Pharmacology of Xanthine Derivatives

Questions and Answers

What does the suffix '-phylline' indicate?

It is a Xanthine derivative (correct)

It is a type of protein

It is a carbohydrate

It has no significance

What are the examples of Xanthine derivatives?

Aminophylline, Dyphilline, Oxtriphylline, Theophylline

What is the primary action of Xanthines regarding bronchial smooth muscles?

Relaxation of bronchial smooth muscles

Which condition is treated by Xanthine derivatives?

Bronchospasm due to asthma or COPD Signup and view all the answers

What positive effect do Xanthine derivatives have on the cardiovascular system?

Inhibition of platelet function Signup and view all the answers

An adverse effect of Xanthine derivatives is _____

anxiety/nervousness Signup and view all the answers

What should patients be cautious about when using Xanthine derivatives?

Drinking large amounts of caffeine Signup and view all the answers

What instructions should be given to patients regarding smoking?

Inform the patient that the effectiveness of the drug can be altered if they start or stop smoking. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Xanthine Flashcards Overview

Xanthine derivatives are identified by the suffix "-phylline" in drug names, such as Aminophylline and Theophylline.
These drugs inhibit tissue phosphodiesterases, increasing cyclic AMP levels, which leads to relaxation of bronchial smooth muscles.

Pharmacodynamics

Mechanism includes inhibition of tissue phosphodiesterases and acting as adenosine receptor antagonists.
These combined actions contribute to relaxation of bronchial smooth muscles, beneficial in treating respiratory conditions.

Indications

Xanthine derivatives are primarily used for alleviating bronchospasm in conditions like asthma and COPD, which encompasses emphysema and chronic bronchitis.

Positive Effects

Xanthine derivatives may inhibit platelet function and promote arterial vasodilation.
These effects can help prevent arterial thrombosis, potentially reducing the risk of myocardial infarction.

Adverse Effects

Common adverse reactions include anxiety and nervousness, tremors and lightheadedness, heartburn and stomach pain, as well as headaches and dizziness.

Drug Interactions

High caffeine intake from coffee, tea, soda, or chocolate can intensify side effects of xanthine drugs.
Smoking influences the efficacy of xanthine derivatives, potentially rendering them ineffective or overly potent depending on the smoking status.

Patient Teachings

Patients should be warned about possible side effects associated with xanthine derivatives.
It is important to inform patients that starting or stopping smoking can alter drug effectiveness.
Patients should be made aware that increased consumption of caffeine or chocolate may exacerbate side effects.

Description

This quiz covers the pharmacodynamics, indications, and effects of xanthine derivatives such as Aminophylline and Theophylline. Learn how these medications work to treat respiratory conditions, their positive effects, and potential adverse reactions. Perfect for students in pharmacology or healthcare fields.