Pharmacology of Skeletal Muscle Relaxants
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary action of skeletal muscle relaxants?

  • Inhibit nerve impulses
  • Stimulate muscle contraction
  • Decrease skeletal muscle tone (correct)
  • Increase skeletal muscle tone

What is the primary function of cholinesterase in the neuromuscular junction?

  • Release acetylcholine
  • Bind to NM receptors
  • Inactivate acetylcholine (correct)
  • Depolarize the motor end plate

Which type of skeletal muscle relaxant acts directly on skeletal muscle?

  • Nondepolarizing blockers
  • Depolarizing blockers
  • Dantrolene (correct)
  • Centrally acting drugs

What is the mode of action of competitive blockers?

<p>Compete with acetylcholine for binding to receptors (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a centrally acting skeletal muscle relaxant?

<p>Tizanidine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the outcome of the binding of acetylcholine to NM receptors at the NMJ?

<p>Depolarization and development of end-plate potential (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using muscle relaxants in fracture of mandible?

<p>To facilitate opening of the mouth for diagnosis and treatment (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is succinylcholine used for during electroconvulsive therapy?

<p>To prevent trauma due to convulsions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of botulinum toxin A?

<p>It inhibits the release of ACh into the synaptic cleft (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of administering botulinum toxin A intradermally?

<p>To produce an antiwrinkle effect in cosmetic procedures (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of prior atropine administration when reversing the action of competitive neuromuscular blockers?

<p>To block the muscarinic effects of anticholinesterases (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the adverse effect of botulinum toxin A injection?

<p>Pain at the site of injection (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the cause of sinus bradycardia?

<p>Vagal stimulation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the treatment for malignant hyperthermia?

<p>Intravenous dantrolene, rapid cooling, inhalation of 100% oxygen and control of acidosis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of dantrolene in producing skeletal muscle relaxation?

<p>Inhibiting depolarization-induced Ca2+ release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the order of muscles affected by competitive blockers?

<p>Extrinsic eye muscles, neck, face, hands, feet, limbs, trunk, respiratory (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the life-saving drug in malignant hyperthermia?

<p>Dantrolene (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of d-tubocurarine, mivacurium, and atracurium on histamine?

<p>They cause histamine release (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the duration of action of succinylcholine?

<p>3-8 minutes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of washing the bath several times after adding succinylcholine in the frog rectus abdominis preparation?

<p>To remove the effect of succinylcholine (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main use of neuromuscular blockers?

<p>As adjuvant to general anaesthesia for producing satisfactory skeletal muscle relaxation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the condition of the basal contraction of the muscle in the frog rectus abdominis preparation?

<p>Isometric (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the reason for muscle pain caused by succinylcholine?

<p>Initial fasciculation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the preferred neuromuscular blocker for short procedures?

<p>Succinylcholine (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following skeletal muscle relaxants is contraindicated in patients with myasthenia gravis?

<p>Any skeletal muscle relaxant (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of slow metabolism of succinylcholine in people with liver disease or atypical pseudocholinesterase?

<p>Prolonged apnea (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the antidote for succinylcholine apnoea?

<p>No antidote available (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of aminoglycosides on neuromuscular blockers?

<p>They potentiate the effect of neuromuscular blockers (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of succinylcholine?

<p>Depolarization of NM receptors (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of succinylcholine on intragastric pressure?

<p>Increased intragastric pressure (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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