Pharmacology Prefix/Suffix Flashcards

Pharmacology Prefix/Suffix Classification

• -Pril: Represents ACE inhibitors, which help relax blood vessels and reduce blood pressure.

• -Osin, -Azosin: Indicates alpha1 blockers, used to treat high blood pressure and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).

• -Sartan: Refers to Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers (ARBs) that block the effects of angiotensin II to lower blood pressure.

• -Ine: Common ending for various antidepressants, used to treat major depressive disorders.

• MAO Inhibitors: Includes drugs such as Phenelzine, Isocarboxazid, Tranylcypromine, Selegiline, and Rasagiline, which inhibit monoamine oxidase to elevate mood.

• -Barbital: Denotes barbiturates, a class of drugs used as sedatives and anticonvulsants.

• -Zepam, -Zolam: Indicates benzodiazepines, which act as anxiolytics and sedatives.

• -OLOL: Refers to beta blockers, used to manage cardiac conditions like hypertension and heart failure.

• -Dronate: Represents bisphosphonates, which prevent bone loss and treat osteoporosis.

• -Terol: Identifies bronchodilators (beta-agonists) that relax airway muscles and expand air passages.

• -Dipine: Associated with calcium channel blockers, except for Verapamil, which is also a calcium channel blocker but does not follow this suffix rule.

• -Stigmine: Indicates cholinesterase inhibitors, including Donepezil, which prevent the breakdown of acetylcholine.

• -Phetamine: Refers to CNS stimulants, used to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and narcolepsy.

• -Afil: Represents medications for erectile dysfunction, enhancing blood flow to the penis.

• -Tidine: Denotes H2 receptor antagonists (blockers) that reduce stomach acid production.

• -Statin: Refers to HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, which lower cholesterol levels.

• -Toin: Associated with hydantoins, a class of antiepileptic drugs.

• -Lukast: Indicates leukotriene modifiers, used in the treatment of asthma and allergy symptoms.

• -Semide: Represents loop diuretics, which help expel excess fluid and sodium through urine.

• -Parin: Refers to low molecular weight heparins, used as anticoagulants to prevent blood clots.

• -MABs, -Nib: Indicates immunomodulators including monoclonal antibodies that target specific pathogens or markers.

• -Rolimus: Denotes immunosuppressants used to prevent transplant rejection or treat autoimmune diseases.

• -Prazole: Refers to proton pump inhibitors, reducing gastric acid production for conditions like GERD.

• -Zine: Represents phenothiazines, used primarily as antipsychotic medications.

• -Ine, -Edrine: Associated with sympathomimetics which mimic the effects of sympathetic nervous system activation.

• -Teplase: Relates to thrombolytics, which dissolve blood clots in conditions like myocardial infarction or stroke.

• -Micin, -Mycin: Indicates antibiotics, specifically aminoglycosides and macrolides.

• Cef-: Refers to cephalosporin antibiotics, which target a wide range of bacterial infections.

• -Oxacin, -Floxacin: Denotes fluoroquinolone antibiotics, effective against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.

• -Thromycin: Associated with macrolide antibiotics, particularly effective against gram-positive bacteria.

• -Cillin: Refers to penicillin antibiotics, used to treat various bacterial infections.

• Sulfa-: Indicates sulfonamide antibiotics, which can cause allergic reactions in individuals with sulfa allergies.

• -Cycline: Represents tetracycline antibiotics, known for their broad-spectrum efficacy, though may cause photosensitivity.

• -Azole: Refers to antifungal medications, treating fungal infections effectively.

• -Quine: Indicates anti-malarials, the standard treatment for malaria.

• -Vir: Represents antiviral medications used to treat viral infections.

• Mannitol: Recognized as the osmotic diuretic used to reduce intracranial pressure.

• -Thiazide: Denotes thiazide diuretics, commonly used to treat hypertension.

• Spirolactone: The name for potassium-sparing diuretics that help prevent potassium loss.

• Diphenhydramine, Ranitidine: Examples of antihistamines used for allergic reactions and as H2 blockers.

• Naloxone, Naltrexone: Medications used to reverse opioid overdoses.

• -Triptan: Refers to sumatriptan, a medication for treating migraines by acting on 5HT-1 receptors.

• Ergots: Medications that act as 5-HT1 and adrenergic blockers, effective for treating headaches.

• -Ilol, -Alol: Combined alpha and beta blockers used in various cardiovascular conditions.

• -Tropium, -ium: Represents anticholinergics used primarily for respiratory conditions.

• -Sone, -Sonide: Associated with corticosteroids, particularly glucocorticoids affecting immune response.

• -Prost: Denotes prostaglandins, used in treatments such as eye care.

• -Idine: Refers to alpha adrenergic agonists, influencing vascular tone.

• -Zolamide: Identifies carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, used in glaucoma and certain types of seizures.

• -Phylline: Indicates xanthine inhibitors, particularly beneficial in gout through uric acid management.

• -Omolyn, -Olyn: Denotes mast cell stabilizers used in allergic conditions.

• -Rine, -Azoline: Represents decongestants that relieve nasal congestion.