Pharmacology Quiz: Drug Mechanisms and Effects
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Questions and Answers

What functional group does ninhydrin reagent detect?

  • Amino group (correct)
  • Guanine ring
  • Indole ring
  • Glycosidic linkages

    • Which of the following is the primary treatment for carbon monoxide poisoning?

  • Sodium thiosulfate
  • Oxygen therapy (correct)
  • Amyl nitrite
  • Hemodialysis

    • What is the antidote for a benzodiazepine overdose?

  • Caffeine
  • FAB fragments
  • Naloxone
  • Flumazenil (correct)

    • Which vitamin, after conversion in the body, functions as a hormone?

    <p>Cholecalciferol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug is considered a short-acting benzodiazepine?

    <p>Midazolam</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of a drug that increases its likelihood of passing into breast milk?

    <p>High lipid solubility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended course of action for a pregnant woman with hypothyroidism who is taking levothyroxine and starts experiencing fatigue?

    <p>Refer to doctor to adjust dose according to TSH</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common side effect associated with Class II antiarrhythmic drugs?

    <p>Bronchospasm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many grams of benzocaine are required to prepare an 80 mL solution with a 1:1000 concentration?

    <p>0.08 grams</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is classified as a parasympathetic ganglion?

    <p>otic ganglion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Anhydrosis, dilated conjunctival vessels and ptosis are associated with what procedure?

    <p>stellate ganglion block</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In myasthenia gravis, which statement is most accurate?

    <p>The vertical muscles of the eye are more commonly involved than the horizontal muscles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Regarding the knee jerk reflex, which of these statements is correct?

    <p>(A and B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which set of tests are most appropriate for assessing macular function in a patient with dense cataract and limited retinal view?

    <p>(B, C, and D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A relative afferent pupillary defect (RAPD) is likely to be observed in which of the following conditions?

    <p>optic nerve glioma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements accurately describes Purkinje's shift?

    <p>all above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the air bubble in prefilled enoxaparin syringes?

    <p>To ensure the full dose of medication is delivered</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does carbidopa contribute to the effectiveness of levodopa?

    <p>By inhibiting peripheral dopa decarboxylase, thus increasing levodopa availability in the brain.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which tautomeric form of a compound is considered the least stable due to electrostatic repulsion?

    <p>The tautomer with both amino groups positively charged</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is screening for tuberculosis recommended before starting treatment with infliximab?

    <p>Infliximab can reactivate latent tuberculosis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does isocitrate dehydrogenase play in the Krebs cycle?

    <p>It catalyzes the oxidative decarboxylation of isocitrate to α-ketoglutarate.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does the hexose monophosphate (HMP) shunt (pentose phosphate pathway) occur in the cell?

    <p>The cytosol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does fluoroacetate disrupt the Krebs cycle?

    <p>By inhibiting aconitase, thus blocking citrate conversion to isocitrate.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following are precursors for Retinol (Vitamin A) synthesis?

    <p>Beta-ionone and methylvinyllactone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What critical role does phosphatidylcholine (lecithin) play in the lungs?

    <p>It reduces alveolar surface tension as a major component of pulmonary surfactant.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary enzyme deficiency in Cori’s disease (Type III glycogen storage disease)?

    <p>Amylo-α-1,6-glucosidase (debranching enzyme)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When administering ASV, what is the correct dosage regimen?

    <p>150 mg/kg over 1 hour, followed by 50 mg/kg over 4 hours, then 100 mg/kg over 16 hours</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is ECG monitoring essential when administering intravenous potassium?

    <p>To detect arrhythmias caused by changes in cardiac conduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why might discontinuing oxybutynin improve urinary hesitancy in an elderly patient?

    <p>Oxybutynin’s anticholinergic effects worsen urinary retention, especially in BPH.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which vaccine provides protection against Vibrio cholerae and related enterotoxins, common causes of traveler's diarrhea?

    <p>Cholera Vaccine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is ciprofloxacin not recommended for children with meningitis?

    <p>It has limited penetration into the cerebrospinal fluid and potential cartilage effects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication is LEAST likely to cause significant ocular toxicity?

    <p>Rifamycin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is cephalexin not effective in treating pneumonia caused by H. influenzae?

    <p>Cephalexin has poor activity against H. influenzae.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which class of agents is primarily used to prevent delayed nausea and vomiting in patients?

    <p>5-HT3 antagonists and corticosteroids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How long after returning from a malaria-endemic area should malaria prophylaxis be continued?

    <p>4 weeks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism by which phenol undergoes detoxification in the body?

    <p>Conjugation with glutathione</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the approximate maximum velocity of saccadic eye movements?

    <p>700 degrees/second</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements accurately describes the distribution of rods and cones in the retina?

    <p>Rods outnumber cones by approximately 20:1, with a high concentration of cones in the fovea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What substance is primarily responsible for the viscosity of the vitreous humor?

    <p>Sodium hyaluronate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cranial nerve reflexes are used in the assessment of brain stem death?

    <p>Gag reflex (IX, X) and Pupil reflex (II, III)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary origin of the a-wave in an electroretinogram (ERG)?

    <p>Photoreceptors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    MCQs Bank - MedSparkles

    • Question 1: Which of the following increases with age?

    • Parathyroid hormone

    • Bone mass

    • Total body water is not an answer option

    • Hair growth is not an answer option

    • Question 2: Suitable corticosteroids for diaper rash

    • 0.5% hydrocortisone

    • 0.025% hydrocortisone is not an answer option

    • 0.05% betamethasone is not an answer option

    • Acetamide 0.05% is not an answer option

    • Question 3: Dorzolamide MOA for glaucoma?

    • Decrease outflow from ciliary body

    • Question 4: Last layer of the eye?

    • Sclera

    • Question 5: Woman taking combined OCP, which element shall be monitored after 4 weeks?

    • CL (Chlorine)

    • K (Potassium) is not an answer option

    • NA (Sodium) is not an answer option

    • CA (Calcium) is not an answer option

    MCQs Bank - MedSparkles (page 2)

    • Question 6: A woman wants to stop smoking, she had jaw surgery recently and anorexia nervosa.

    • Bupropion

    • Question 7: Which of the following cause acute hepatitis?

    • Hepatitis A

    • Hepatitis B

    • Hepatitis C is not an answer option

    • None of these is not an answer option

    • Question 8: Patient taking Metformin and Amiodarone; hemoglobin is decreased with high MCV. What's the cause of anemia?

    • Vitamin B12 deficiency

    • Question 9: Which of the following is least causing hypoglycemia?

    • Sitagliptin

    • Question 10: Bacterial vaginosis?

    • Inflammation with mild pain and malodor discharge

    • Question 11: In the body, the N of NO (Nitric Oxide) is taken from?

    • L-Arginine

    MCQs Bank - MedSparkles (page 3)

    • Question 12: Which one of the following is the most basic amino acid?

    • Alanine

    • Question 13: A patient is not willing to take her prescribed Erythromycin because of its GIT side effects.

    • Consider substituting with Azithromycin

    • Question 14: In case of insomnia, a patient was prescribed Sertraline. How long does it take to see the effect?

    • 2-4 weeks

    • Question 15: What are the clinical symptoms of Rhabdomyolysis?

    • Dark Urine

    • Hematuria

    • Edema

    • Joint swelling

    • Question 16: Atrial fibrillation, what to use to decrease heart rate?

    • Diltiazem

    • Digoxin

    MCQs Bank - MedSparkles (page 4)

    • Question 17: Which of the following is used for migraine prophylaxis?

    • Topiramate

    • Question 18: Gingival hyperplasia affects?

    • Gum

    • Question 19: Montelukast MOA?

    • Leukotriene receptor antagonist

    • Question 20: Which of the following does not cause CAP (Community-Acquired Pneumonia)?

    • Chlamydophila pneumonia

    • Question 21: Most teratogenic?

    • Rubella

    • Question 22: Carbonic anhydrase is produced by?

    • Reticulocytes

    MCQs Bank - MedSparkles (page 5)

    • Question 23: Contraception after delivery?

    • Combined OCPs

    • Question 24: Type of vaccine we give at 1 year old and a booster at preschool age (4-5 years)?

    • MMR vaccine

    • Question 25: How to store breast milk?

    • Could be refrigerated for 48 hours

    • Question 26: Where to put vaccines in the fridge shelf and temperature? The thermometers should be placed in the middle of the refrigerator and cooled down to 2–12°C.

    • Question 27: A kid was successfully treated with Amoxicillin for otitis media and got infected again after 3 weeks. What do you recommend?

    • Amoxicillin-clavulanate 10 days

    MCQs Bank - MedSparkles (page 6)

    • Question 28: Who is responsible for hospitals' monitoring and quality in Canada?

    • Health Canada

    • Question 29: Plant/Herbal medicine in Canada is regulated by?

    • Health Canada

    • Question 30: Which program in Canada allows healthcare professionals to access drugs that are not approved for sale for patients with serious or life-threatening conditions?

    • Health Canada Special Access Program (SAP)

    • Question 31: Nail tinea treatment duration?

    • 2 weeks

    • Question 32: Verapamil side effect?

    • Postural hypotension

    • Question 33: A cat scratched a boy. What is the best choice?

    • Amoxicillin

    MCQs Bank - MedSparkles (page 7)

    • Question 34: Which virus causes fetal defect and deafness?

    • Rubella

    • Question 35: Laxative for infant <6 months?

    • PEG

    • Question 36: Indapamide will cause?

    • Hyperuricemia

    • Other questions on the page are not included as they are not numbered.

    MCQs Bank - MedSparkles (page 8)

    • Question 40: Which one is drug of choice for resistant schizophrenia?

    • Clozapine

    • Question 41: Case Study: A 34 year old woman

    • Insulin

    • Question 42: Case Study: A 45-year-old woman

    • 20%-30%

    • Other questions on the page are not included as they are not numbered.

    MCQs Bank - MedSparkles (page 9)

    • Question 43: Case Study: A 30-year-old pregnant woman

    • Oral Fluconazole

    • Question 44: Case Study: A 26-year-old pregnant woman

    • Nitrofurantoin

    • Question 45: Case Study: A 30-year-old man

    • Increased risk of congenital heart defects.

    MCQs Bank - MedSparkles (page 10)

    • Question 46: Insulin degludec pens 200 unit/ml.

    • 4 pens

    • Question 47: At what time should the routine plasma samples for digoxin monitoring be drawn?

    • 6 hours post-dose

    • Question 48: Digoxin dose for 57 kg adult with 15mcg/kg

    • 855 mcg

    • Question 49: A nurse on the ward is being asked

    • 21 drops/minute

    • Question 50: Amoxicillin 500 mg three times daily

    • 64 capsules

    • Other questions on the page are not included as they are not numbered.

    MCQs Bank - MedSparkles (page 11)

    • Question 51: The pharmacist received a prescription to extemporaneously

    • 2 tablets

    • Question 52: Which of the following is related to drug abuse?

    • Fentanyl

    • Question 53: The medicine which should not be manipulated by bare hands

    • Chlorpromazine

    • Question 54: Pharmacy has a new system called Monitor Dosage System.

    • Methotrexate

    • Question 55: A pediatric patient

    • Wrong dose

    • Other questions on the page are not included as they are not numbered.

    MCQs Bank - MedSparkles (page 12)

    • Question 56: Case Study: A 50-year-old woman named Linda Carter

    • Tamoxifen

    • Question 57: Case Study, A 28-year-old woman named Jessica Green

    • Folic acid

    • Question 58: Case Study: A 52-year-old woman named Karen Davis

    • Estrogen

    • Other questions on the page are not included as they are not numbered.

    MCQs Bank - MedSparkles (page 13-16): Contains no numbered questions

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    MEDSPARKLES MCQs Bank PDF

    Description

    Test your knowledge on key pharmacology concepts, including functional groups, drug treatments, and mechanisms. This quiz covers important topics such as carbon monoxide poisoning, benzodiazepine overdoses, and drug characteristics affecting lactation. Join to see how well you understand pharmacological principles!

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