quick start
Who should not take combined hormonal contraceptives?
Women 35 or older who smoke cigarettes
What is the role of a pharmacist in providing hormonal contraceptives?
Furnish patients with medications
What is the significance of the 'Sunday start' in hormonal contraceptives?
Cycle begins on Sunday always
What is an example of an estrogen-associated side effect?
Breast tenderness
What is the significance of the 'First day of bleeding start' in hormonal contraceptives?
Protection immediate
What is a contraindication for combined hormonal contraceptives?
History of blood clots or stroke
What type of hormonal contraceptive is recommended for women who experience irregular periods?
Progestin-only pill
This quiz covers the pharmacology of estrogen and progesterone, including their roles in hormonal contraception, hormone replacement therapy, and hormone therapy for various conditions. It also touches on the topics of gastric cancer and osteoporosis. Test your knowledge of these hormone-related therapies!
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