Pharmacology Proctored ATI Exam Flashcards

Questions and Answers

Which of the following medications should the nurse prepare to administer?

Vitamin K (correct)

Furosemide

Propranolol

Warfarin

What laboratory values should the nurse monitor for a therapeutic effect of warfarin?

Prothrombin time (PT)

Which food is the best source of potassium for a client who takes furosemide?

bananas

Which findings should the nurse expect in a client with acute cocaine toxicity? (Select all that apply)

Fever Signup and view all the answers

What adverse reaction should the nurse monitor for in a client taking propranolol?

Postural hypotension Signup and view all the answers

What should the nurse do before administering phenytoin suspension to a child?

Shake the container vigorously Signup and view all the answers

What action by a new nurse caring for a client receiving a transfusion requires intervention?

The nurse starts the transfusion of another unit of blood product. Signup and view all the answers

Which IV solution should the nurse use to prime blood administration tubing?

0.9% sodium chloride Signup and view all the answers

What allergic response should the nurse prepare for by administering diphenhydramine?

Urticaria Signup and view all the answers

What medication should the nurse plan to administer with a serum potassium level of 5.3 mEq/L?

furosemide Signup and view all the answers

Why are both anticoagulants warfarin and heparin necessary for a client?

Warfarin takes several days to work, so the IV heparin will be used until the warfarin reaches a therapeutic level. Signup and view all the answers

What should the nurse evaluate before administering digoxin?

Evaluating the client for nausea, vomiting, and anorexia Signup and view all the answers

What should a client with a new prescription for lithium be taught regarding discharge?

Obtain a daily weight. Signup and view all the answers

How should ferrous sulfate liquid be taken to enhance absorption?

Take the medication with orange juice. Signup and view all the answers

What action should the nurse perform first in case of dyspnea and tongue swelling after penicillin G procaine injection?

Administer epinephrine subcutaneously. Signup and view all the answers

What instruction should be given for taking SL nitroglycerin tablets?

Take one tablet at the first indication of chest pain. Signup and view all the answers

What dietary instruction should be given for a client with a new prescription for verapamil?

Increase your daily intake of dietary fiber. Signup and view all the answers

What findings indicate fluid volume excess in an older adult client receiving IV therapy? (Select all that apply)

Pitting edema Signup and view all the answers

What is the priority intervention for a child experiencing status asthmaticus?

Administer a short-acting ß2-agonist (SABA). Signup and view all the answers

To obtain an accurate gentamicin serum level, when should the trough and peak levels be drawn?

Draw a trough level immediately prior to administering the medication and a peak level 30 minutes after the dose. Signup and view all the answers

What statement indicates a client understands their angina pectoris treatment with nitroglycerin?

I'll dial 911 if 1 nitroglycerin tablet does not relieve my pain, and then take up to 2 more tablets 5 minutes apart while waiting. Signup and view all the answers

What action should be taken when a client who is 6 weeks of gestation reports taking feverfew?

Explain to the client that she should not take this herb while she is pregnant. Signup and view all the answers

What action should the nurse take before administering digoxin to a client with atrial fibrillation?

Measure the client's apical pulse. Signup and view all the answers

What factor is of primary consideration when determining the schedule of administration for multiple medications?

Specific characteristics of the medications. Signup and view all the answers

Calculate the mL/hr for heparin IV infusion at 1,200 units/hr with 25,000 units in 500 mL D5W.

24 Signup and view all the answers

What should the nurse check when a client on methotrexate reports bleeding gums?

Check the value of the client's current platelet count. Signup and view all the answers

What explanation should be provided before administering cyclobenzaprine for a fractured ulna?

The medication will relieve muscle spasms that might occur with a fracture. Signup and view all the answers

What storage instruction should be given for nystatin suspension?

I will store the medication at room temperature. Signup and view all the answers

For which of the following client statements should the nurse consider administering alprazolam?

My heart is pounding out of my chest. Signup and view all the answers

At which time should the nurse perform the final check before administering medication?

At the client's bedside before administration Signup and view all the answers

Which adverse effect of cisplatin should the nurse include in the teaching?

Tinnitus Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following client symptoms may indicate tardive dyskinesia?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What medication is contraindicated when taking sildenafil?

Isosorbide Signup and view all the answers

What should the nurse do first after realizing a medication was given to the wrong client?

Check the client's vital signs. Signup and view all the answers

Which menu item requires intervention for a client on a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI)?

Bologna sandwich Signup and view all the answers

Which medication should be prepared for a client withdrawing from opioids?

Methadone Signup and view all the answers

What should the nurse say to a client who states they just took an entire bottle of amitriptyline?

I'm glad you called, and I want to send an ambulance to help you. Signup and view all the answers

Which medication should the nurse anticipate administering to a newborn with respiratory depression?

Naloxone Signup and view all the answers

What should be checked when a client receiving cisplatin reports fatigue?

Check the results of the client's most recent CBC. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement indicates the client understands the chemotherapy teaching?

I'll call my doctor if I notice any unusual menstrual bleeding. Signup and view all the answers

What manifestation indicates a client is hypokalemic?

Fatigue Signup and view all the answers

What finding indicates a therapeutic effect of dopamine in treating left ventricular failure?

Systolic blood pressure is increased Signup and view all the answers

What should the nurse include in the teaching about cyclobenzaprine?

Avoid driving until effects are known. Signup and view all the answers

What is the priority assessment before administering meperidine?

Respiratory rate Signup and view all the answers

Which adverse effect should the nurse monitor for when administering verapamil?

Hypotension Signup and view all the answers

What instruction should be included for a client with a new prescription for clopidogrel?

You might have to stop taking this medication 5 days before any planned surgeries. Signup and view all the answers

What should the nurse say to a client concerned about a new-looking pill?

Describe what the pill looks like. Signup and view all the answers

Which prescription requires clarification for a client with acute heart failure?

0.9% normal saline IV at 50 mL/hr continuous Signup and view all the answers

What finding is a priority to report for a client on lisinopril?

Dry cough Signup and view all the answers

What instruction should be included for a client taking alprazolam for insomnia?

Avoid activities that require alertness such as driving. Signup and view all the answers

What indicates a therapeutic response to epinephrine after administration?

Respirations are unlabored. Signup and view all the answers

What medication should be prepared for a client on warfarin therapy with an INR of 5.2?

Vitamin K Signup and view all the answers

What prescription should the nurse anticipate for a postoperative hip arthroplasty client?

Enoxaparin Signup and view all the answers

What information should the nurse provide about oral acetylcysteine?

This medication has a very unusual odor. Signup and view all the answers

For which condition is pseudoephedrine contraindicated?

Hypertension Signup and view all the answers

What medication should the nurse plan for a client with increasing intracranial pressure?

Mannitol 25% Signup and view all the answers

How many gtt/min should the nurse set for Ringer's lactate IV at 120 mL/hr?

120 Signup and view all the answers

How many mL of diphenhydramine elixir should the nurse administer for 25 mg?

10 Signup and view all the answers

What is a manifestation of digoxin toxicity?

Anorexia Signup and view all the answers

What health promotion goal should be included for a client who smokes and has hypertension?

The client will walk for 30 min 5 days a week. Signup and view all the answers

Match the actions for a client with a hoarse voice and swollen lips after administering losartan:

Assess the client's airway = First action Call the emergency response team = Second action Apply high flow oxygen = Third action Initiate IV access = Fourth action Administer IV epinephrine = Fifth action Administer IV antihistamines = Sixth action Signup and view all the answers

What should be included in teaching for a client on disulfiram?

Do not drink alcohol while taking this medication. Signup and view all the answers

What finding should the nurse investigate further for a client on metoprolol?

A history of left-sided heart failure Signup and view all the answers

What symptoms should a client with chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy report?

Tingling feeling in the extremities Signup and view all the answers

What manifestation indicates an acute hemolytic reaction during a blood transfusion?

Client report of low back pain Signup and view all the answers

What should the nurse say to a client experiencing a headache after nitroglycerin?

A headache is an expected adverse effect of the medication. Signup and view all the answers

What condition might the nurse suspect for a client with shortness of breath and swelling in lower extremities?

Hypervolemia Signup and view all the answers

What dietary element should a client on lithium ensure adequate intake of?

Sodium Signup and view all the answers

What condition is a client with agranulocytosis at increased risk for?

Infection Signup and view all the answers

What finding should prompt the nurse to withhold atenolol?

Heart rate 46/min Signup and view all the answers

What statement indicates the need for further teaching for a client on warfarin?

I have started taking ginger root to treat my joint stiffness. Signup and view all the answers

What IV solution should the nurse use to prime blood administration tubing?

0.9% sodium chloride Signup and view all the answers

What action should the nurse take with expired medication?

Return the medication to the pharmacy. Signup and view all the answers

What medication is expected for a client with prostate cancer?

Leuprolide Signup and view all the answers

What technique should be used when administering heparin subcutaneously?

Cleanse the skin with an alcohol swab, insert the needle, inject the heparin, and observe for bleeding. Signup and view all the answers

What should the nurse plan to administer after phenytoin IV injection?

Administer a saline solution after injection. Signup and view all the answers

What laboratory value should be monitored for a client receiving furosemide?

Potassium Signup and view all the answers

What should the nurse provide information on for a client receiving fluphenazine?

Sleepiness should subside within a week. Signup and view all the answers

What assessment indicates circulatory overload for a client after RBC transfusion?

Dyspnea Signup and view all the answers

What adverse effect should be instructed for rifampin therapy?

Body secretions turning a red-orange color Signup and view all the answers

What adverse effect of diphenhydramine should the nurse explain to clients?

Sedation Signup and view all the answers

What finding in history should be reported for a client on propranolol?

The client has a history of bronchial asthma. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Schizophrenia and Anxiety Management

Alprazolam 0.25 mg can be administered for anxiety when the client reports symptoms like a pounding heart.

Medication Administration

Final medication checks should occur at the client’s bedside right before administration.

Adverse Effects Knowledge

Teaching about cisplatin should include tinnitus as a significant adverse effect.

Tardive Dyskinesia Indicators

Signs include tongue thrusting, lip smacking, facial grimacing, eye blinking, pelvic rocking, and hip thrusting movements, indicating potential tardive dyskinesia from haloperidol.

Sildenafil Contraindications

Isosorbide is a contraindication for clients requesting sildenafil for erectile dysfunction.

Medication Error Response

Upon administering nifedipine to the wrong client, the first step is to check the client’s vital signs.

MAOI Dietary Restrictions

Bologna sandwiches require intervention for clients taking monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs).

Opioid Withdrawal Treatment

Methadone is the medication of choice for clients withdrawing from opioids.

Crisis Intervention

If a client reports an amitriptyline overdose, the nurse should arrange for emergency medical assistance.

Neonatal Respiratory Management

Naloxone is anticipated for newborns experiencing respiratory depression.

Monitoring during Chemotherapy

Clients on cisplatin should have their CBC results monitored when fatigue is reported.

Breast Cancer Chemotherapy Education

Clients should be advised to report any unusual menstrual bleeding during chemotherapy.

Diuretic Assessment

Symptoms of hypokalemia include fatigue for clients on daily diuretics.

Dopamine Therapeutic Effects

Increased systolic blood pressure indicates a therapeutic response to dopamine in treating left ventricular failure.

Cyclobenzaprine Use

Patients should be instructed to avoid driving until they are aware of how cyclobenzaprine affects them.

Meperidine Injection Priorities

Assessing the respiratory rate is crucial before administering an intramuscular injection of meperidine.

IV Verapamil Administration

Blood pressure should be monitored for hypotension when administering verapamil for cardiac dysrhythmias.

Pre-Surgery Clopidogrel Instructions

Clients should plan to stop clopidogrel five days prior to any scheduled surgeries.

Identifying Medication Errors

When a client expresses concern about a different-appearing medication, the nurse should ask for a description of the pill.

Clarification of Medical Orders

Clarification is needed if normal saline is prescribed for a client with acute heart failure.

Hypertension Management with Lisinopril

A dry cough is a concerning side effect of lisinopril therapy.

Alprazolam and Alertness

Clients using alprazolam should avoid activities requiring alertness, such as driving.

Therapeutic Response to Epinephrine

Unlabored respirations indicate a therapeutic response after receiving epinephrine for angioedema.

Warfarin Therapy Management

Vitamin K should be administered when a client on warfarin has an INR of 5.2.

Postoperative Medication Needs

Expect prescriptions for enoxaparin for clients after hip arthroplasty.

Acetylcysteine Instruction

Inform clients that oral acetylcysteine has an unusual odor.

Pseudoephedrine Contraindications

Pseudoephedrine should not be used by clients with hypertension.

Medication for Increased ICP

Mannitol 25% is indicated for clients with signs of increasing intracranial pressure.

IV Infusion Rate Calculation

For a continuous IV infusion of Ringer's lactate at 120 mL/hr, set the rate to 120 gtt/min using 60 gtt/mL tubing.

Child Dosage Calculation for Diphenhydramine

Administer 10 mL of diphenhydramine elixir at 12.5 mg/5 mL for a 25 mg dosage.

Digoxin Toxicity Signs

Anorexia is a key indicator of digoxin toxicity.

Health Promotion in Smoking Clients

Goal: Increase physical activity to 30 minutes, 5 days a week for clients who smoke and have hypertension.

Emergency Procedures for Allergic Reactions

Conduct a thorough airway assessment, call emergency services, apply oxygen, initiate IV access, and administer epinephrine and antihistamines in that order for severe reactions.

Disulfiram Patient Education

It’s critical clients understand they should not drink alcohol while taking disulfiram.

Assessing Heart Failure Medication History

Investigate any history of left-sided heart failure for clients starting metoprolol.

Monitoring Chemotherapy Effects

Clients with peripheral neuropathy may describe a tingling sensation in their extremities.

Acute Hemolytic Reaction Signs

Symptoms such as low back pain may indicate an acute hemolytic reaction during blood transfusion.

Nitroglycerin Therapeutic Effects

A headache following sublingual nitroglycerin administration is considered a normal side effect and not a cause for alarm.

Hypervolemia Signs in Renal Clients

Symptoms like shortness of breath and crackles in the lungs may suggest hypervolemia in clients with end-stage kidney disease.

Lithium Dietary Consideration

Clients prescribed lithium should ensure adequate sodium intake.

Risk of Infection with Agranulocytosis

Agranulocytosis as a side effect of propylthiouracil increases susceptibility to infections.

Atenolol Administration Caution

A heart rate of 46/min should lead to withholding atenolol.

Warfarin Patient Teaching

Advise clients to avoid ginger root due to its interaction with warfarin.

Blood Transfusion priming Solutions

Use 0.9% sodium chloride for priming blood administration tubing.

Expired Medication Protocol

Expired medications should be returned to the pharmacy for disposal.

Prostate Cancer Medication

Leuprolide is commonly prescribed for clients with prostate cancer.

Heparin Administration Technique

Aseptic technique is essential when administering subcutaneous heparin for deep vein thrombosis.

Post-Injection Protocol for Phenytoin

A saline flush should be administered following an IV injection of phenytoin.

Furosemide Potassium Monitoring

The nurse should monitor potassium levels in clients receiving furosemide.

Schizophrenia Medication Education

Clients taking fluphenazine should be informed that sleepiness is typical and should resolve within a week.

Circulatory Overload Assessment

Dyspnea may indicate circulatory overload for clients receiving transfusions of packed RBCs.

Rifampin Adverse Effects

Body secretions turning a red-orange color is a known side effect of rifampin therapy for tuberculosis.

Fall Risk Factors in Older Adults

The use of alprazolam may contribute to increased fall risk in older adults.

Purpose of Pancuronium

Pancuronium is utilized to suppress respiratory effort in patients needing mechanical ventilation.

Post-Nitroglycerin Administration

If pain relief occurs but still persists, the nurse should administer another nitroglycerin tablet.

Potassium Chloride Administration Instruction

Clients should swallow extended-release potassium chloride tablets whole for safe ingestion.

Monitoring for Fluid Overload During Transfusion

Signs such as dyspnea, jugular vein distention, and confusion should be monitored to prevent fluid overload during blood transfusion.

Warfarin Contraindications Education

Educate clients on the risks of warfarin during pregnancy.

Monitoring Epoetin Alfa Effectiveness

Review hematocrit levels for indications of therapeutic effects while on epoetin alfa therapy.

Methotrexate Instructions

Patients should refrain from alcohol consumption, report unexplained bruising, and avoid crowded spaces while taking methotrexate.### Sodium Chloride
0.9% sodium chloride is an isotonic saline solution commonly used for intravenous therapy or as a diluent for medications.

Allergic Reactions and Transfusions

Administer diphenhydramine before transfusion for patients with a history of urticaria during previous transfusions.

Potassium Levels

A serum potassium level of 5.3 mEq/L requires administration of furosemide to help manage potassium levels.

Anticoagulant Therapy

Heparin and warfarin can be prescribed simultaneously; warfarin takes days to reach therapeutic levels, necessitating heparin for immediate anticoagulation.

Digoxin Administration

Evaluate for symptoms of nausea, vomiting, and anorexia before administering digoxin in patients with heart failure to ensure safe dosage.

Lithium Management

Clients prescribed lithium should be instructed to monitor daily weight to detect water retention or signs of toxicity.

Iron Supplementation

Ferrous sulfate should be taken with orange juice to enhance iron absorption due to the vitamin C content.

Anaphylaxis Response

In case of dyspnea and tongue swelling after penicillin injection, administer epinephrine subcutaneously as the first action.

Angina Treatment

For angina pectoris, instruct clients to take nitroglycerin tablet at the first sign of chest pain.

Dietary Considerations for Angina

Advise clients on verapamil to increase dietary fiber intake to prevent constipation, a common side effect.

Fluid Volume Excess Indicators

Signs of fluid volume excess include a bounding pulse, pitting edema, and crackles upon auscultation.

Asthma Management

Administer a short-acting ß2-agonist (SABA) as the priority intervention for a child experiencing status asthmaticus.

Gentamicin Administration

For accurate gentamicin serum levels, draw a trough level before the next dose and a peak level 30 minutes after administration.

Emergency Response for Angina

If one nitroglycerin tablet does not relieve chest pain, call 911 and take up to two more tablets five minutes apart while waiting.

Herbal Supplement Caution

Advise pregnant clients against taking feverfew, an herb that may pose risks during pregnancy.

Apical Pulse Measurement

Before administering digoxin, measure the client’s apical pulse to ensure it is within safe limits.

Medication Administration Schedule

Consider specific characteristics of medications when determining their administration schedule.

Heparin Infusion Calculation

For a heparin continuous IV infusion of 1,200 units/hr, set the IV pump to deliver 24 mL/hr.

Platelet Count Monitoring

For clients on methotrexate presenting with bleeding gums, check the current platelet count to assess bleeding risk.

Cyclobenzaprine Use

Explain that cyclobenzaprine is prescribed to relieve muscle spasms associated with fractures.

Nystatin Storage Instructions

Nystatin suspension should be stored at room temperature to maintain its effectiveness.

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Prepare for the Pharmacology Proctored ATI Exam with these flashcards. Each card presents a scenario involving medication administration and patient assessment, helping to reinforce critical nursing concepts. This resource is essential for nursing students looking to excel in their pharmacology knowledge.