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Questions and Answers
What does the suffix '-phylline' indicate?
What does the suffix '-phylline' indicate?
What are the examples of Xanthine derivatives?
What are the examples of Xanthine derivatives?
Aminophylline, Dyphilline, Oxtriphylline, Theophylline
What is the primary action of Xanthines regarding bronchial smooth muscles?
What is the primary action of Xanthines regarding bronchial smooth muscles?
Relaxation of bronchial smooth muscles
Which condition is treated by Xanthine derivatives?
Which condition is treated by Xanthine derivatives?
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What positive effect do Xanthine derivatives have on the cardiovascular system?
What positive effect do Xanthine derivatives have on the cardiovascular system?
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An adverse effect of Xanthine derivatives is _____
An adverse effect of Xanthine derivatives is _____
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What should patients be cautious about when using Xanthine derivatives?
What should patients be cautious about when using Xanthine derivatives?
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What instructions should be given to patients regarding smoking?
What instructions should be given to patients regarding smoking?
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Study Notes
Xanthine Flashcards Overview
- Xanthine derivatives are identified by the suffix "-phylline" in drug names, such as Aminophylline and Theophylline.
- These drugs inhibit tissue phosphodiesterases, increasing cyclic AMP levels, which leads to relaxation of bronchial smooth muscles.
Pharmacodynamics
- Mechanism includes inhibition of tissue phosphodiesterases and acting as adenosine receptor antagonists.
- These combined actions contribute to relaxation of bronchial smooth muscles, beneficial in treating respiratory conditions.
Indications
- Xanthine derivatives are primarily used for alleviating bronchospasm in conditions like asthma and COPD, which encompasses emphysema and chronic bronchitis.
Positive Effects
- Xanthine derivatives may inhibit platelet function and promote arterial vasodilation.
- These effects can help prevent arterial thrombosis, potentially reducing the risk of myocardial infarction.
Adverse Effects
- Common adverse reactions include anxiety and nervousness, tremors and lightheadedness, heartburn and stomach pain, as well as headaches and dizziness.
Drug Interactions
- High caffeine intake from coffee, tea, soda, or chocolate can intensify side effects of xanthine drugs.
- Smoking influences the efficacy of xanthine derivatives, potentially rendering them ineffective or overly potent depending on the smoking status.
Patient Teachings
- Patients should be warned about possible side effects associated with xanthine derivatives.
- It is important to inform patients that starting or stopping smoking can alter drug effectiveness.
- Patients should be made aware that increased consumption of caffeine or chocolate may exacerbate side effects.
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Description
This quiz covers the pharmacodynamics, indications, and effects of xanthine derivatives such as Aminophylline and Theophylline. Learn how these medications work to treat respiratory conditions, their positive effects, and potential adverse reactions. Perfect for students in pharmacology or healthcare fields.
