Questions and Answers
Which of the following medications should the nurse prepare to administer?
What laboratory values should the nurse monitor for a therapeutic effect of warfarin?
Prothrombin time (PT)
Which food is the best source of potassium for a client who takes furosemide?
bananas
Which findings should the nurse expect in a client with acute cocaine toxicity? (Select all that apply)
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What adverse reaction should the nurse monitor for in a client taking propranolol?
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What should the nurse do before administering phenytoin suspension to a child?
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What action by a new nurse caring for a client receiving a transfusion requires intervention?
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Which IV solution should the nurse use to prime blood administration tubing?
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What allergic response should the nurse prepare for by administering diphenhydramine?
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What medication should the nurse plan to administer with a serum potassium level of 5.3 mEq/L?
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Why are both anticoagulants warfarin and heparin necessary for a client?
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What should the nurse evaluate before administering digoxin?
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What should a client with a new prescription for lithium be taught regarding discharge?
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How should ferrous sulfate liquid be taken to enhance absorption?
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What action should the nurse perform first in case of dyspnea and tongue swelling after penicillin G procaine injection?
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What instruction should be given for taking SL nitroglycerin tablets?
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What dietary instruction should be given for a client with a new prescription for verapamil?
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What findings indicate fluid volume excess in an older adult client receiving IV therapy? (Select all that apply)
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What is the priority intervention for a child experiencing status asthmaticus?
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To obtain an accurate gentamicin serum level, when should the trough and peak levels be drawn?
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What statement indicates a client understands their angina pectoris treatment with nitroglycerin?
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What action should be taken when a client who is 6 weeks of gestation reports taking feverfew?
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What action should the nurse take before administering digoxin to a client with atrial fibrillation?
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What factor is of primary consideration when determining the schedule of administration for multiple medications?
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Calculate the mL/hr for heparin IV infusion at 1,200 units/hr with 25,000 units in 500 mL D5W.
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What should the nurse check when a client on methotrexate reports bleeding gums?
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What explanation should be provided before administering cyclobenzaprine for a fractured ulna?
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What storage instruction should be given for nystatin suspension?
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For which of the following client statements should the nurse consider administering alprazolam?
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At which time should the nurse perform the final check before administering medication?
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Which adverse effect of cisplatin should the nurse include in the teaching?
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Which of the following client symptoms may indicate tardive dyskinesia?
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What medication is contraindicated when taking sildenafil?
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What should the nurse do first after realizing a medication was given to the wrong client?
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Which menu item requires intervention for a client on a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI)?
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Which medication should be prepared for a client withdrawing from opioids?
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What should the nurse say to a client who states they just took an entire bottle of amitriptyline?
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Which medication should the nurse anticipate administering to a newborn with respiratory depression?
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What should be checked when a client receiving cisplatin reports fatigue?
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Which statement indicates the client understands the chemotherapy teaching?
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What manifestation indicates a client is hypokalemic?
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What finding indicates a therapeutic effect of dopamine in treating left ventricular failure?
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What should the nurse include in the teaching about cyclobenzaprine?
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What is the priority assessment before administering meperidine?
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Which adverse effect should the nurse monitor for when administering verapamil?
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What instruction should be included for a client with a new prescription for clopidogrel?
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What should the nurse say to a client concerned about a new-looking pill?
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Which prescription requires clarification for a client with acute heart failure?
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What finding is a priority to report for a client on lisinopril?
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What instruction should be included for a client taking alprazolam for insomnia?
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What indicates a therapeutic response to epinephrine after administration?
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What medication should be prepared for a client on warfarin therapy with an INR of 5.2?
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What prescription should the nurse anticipate for a postoperative hip arthroplasty client?
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What information should the nurse provide about oral acetylcysteine?
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For which condition is pseudoephedrine contraindicated?
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What medication should the nurse plan for a client with increasing intracranial pressure?
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How many gtt/min should the nurse set for Ringer's lactate IV at 120 mL/hr?
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How many mL of diphenhydramine elixir should the nurse administer for 25 mg?
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What is a manifestation of digoxin toxicity?
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What health promotion goal should be included for a client who smokes and has hypertension?
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Match the actions for a client with a hoarse voice and swollen lips after administering losartan:
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What should be included in teaching for a client on disulfiram?
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What finding should the nurse investigate further for a client on metoprolol?
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What symptoms should a client with chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy report?
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What manifestation indicates an acute hemolytic reaction during a blood transfusion?
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What should the nurse say to a client experiencing a headache after nitroglycerin?
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What condition might the nurse suspect for a client with shortness of breath and swelling in lower extremities?
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What dietary element should a client on lithium ensure adequate intake of?
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What condition is a client with agranulocytosis at increased risk for?
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What finding should prompt the nurse to withhold atenolol?
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What statement indicates the need for further teaching for a client on warfarin?
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What IV solution should the nurse use to prime blood administration tubing?
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What action should the nurse take with expired medication?
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What medication is expected for a client with prostate cancer?
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What technique should be used when administering heparin subcutaneously?
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What should the nurse plan to administer after phenytoin IV injection?
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What laboratory value should be monitored for a client receiving furosemide?
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What should the nurse provide information on for a client receiving fluphenazine?
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What assessment indicates circulatory overload for a client after RBC transfusion?
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What adverse effect should be instructed for rifampin therapy?
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What adverse effect of diphenhydramine should the nurse explain to clients?
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What finding in history should be reported for a client on propranolol?
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Study Notes
Schizophrenia and Anxiety Management
- Alprazolam 0.25 mg can be administered for anxiety when the client reports symptoms like a pounding heart.
Medication Administration
- Final medication checks should occur at the client’s bedside right before administration.
Adverse Effects Knowledge
- Teaching about cisplatin should include tinnitus as a significant adverse effect.
Tardive Dyskinesia Indicators
- Signs include tongue thrusting, lip smacking, facial grimacing, eye blinking, pelvic rocking, and hip thrusting movements, indicating potential tardive dyskinesia from haloperidol.
Sildenafil Contraindications
- Isosorbide is a contraindication for clients requesting sildenafil for erectile dysfunction.
Medication Error Response
- Upon administering nifedipine to the wrong client, the first step is to check the client’s vital signs.
MAOI Dietary Restrictions
- Bologna sandwiches require intervention for clients taking monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs).
Opioid Withdrawal Treatment
- Methadone is the medication of choice for clients withdrawing from opioids.
Crisis Intervention
- If a client reports an amitriptyline overdose, the nurse should arrange for emergency medical assistance.
Neonatal Respiratory Management
- Naloxone is anticipated for newborns experiencing respiratory depression.
Monitoring during Chemotherapy
- Clients on cisplatin should have their CBC results monitored when fatigue is reported.
Breast Cancer Chemotherapy Education
- Clients should be advised to report any unusual menstrual bleeding during chemotherapy.
Diuretic Assessment
- Symptoms of hypokalemia include fatigue for clients on daily diuretics.
Dopamine Therapeutic Effects
- Increased systolic blood pressure indicates a therapeutic response to dopamine in treating left ventricular failure.
Cyclobenzaprine Use
- Patients should be instructed to avoid driving until they are aware of how cyclobenzaprine affects them.
Meperidine Injection Priorities
- Assessing the respiratory rate is crucial before administering an intramuscular injection of meperidine.
IV Verapamil Administration
- Blood pressure should be monitored for hypotension when administering verapamil for cardiac dysrhythmias.
Pre-Surgery Clopidogrel Instructions
- Clients should plan to stop clopidogrel five days prior to any scheduled surgeries.
Identifying Medication Errors
- When a client expresses concern about a different-appearing medication, the nurse should ask for a description of the pill.
Clarification of Medical Orders
- Clarification is needed if normal saline is prescribed for a client with acute heart failure.
Hypertension Management with Lisinopril
- A dry cough is a concerning side effect of lisinopril therapy.
Alprazolam and Alertness
- Clients using alprazolam should avoid activities requiring alertness, such as driving.
Therapeutic Response to Epinephrine
- Unlabored respirations indicate a therapeutic response after receiving epinephrine for angioedema.
Warfarin Therapy Management
- Vitamin K should be administered when a client on warfarin has an INR of 5.2.
Postoperative Medication Needs
- Expect prescriptions for enoxaparin for clients after hip arthroplasty.
Acetylcysteine Instruction
- Inform clients that oral acetylcysteine has an unusual odor.
Pseudoephedrine Contraindications
- Pseudoephedrine should not be used by clients with hypertension.
Medication for Increased ICP
- Mannitol 25% is indicated for clients with signs of increasing intracranial pressure.
IV Infusion Rate Calculation
- For a continuous IV infusion of Ringer's lactate at 120 mL/hr, set the rate to 120 gtt/min using 60 gtt/mL tubing.
Child Dosage Calculation for Diphenhydramine
- Administer 10 mL of diphenhydramine elixir at 12.5 mg/5 mL for a 25 mg dosage.
Digoxin Toxicity Signs
- Anorexia is a key indicator of digoxin toxicity.
Health Promotion in Smoking Clients
- Goal: Increase physical activity to 30 minutes, 5 days a week for clients who smoke and have hypertension.
Emergency Procedures for Allergic Reactions
- Conduct a thorough airway assessment, call emergency services, apply oxygen, initiate IV access, and administer epinephrine and antihistamines in that order for severe reactions.
Disulfiram Patient Education
- It’s critical clients understand they should not drink alcohol while taking disulfiram.
Assessing Heart Failure Medication History
- Investigate any history of left-sided heart failure for clients starting metoprolol.
Monitoring Chemotherapy Effects
- Clients with peripheral neuropathy may describe a tingling sensation in their extremities.
Acute Hemolytic Reaction Signs
- Symptoms such as low back pain may indicate an acute hemolytic reaction during blood transfusion.
Nitroglycerin Therapeutic Effects
- A headache following sublingual nitroglycerin administration is considered a normal side effect and not a cause for alarm.
Hypervolemia Signs in Renal Clients
- Symptoms like shortness of breath and crackles in the lungs may suggest hypervolemia in clients with end-stage kidney disease.
Lithium Dietary Consideration
- Clients prescribed lithium should ensure adequate sodium intake.
Risk of Infection with Agranulocytosis
- Agranulocytosis as a side effect of propylthiouracil increases susceptibility to infections.
Atenolol Administration Caution
- A heart rate of 46/min should lead to withholding atenolol.
Warfarin Patient Teaching
- Advise clients to avoid ginger root due to its interaction with warfarin.
Blood Transfusion priming Solutions
- Use 0.9% sodium chloride for priming blood administration tubing.
Expired Medication Protocol
- Expired medications should be returned to the pharmacy for disposal.
Prostate Cancer Medication
- Leuprolide is commonly prescribed for clients with prostate cancer.
Heparin Administration Technique
- Aseptic technique is essential when administering subcutaneous heparin for deep vein thrombosis.
Post-Injection Protocol for Phenytoin
- A saline flush should be administered following an IV injection of phenytoin.
Furosemide Potassium Monitoring
- The nurse should monitor potassium levels in clients receiving furosemide.
Schizophrenia Medication Education
- Clients taking fluphenazine should be informed that sleepiness is typical and should resolve within a week.
Circulatory Overload Assessment
- Dyspnea may indicate circulatory overload for clients receiving transfusions of packed RBCs.
Rifampin Adverse Effects
- Body secretions turning a red-orange color is a known side effect of rifampin therapy for tuberculosis.
Fall Risk Factors in Older Adults
- The use of alprazolam may contribute to increased fall risk in older adults.
Purpose of Pancuronium
- Pancuronium is utilized to suppress respiratory effort in patients needing mechanical ventilation.
Post-Nitroglycerin Administration
- If pain relief occurs but still persists, the nurse should administer another nitroglycerin tablet.
Potassium Chloride Administration Instruction
- Clients should swallow extended-release potassium chloride tablets whole for safe ingestion.
Monitoring for Fluid Overload During Transfusion
- Signs such as dyspnea, jugular vein distention, and confusion should be monitored to prevent fluid overload during blood transfusion.
Warfarin Contraindications Education
- Educate clients on the risks of warfarin during pregnancy.
Monitoring Epoetin Alfa Effectiveness
- Review hematocrit levels for indications of therapeutic effects while on epoetin alfa therapy.
Methotrexate Instructions
- Patients should refrain from alcohol consumption, report unexplained bruising, and avoid crowded spaces while taking methotrexate.### Sodium Chloride
- 0.9% sodium chloride is an isotonic saline solution commonly used for intravenous therapy or as a diluent for medications.
Allergic Reactions and Transfusions
- Administer diphenhydramine before transfusion for patients with a history of urticaria during previous transfusions.
Potassium Levels
- A serum potassium level of 5.3 mEq/L requires administration of furosemide to help manage potassium levels.
Anticoagulant Therapy
- Heparin and warfarin can be prescribed simultaneously; warfarin takes days to reach therapeutic levels, necessitating heparin for immediate anticoagulation.
Digoxin Administration
- Evaluate for symptoms of nausea, vomiting, and anorexia before administering digoxin in patients with heart failure to ensure safe dosage.
Lithium Management
- Clients prescribed lithium should be instructed to monitor daily weight to detect water retention or signs of toxicity.
Iron Supplementation
- Ferrous sulfate should be taken with orange juice to enhance iron absorption due to the vitamin C content.
Anaphylaxis Response
- In case of dyspnea and tongue swelling after penicillin injection, administer epinephrine subcutaneously as the first action.
Angina Treatment
- For angina pectoris, instruct clients to take nitroglycerin tablet at the first sign of chest pain.
Dietary Considerations for Angina
- Advise clients on verapamil to increase dietary fiber intake to prevent constipation, a common side effect.
Fluid Volume Excess Indicators
- Signs of fluid volume excess include a bounding pulse, pitting edema, and crackles upon auscultation.
Asthma Management
- Administer a short-acting ß2-agonist (SABA) as the priority intervention for a child experiencing status asthmaticus.
Gentamicin Administration
- For accurate gentamicin serum levels, draw a trough level before the next dose and a peak level 30 minutes after administration.
Emergency Response for Angina
- If one nitroglycerin tablet does not relieve chest pain, call 911 and take up to two more tablets five minutes apart while waiting.
Herbal Supplement Caution
- Advise pregnant clients against taking feverfew, an herb that may pose risks during pregnancy.
Apical Pulse Measurement
- Before administering digoxin, measure the client’s apical pulse to ensure it is within safe limits.
Medication Administration Schedule
- Consider specific characteristics of medications when determining their administration schedule.
Heparin Infusion Calculation
- For a heparin continuous IV infusion of 1,200 units/hr, set the IV pump to deliver 24 mL/hr.
Platelet Count Monitoring
- For clients on methotrexate presenting with bleeding gums, check the current platelet count to assess bleeding risk.
Cyclobenzaprine Use
- Explain that cyclobenzaprine is prescribed to relieve muscle spasms associated with fractures.
Nystatin Storage Instructions
- Nystatin suspension should be stored at room temperature to maintain its effectiveness.
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Prepare for the Pharmacology Proctored ATI Exam with these flashcards. Each card presents a scenario involving medication administration and patient assessment, helping to reinforce critical nursing concepts. This resource is essential for nursing students looking to excel in their pharmacology knowledge.