Pharmacology of Glucocorticoids in Dentistry
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary mechanism of action of glucocorticoid drugs in reducing inflammation?

  • Inhibiting the production of cytokines
  • Inhibiting the activity of phospholipase A2 (correct)
  • Inducing the production of anti-inflammatory proteins
  • Reducing the expression of inflammatory genes

    • What is the main physiological action of cortisol?

  • Modulating the immune response (correct)
  • Regulating blood sugar levels
  • Regulating electrolyte balance
  • Maintaining blood pressure

    • What is the primary reason for administering glucocorticoid supplementation prior to dental procedures?

  • To prevent adrenal crisis (correct)
  • To reduce anxiety
  • To reduce inflammation
  • To prevent infection

    • What is the half-life of short-acting glucocorticoid drugs?

    <p>8-12 hours</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the hormone that stimulates cortisol release from the adrenal gland?

    <p>Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most potent glucocorticoid drug?

    <p>Dexamethasone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of primary adrenal insufficiency?

    <p>Autoimmune destruction of the adrenal gland</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ideal glucocorticoid dosing?

    <p>The lowest dose necessary to achieve therapeutic effect</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When is cortisol release typically the highest?

    <p>In the morning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of glucocorticoid supplementation in minor dental procedures?

    <p>To prevent adrenal crisis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a side effect of long-term glucocorticoid use?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between primary and secondary adrenal insufficiency?

    <p>Primary adrenal insufficiency is caused by an adrenal gland problem, while secondary adrenal insufficiency is caused by a pituitary gland problem</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of cortisol on blood pressure?

    <p>It increases blood pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of cortisol in the body?

    <p>To regulate blood sugar levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of glucocorticoid drugs in reducing inflammation?

    <p>By inhibiting the production of inflammatory mediators</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of preoperative management for dental patients taking corticosteroids?

    <p>To provide supplemental corticosteroids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of glucocorticoid drugs on the immune system?

    <p>They suppress the immune system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common adverse effect of glucocorticoid drugs?

    <p>Immunosuppression</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary indication for glucocorticoid therapy in dental patients?

    <p>To reduce inflammation and swelling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of cortisol on blood pressure?

    <p>It increases blood pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between primary and secondary adrenal insufficiency?

    <p>Secondary adrenal insufficiency is caused by pituitary gland dysfunction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of glucocorticoid supplementation in moderate and major dental procedures?

    <p>To prevent adrenal crisis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of cortisol on the immune system?

    <p>It suppresses the immune system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of adrenal insufficiency?

    <p>Adrenal gland dysfunction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of preoperative management for dental patients taking corticosteroids?

    <p>To prevent adrenal crisis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of long-term glucocorticoid use?

    <p>It leads to osteoporosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the half-life of intermediate-acting glucocorticoid drugs?

    <p>4-12 hours</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For what dental procedures is glucocorticoid supplementation typically required?

    <p>Moderate and major dental procedures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary effect of cortisol on blood pressure?

    <p>Increases blood pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of secondary adrenal insufficiency?

    <p>Pituitary gland dysfunction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary action of cortisol on the immune system?

    <p>Suppresses the immune response</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of preoperative management for dental patients taking corticosteroids?

    <p>To reduce the risk of adrenal crisis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary indication for glucocorticoid therapy in dental patients?

    <p>To reduce inflammation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary effect of long-term glucocorticoid use?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between primary and secondary adrenal insufficiency?

    <p>The cause of the adrenal insufficiency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of glucocorticoid supplementation in moderate and major dental procedures?

    <p>To prevent adrenal crisis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary benefit of glucocorticoid supplementation in dental procedures?

    <p>Minimizing inflammation and swelling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of short-acting glucocorticoid drugs?

    <p>Short duration of action</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of adrenal insufficiency in patients taking corticosteroids?

    <p>Sudden cessation of corticosteroid therapy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary effect of cortisol on blood pressure?

    <p>It increases blood pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary indication for glucocorticoid therapy in dental patients?

    <p>Reduction of inflammation and swelling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between primary and secondary adrenal insufficiency?

    <p>Primary is caused by adrenal gland dysfunction, while secondary is caused by pituitary gland dysfunction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary action of cortisol on the immune system?

    <p>Suppression of the immune response</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for preoperative management of dental patients taking corticosteroids?

    <p>To prevent adrenal insufficiency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary benefit of glucocorticoid supplementation in moderate and major dental procedures?

    <p>Minimizing inflammation and promoting healing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of glucocorticoid supplementation in dental procedures?

    <p>To reduce inflammation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between primary and secondary adrenal insufficiency?

    <p>Primary is caused by adrenal gland damage, while secondary is caused by pituitary gland damage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary action of cortisol on the immune system?

    <p>It suppresses the immune response</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary indication for glucocorticoid therapy in dental patients?

    <p>To treat inflammatory conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary effect of long-term glucocorticoid use?

    <p>It suppresses the immune response</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary benefit of preoperative management for dental patients taking corticosteroids?

    <p>It prevents adrenal insufficiency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of short-acting glucocorticoid drugs?

    <p>They have a short half-life</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of adrenal insufficiency in patients taking corticosteroids?

    <p>Suppression of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary benefit of glucocorticoid supplementation in moderate and major dental procedures?

    <p>It prevents adrenal insufficiency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary hormonal stimulus for cortisol release from the adrenal gland?

    <p>Adrenocorticotropin hormone (ACTH)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism by which cortisol exerts its anti-inflammatory effects?

    <p>Inhibiting the production of inflammatory cytokines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary indication for glucocorticoid therapy in dental patients?

    <p>To reduce inflammation and swelling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of short-acting glucocorticoid drugs?

    <p>Short duration of action</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of adrenal insufficiency in patients taking corticosteroids?

    <p>Suppressed adrenal function</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary effect of cortisol on blood pressure?

    <p>Increases blood pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of glucocorticoid supplementation in dental procedures?

    <p>To reduce inflammation and swelling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between primary and secondary adrenal insufficiency?

    <p>Primary involves the adrenal gland, while secondary involves the pituitary gland</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary benefit of glucocorticoid supplementation in moderate and major dental procedures?

    <p>Reduces inflammation and swelling</p> Signup and view all the answers

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