Pharmacology of Glucocorticoids in Dentistry
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary mechanism of action of glucocorticoid drugs in reducing inflammation?

  • Inhibiting the production of cytokines
  • Inhibiting the activity of phospholipase A2 (correct)
  • Inducing the production of anti-inflammatory proteins
  • Reducing the expression of inflammatory genes

What is the main physiological action of cortisol?

  • Modulating the immune response (correct)
  • Regulating blood sugar levels
  • Regulating electrolyte balance
  • Maintaining blood pressure

What is the primary reason for administering glucocorticoid supplementation prior to dental procedures?

  • To prevent adrenal crisis (correct)
  • To reduce anxiety
  • To reduce inflammation
  • To prevent infection

What is the half-life of short-acting glucocorticoid drugs?

<p>8-12 hours (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the hormone that stimulates cortisol release from the adrenal gland?

<p>Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most potent glucocorticoid drug?

<p>Dexamethasone (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of primary adrenal insufficiency?

<p>Autoimmune destruction of the adrenal gland (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the ideal glucocorticoid dosing?

<p>The lowest dose necessary to achieve therapeutic effect (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When is cortisol release typically the highest?

<p>In the morning (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of glucocorticoid supplementation in minor dental procedures?

<p>To prevent adrenal crisis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a side effect of long-term glucocorticoid use?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between primary and secondary adrenal insufficiency?

<p>Primary adrenal insufficiency is caused by an adrenal gland problem, while secondary adrenal insufficiency is caused by a pituitary gland problem (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of cortisol on blood pressure?

<p>It increases blood pressure (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of cortisol in the body?

<p>To regulate blood sugar levels (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of glucocorticoid drugs in reducing inflammation?

<p>By inhibiting the production of inflammatory mediators (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of preoperative management for dental patients taking corticosteroids?

<p>To provide supplemental corticosteroids (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of glucocorticoid drugs on the immune system?

<p>They suppress the immune system (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common adverse effect of glucocorticoid drugs?

<p>Immunosuppression (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary indication for glucocorticoid therapy in dental patients?

<p>To reduce inflammation and swelling (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of cortisol on blood pressure?

<p>It increases blood pressure (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between primary and secondary adrenal insufficiency?

<p>Secondary adrenal insufficiency is caused by pituitary gland dysfunction (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of glucocorticoid supplementation in moderate and major dental procedures?

<p>To prevent adrenal crisis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of cortisol on the immune system?

<p>It suppresses the immune system (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of adrenal insufficiency?

<p>Adrenal gland dysfunction (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of preoperative management for dental patients taking corticosteroids?

<p>To prevent adrenal crisis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of long-term glucocorticoid use?

<p>It leads to osteoporosis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the half-life of intermediate-acting glucocorticoid drugs?

<p>4-12 hours (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

For what dental procedures is glucocorticoid supplementation typically required?

<p>Moderate and major dental procedures (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary effect of cortisol on blood pressure?

<p>Increases blood pressure (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of secondary adrenal insufficiency?

<p>Pituitary gland dysfunction (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary action of cortisol on the immune system?

<p>Suppresses the immune response (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of preoperative management for dental patients taking corticosteroids?

<p>To reduce the risk of adrenal crisis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary indication for glucocorticoid therapy in dental patients?

<p>To reduce inflammation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary effect of long-term glucocorticoid use?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between primary and secondary adrenal insufficiency?

<p>The cause of the adrenal insufficiency (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of glucocorticoid supplementation in moderate and major dental procedures?

<p>To prevent adrenal crisis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary benefit of glucocorticoid supplementation in dental procedures?

<p>Minimizing inflammation and swelling (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of short-acting glucocorticoid drugs?

<p>Short duration of action (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of adrenal insufficiency in patients taking corticosteroids?

<p>Sudden cessation of corticosteroid therapy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary effect of cortisol on blood pressure?

<p>It increases blood pressure (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary indication for glucocorticoid therapy in dental patients?

<p>Reduction of inflammation and swelling (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between primary and secondary adrenal insufficiency?

<p>Primary is caused by adrenal gland dysfunction, while secondary is caused by pituitary gland dysfunction (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary action of cortisol on the immune system?

<p>Suppression of the immune response (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for preoperative management of dental patients taking corticosteroids?

<p>To prevent adrenal insufficiency (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary benefit of glucocorticoid supplementation in moderate and major dental procedures?

<p>Minimizing inflammation and promoting healing (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of glucocorticoid supplementation in dental procedures?

<p>To reduce inflammation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between primary and secondary adrenal insufficiency?

<p>Primary is caused by adrenal gland damage, while secondary is caused by pituitary gland damage (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary action of cortisol on the immune system?

<p>It suppresses the immune response (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary indication for glucocorticoid therapy in dental patients?

<p>To treat inflammatory conditions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary effect of long-term glucocorticoid use?

<p>It suppresses the immune response (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary benefit of preoperative management for dental patients taking corticosteroids?

<p>It prevents adrenal insufficiency (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of short-acting glucocorticoid drugs?

<p>They have a short half-life (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of adrenal insufficiency in patients taking corticosteroids?

<p>Suppression of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary benefit of glucocorticoid supplementation in moderate and major dental procedures?

<p>It prevents adrenal insufficiency (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary hormonal stimulus for cortisol release from the adrenal gland?

<p>Adrenocorticotropin hormone (ACTH) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism by which cortisol exerts its anti-inflammatory effects?

<p>Inhibiting the production of inflammatory cytokines (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary indication for glucocorticoid therapy in dental patients?

<p>To reduce inflammation and swelling (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of short-acting glucocorticoid drugs?

<p>Short duration of action (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of adrenal insufficiency in patients taking corticosteroids?

<p>Suppressed adrenal function (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary effect of cortisol on blood pressure?

<p>Increases blood pressure (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of glucocorticoid supplementation in dental procedures?

<p>To reduce inflammation and swelling (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between primary and secondary adrenal insufficiency?

<p>Primary involves the adrenal gland, while secondary involves the pituitary gland (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary benefit of glucocorticoid supplementation in moderate and major dental procedures?

<p>Reduces inflammation and swelling (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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