25 Questions
What is the primary route of elimination for tamoxifen?
Fecal elimination
What enzyme is inhibited by tamoxifen?
CYP3A4
What is a potential long-term risk associated with tamoxifen use?
Endometrial cancer
What is a common adverse effect of tamoxifen?
Nausea and vomiting
What is a possible interaction with tamoxifen?
Inhibits P-glycoprotein
What are the inhibitors that work by binding to the active site of the enzyme reverse transcriptase and mimicking the natural substrate?
NRTIs
Which of the following classes of inhibitors block the fusion of the viral membrane with the host cell membrane?
Entry Inhibitors
Which type of inhibitors prevent the production of mature viral proteins by blocking the proteolytic cleavage of the viral polyprotein?
PIs
What type of inhibitors bind to the reverse transcriptase enzyme, but do not mimic the natural substrate?
NNRTIs
Which of the following is NOT one of the five main classes of HIV inhibitors?
Integrase Inhibitors
What is the title of the course mentioned in the content?
Pharmacology
Who is the instructor of the course mentioned in the content?
Osama Abusara
What is the number of the faculty mentioned in the content?
266
What is the name of the university mentioned in the content?
Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan
What is the class of anticancer drugs to which nitrosoureas belong?
Alkylating agents
What is the number mentioned in the content in the context of the course?
3
What is the mechanism of action of nitrosoureas?
Alkylating DNA
What type of cancer is often treated with nitrosoureas?
Brain cancer
What is a common adverse effect of nitrosoureas?
Bone marrow suppression
What is the pharmacological class of nitrosoureas?
Antineoplastic agents
What is the primary mechanism of action of tamoxifen?
Estrogen receptor antagonist
Which of the following is a characteristic of tamoxifen's pharmacokinetics?
It is highly protein-bound
What is a therapeutic use of tamoxifen?
Treatment of breast cancer
What population may be at increased risk of adverse effects from tamoxifen?
Pregnant women
What is a unique aspect of tamoxifen's therapeutic effects?
It has a dual effect on estrogen receptors
Study Notes
Tamoxifen
- Tamoxifen is administered orally and metabolized in the liver, producing metabolites with estrogen agonist and antagonist activity.
- The drug is eliminated primarily through fecal excretion.
- Tamoxifen is an inhibitor of CYP3A4 and P-glycoprotein, which can lead to drug-drug interactions.
- Common adverse effects of tamoxifen include hot flashes, nausea and vomiting, skin rashes, vaginal bleeding, and thromboembolism.
- Tamoxifen can also cause vision problems and increases the risk of endometrial cancer.
Classification of HIV Medications
- HIV medications can be classified into four categories: NRTIs (nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors), NNRTIs (nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors), PIs (protease inhibitors), and entry inhibitors.
Anticancer Drugs
- Alkylating agents are a type of anticancer drug that includes nitrosoureas.
This quiz covers the pharmacokinetics, adverse effects, and drug interactions of tamoxifen, a medication used in breast cancer treatment.
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