Pharmacology: Permeability and Drug Absorption

What is the permeability of membrane A to drug X?

1.5 mm/sec
0.5 mm/sec
1 mm/sec (correct)
2 mm/sec

Why is permeability important in drug development?

To predict drug toxicity
To predict drug solubility
To predict drug absorption (correct)
To predict drug metabolism

What affects diffusion through non-porous membranes?

Pore shape and size
Solute solubility (correct)
Polymer network
Solute size and diameter

What drives molecules to move from one region to another?

All of the above (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a diffusion cell?

To contain a solvent alone (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the device used to measure drug permeability?

Franz Diffusion Cell (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the lag time in the diffusion process?

To establish a uniform concentration gradient within the membrane (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the direction of solute movement according to Fick's first law of diffusion?

From high concentration to low concentration (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the unit of measurement for the diffusion coefficient (D) in Fick's first law of diffusion?

Meter squared per second (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the physical barrier that separates the donor and receptor compartments?

Semi-permeable membrane (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the state of the concentration gradient in the steady state?

Does not change with time (B) Signup and view all the answers

What does the flux (J) represent in Fick's first law of diffusion?

The amount of material flowing through a cross-sectional area (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of osmotic drug release systems?

Osmotic pressure as a driving force (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which process involves the separation of colloidal particles and macromolecules using a membrane?

Ultrafiltration (C) Signup and view all the answers

What could significantly reduce the shelf life of a drug product?

Absorption of water vapor into the container (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a step in the drug release process?

Ultrafiltration (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between ultrafiltration and dialysis?

Use of pressure (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of ultrafiltration in relation to albumin and enzymes?

To purify them (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the driving force behind Fick's law?

Concentration gradient (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of increasing the surface area of the membrane on the rate of diffusion?

It increases the rate of diffusion (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the size of the particle and the rate of diffusion?

The rate of diffusion is inversely proportional to the size of the particle (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of increasing the concentration difference (C1 – C2) on the rate of diffusion?

It increases the rate of diffusion (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of increasing the temperature on the rate of diffusion?

It increases the rate of diffusion (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of increasing the diffusion distance on the rate of diffusion?

It slows down the rate of diffusion (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of separation in dialysis?

Based on molecular size (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of diffusion occurs through the membrane lipid bilayer of cells?

Transcellular diffusion (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the direction of movement in facilitated diffusion?

From high to low concentration (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of hemodialysis in treating kidney malfunction?

To remove small molecules from the blood (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of channel proteins in facilitated diffusion?

To facilitate diffusion through the membrane (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is an essential step for drug pharmacokinetics?

Diffusion through biologic membranes (A) Signup and view all the answers