Pharmacology Test #1 Chapter 19

Questions and Answers

What is the classification and uses of Donepezil (Aricept)?

Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Mild to severe dementia caused by AD, memory improvement in dementia caused by stroke, vascular disease, multiple sclerosis.

What is the classification and uses of Galantamine (Razadyne)?

Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Mild to severe dementia caused by Alzheimer's disease.

What is the classification and uses of Rivastigmine (Exelon)?

Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Mild to moderate dementia of Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson disease.

What is the classification and uses of Memantine (Namenda)?

NMDA Receptor Antagonist; Moderate to severe dementia caused by Alzheimer's disease. Signup and view all the answers

What is the classification and uses of Memantine/Donepezil (Namzaric)?

Combination Drugs; Moderate to severe dementia caused by Alzheimer's disease. Signup and view all the answers

AD involves protein plaques and nerve tangles that limit which neurotransmitter?

Acetylcholine Signup and view all the answers

Adverse reactions that the nurse would assess for in a client taking rivastigmine (Exelon) include:

Vomiting Signup and view all the answers

When administering donepezil (Aricept) to a client with AD, which diagnostic test would most likely have been prescribed?

Brain Scan Signup and view all the answers

Which nursing diagnosis would the nurse most likely place on a care plan for a client with AD related to adverse reactions of cholinesterase inhibitors?

Imbalanced Nutrition Signup and view all the answers

The nurse correctly administers donepezil (Aricept) ___.

Once daily at bedtime Signup and view all the answers

When a client's dementia causes him or her to pick at items, the rivastigmine transdermal patch should be placed:

Between the shoulder blades Signup and view all the answers

The nurse correctly disposes of the rivastigmine transdermal patch by first:

Folding it over so the adhesive sides stick together Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an indicator of delirium?

Caused by bladder infection Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following are used to monitor the progression of AD? (Select all that apply)

MMSE Signup and view all the answers

For drug development purposes, AD is now defined in three stages. Cholinesterase inhibitors are used during which stage(s)? (Select all that apply)

Stage 2 Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Donepezil (Aricept)

Classification: Cholinesterase Inhibitor
Uses: Treats mild to severe dementia from Alzheimer's Disease (AD) and improves memory in dementia due to stroke, vascular disease, or multiple sclerosis
Common side effects: Headache, nausea, diarrhea, insomnia, muscle cramps

Galantamine (Razadyne)

Classification: Cholinesterase Inhibitor
Uses: Primarily for mild to severe dementia caused by Alzheimer's Disease
Common side effects: Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, anorexia, dizziness

Rivastigmine (Exelon)

Classification: Cholinesterase Inhibitor
Uses: Treats mild to moderate dementia of Alzheimer's Disease and Parkinson's disease
Common side effects: Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, dyspnea, anorexia, insomnia, fatigue, dizziness, headache

Memantine (Namenda)

Classification: NMDA Receptor Antagonist
Uses: Designed for moderate to severe dementia caused by Alzheimer's Disease
Common side effects: Dizziness, headache, confusion

Memantine/Donepezil (Namzaric)

Classification: Combination Drug
Uses: Addresses moderate to severe dementia from Alzheimer's Disease

Alzheimer's Disease (AD) Pathophysiology

Characterized by protein plaques and nerve tangles that affect the acetylcholine neurotransmitter.

Adverse Reactions in Rivastigmine

Key symptoms to observe: Vomiting, which is highlighted as a significant assessment point.

Diagnostic Tests for Donepezil Administration

Brain scans are essential as part of the diagnostic tests for patients receiving donepezil.

Nursing Diagnoses for AD

Common nursing diagnosis related to side effects of cholinesterase inhibitors: Imbalanced Nutrition due to gastrointestinal issues like nausea or diarrhea.

Administration Guidelines for Donepezil

Must be administered once daily at bedtime for optimal effectiveness.

Placement of Rivastigmine Patch

The rivastigmine transdermal patch is best placed between the shoulder blades to prevent the patient from removing it.

Disposal of Rivastigmine Patch

Proper disposal involves folding the patch so that the adhesive sides stick together before discarding.

Indicators of Delirium

A key indicator includes being caused by a specific issue, such as a bladder infection.

Monitoring Alzheimer's Disease Progression

Tools for monitoring include: Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), brain scans, blood studies, and memory testing.

Stages of Alzheimer's Disease and Cholinesterase Inhibitors

Cholinesterase inhibitors are utilized during stages 2 and 3 of Alzheimer's Disease, according to new drug development definitions.

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Description

Test your knowledge on the classification and uses of key pharmacological agents, specifically focusing on cholinesterase inhibitors like Donepezil and Galantamine. This quiz covers important aspects of Alzheimer's disease treatments and their side effects. Perfect for students or professionals in the field of pharmacology.