Pharmacology Quiz: Drug Effects and Interactions

Questions and Answers

What is the primary use of Metoclopramide?

Pain relief

Prevents airway edema

Treat Parkinson's disease

Helps empty the stomach (correct)

Tardive dyskinesia is the most serious side effect of the medication Metoclopramide.

True

What type of medication is Montelukast and what is its mechanism of action?

Leukotriene modifier; it prevents airway edema and inflammation.

Cyclooxygenase is blocked to control pain and prostaglandins by ______.

NSAIDs Signup and view all the answers

Match the medications with their primary use:

Ondansetron = Antiemetic Finasteride = Enlarged prostate treatment Loperamide = Antidiarrheal Ipratropium = Bronchodilation Signup and view all the answers

Which medication should be avoided in patients allergic to soybeans?

Ipratropium Signup and view all the answers

Sulfamethoxazole is safe for use in pregnant women without any concerns.

False Signup and view all the answers

The order of pharmacokinetics is ______, distribution, metabolism, excretion.

absorption Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is used to treat fungal infections and is available in various forms including cream and oral?

Nystatin Signup and view all the answers

Adverse effects can include hives, severe rash, and anaphylaxis.

True Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of naloxone?

To treat opiate overdose Signup and view all the answers

This medication is known to treat gout and may take 1-3 weeks to lower uric acid levels: ________

Allopurinol Signup and view all the answers

Which medication may have its effectiveness decreased by steroid use and is classified as an NSAID?

Aspirin Signup and view all the answers

Match the medication with its description:

Theophylline = Used for asthma Ciprofloxacin = Antibiotic used to treat anthrax Omeprazole = Treats peptic ulcer disease Oxytocin = Used to stimulate labor Signup and view all the answers

Lactated Ringers is an isotonic solution that can cause major shifts between compartments.

False Signup and view all the answers

What common side effects are associated with theophylline use?

Tachycardia, hypertension, palpitations, tremors, nervousness, insomnia Signup and view all the answers

What is a common adverse effect of antibiotics?

Foul smelling diarrhea Signup and view all the answers

Sildenafil is contraindicated with the concurrent use of nitroglycerin.

True Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of a loading dose?

To rapidly achieve therapeutic concentration in the body Signup and view all the answers

The process of eliminating a substance from the body is called ___.

excretion Signup and view all the answers

Match the following medications to their primary use:

Vancomycin = Treats MRSA Fluticasone = Long acting inhaled corticosteroid Codeine = Cough suppressant Ibuprofen = Pain relief and anti-inflammatory Signup and view all the answers

Which medication is used for UTI treatment?

Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole Signup and view all the answers

Psyllium increases peristalsis in the gastrointestinal tract.

False Signup and view all the answers

What does TPN stand for?

Total Parenteral Nutrition Signup and view all the answers

The process of moving a substance from a site of administration to circulating body fluids is called ___.

absorption Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following medications requires monitoring for renal function due to nephrotoxicity?

Vancomycin Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Side Effects and Conditions

Nausea and itching are manageable side effects.
End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) decreases drug excretion, increasing drug toxicity risk.
Adverse effects can include hives, severe rash, and anaphylaxis.
Antibiotics can cause foul-smelling diarrhea and reduce effectiveness of Estradiol.

Medications and Treatments

Lactated Ringer's is a crystalloid isotonic fluid that won’t cause significant compartment shifts.
Nystatin treats fungal infections and is available in multiple forms such as capsules and creams.
Theophylline is used for asthma management; side effects include tachycardia and tremors.
Ciproflaxacin, an antibiotic effective against anthrax, should be taken with or without food and avoid antacids.
Albuterol is a short-acting beta agonist for acute bronchospasms with rapid onset relief.

Drug Mechanisms and Effects

Aspirin, an NSAID, effectiveness is reduced by steroids.
Potassium should be delivered intravenously at specific rates and concentrations.
Naloxone is the treatment for opiate overdose, with respiratory depression as the first sign.
Metronidazole side effects include GI upset and dry mouth.
Fluticasone, a long-acting corticosteroid, may cause oral candidiasis and requires mouth rinsing afterward.

Pharmacokinetics and Administration

Pharmacokinetics encompasses absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion.
First pass effect refers to drug metabolism in the liver before systemic circulation.
A loading dose achieves therapeutic concentration rapidly.
Medications like intravenous valproate require monitoring for renal function due to nephrotoxicity concerns.

Special Considerations

Avoid oral medications if bowel sounds are absent.
Ipratropium is contraindicated for individuals allergic to soy or peanuts.
Montelukast, a leukotriene modifier, has a rare but serious side effect of suicidal thoughts.
Finasteride promotes prostate shrinkage within 6-12 months; lack of change prompts further evaluation.

Miscellaneous Facts

Antiretrovirals are used for HIV treatment, employing 2-3 medications to prevent resistance.
Bacteriostatic medications prevent bacterial growth while bactericidal kills bacteria.
Ondansetron is used as an antiemetic given prior to triggers.
Tricyclic antidepressants may have multiple side effects and are second-line treatments.
Codeine acts as a CNS depressant and can lead to concerns when combined with other opioids.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Description

Test your knowledge on the effects and interactions of various medications including Morphine and Antibiotics. This quiz covers key pharmacological principles such as vasodilatation, adverse effects, and dietary recommendations. Understand the implications of concurrent use with CNS depressants and other critical factors in medication management.