Questions and Answers
What do the suffix -Pril indicate?
Which suffix indicates Alpha1 Blockers?
What do the suffix -Sartan represent?
Many medications that end in -Ine are classified as what?
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What are the MAO inhibitors?
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What do the suffix -Barbital signify?
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The suffixes -Zepam and -Zolam are associated with which class of drugs?
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What do medications with the suffix -Olol refer to?
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What class of drugs does the suffix -Dronate belong to?
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What class of drugs does the suffix -Terol indicate?
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Which class of drugs does the suffix -Dipine represent?
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What is the other calcium channel blocker that does not end in -Dipine?
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Medications ending in -Stigmine are known as what?
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Name a potassium-sparing and aldosterone-sparing drug.
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What is the osmotic diuretic to know?
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What reverses a narcotic overdose?
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What do the suffix -Triptan represent?
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Study Notes
Pharmacology Prefix/Suffix Classification
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-Pril: Represents ACE inhibitors, which help relax blood vessels and reduce blood pressure.
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-Osin, -Azosin: Indicates alpha1 blockers, used to treat high blood pressure and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).
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-Sartan: Refers to Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers (ARBs) that block the effects of angiotensin II to lower blood pressure.
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-Ine: Common ending for various antidepressants, used to treat major depressive disorders.
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MAO Inhibitors: Includes drugs such as Phenelzine, Isocarboxazid, Tranylcypromine, Selegiline, and Rasagiline, which inhibit monoamine oxidase to elevate mood.
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-Barbital: Denotes barbiturates, a class of drugs used as sedatives and anticonvulsants.
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-Zepam, -Zolam: Indicates benzodiazepines, which act as anxiolytics and sedatives.
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-OLOL: Refers to beta blockers, used to manage cardiac conditions like hypertension and heart failure.
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-Dronate: Represents bisphosphonates, which prevent bone loss and treat osteoporosis.
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-Terol: Identifies bronchodilators (beta-agonists) that relax airway muscles and expand air passages.
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-Dipine: Associated with calcium channel blockers, except for Verapamil, which is also a calcium channel blocker but does not follow this suffix rule.
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-Stigmine: Indicates cholinesterase inhibitors, including Donepezil, which prevent the breakdown of acetylcholine.
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-Phetamine: Refers to CNS stimulants, used to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and narcolepsy.
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-Afil: Represents medications for erectile dysfunction, enhancing blood flow to the penis.
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-Tidine: Denotes H2 receptor antagonists (blockers) that reduce stomach acid production.
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-Statin: Refers to HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, which lower cholesterol levels.
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-Toin: Associated with hydantoins, a class of antiepileptic drugs.
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-Lukast: Indicates leukotriene modifiers, used in the treatment of asthma and allergy symptoms.
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-Semide: Represents loop diuretics, which help expel excess fluid and sodium through urine.
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-Parin: Refers to low molecular weight heparins, used as anticoagulants to prevent blood clots.
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-MABs, -Nib: Indicates immunomodulators including monoclonal antibodies that target specific pathogens or markers.
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-Rolimus: Denotes immunosuppressants used to prevent transplant rejection or treat autoimmune diseases.
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-Prazole: Refers to proton pump inhibitors, reducing gastric acid production for conditions like GERD.
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-Zine: Represents phenothiazines, used primarily as antipsychotic medications.
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-Ine, -Edrine: Associated with sympathomimetics which mimic the effects of sympathetic nervous system activation.
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-Teplase: Relates to thrombolytics, which dissolve blood clots in conditions like myocardial infarction or stroke.
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-Micin, -Mycin: Indicates antibiotics, specifically aminoglycosides and macrolides.
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Cef-: Refers to cephalosporin antibiotics, which target a wide range of bacterial infections.
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-Oxacin, -Floxacin: Denotes fluoroquinolone antibiotics, effective against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.
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-Thromycin: Associated with macrolide antibiotics, particularly effective against gram-positive bacteria.
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-Cillin: Refers to penicillin antibiotics, used to treat various bacterial infections.
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Sulfa-: Indicates sulfonamide antibiotics, which can cause allergic reactions in individuals with sulfa allergies.
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-Cycline: Represents tetracycline antibiotics, known for their broad-spectrum efficacy, though may cause photosensitivity.
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-Azole: Refers to antifungal medications, treating fungal infections effectively.
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-Quine: Indicates anti-malarials, the standard treatment for malaria.
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-Vir: Represents antiviral medications used to treat viral infections.
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Mannitol: Recognized as the osmotic diuretic used to reduce intracranial pressure.
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-Thiazide: Denotes thiazide diuretics, commonly used to treat hypertension.
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Spirolactone: The name for potassium-sparing diuretics that help prevent potassium loss.
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Diphenhydramine, Ranitidine: Examples of antihistamines used for allergic reactions and as H2 blockers.
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Naloxone, Naltrexone: Medications used to reverse opioid overdoses.
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-Triptan: Refers to sumatriptan, a medication for treating migraines by acting on 5HT-1 receptors.
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Ergots: Medications that act as 5-HT1 and adrenergic blockers, effective for treating headaches.
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-Ilol, -Alol: Combined alpha and beta blockers used in various cardiovascular conditions.
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-Tropium, -ium: Represents anticholinergics used primarily for respiratory conditions.
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-Sone, -Sonide: Associated with corticosteroids, particularly glucocorticoids affecting immune response.
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-Prost: Denotes prostaglandins, used in treatments such as eye care.
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-Idine: Refers to alpha adrenergic agonists, influencing vascular tone.
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-Zolamide: Identifies carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, used in glaucoma and certain types of seizures.
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-Phylline: Indicates xanthine inhibitors, particularly beneficial in gout through uric acid management.
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-Omolyn, -Olyn: Denotes mast cell stabilizers used in allergic conditions.
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-Rine, -Azoline: Represents decongestants that relieve nasal congestion.
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Test your knowledge of pharmacological prefixes and suffixes with these flashcards. Each card presents a specific suffix or prefix and its associated drug class. Perfect for students in nursing or pharmacy programs.
