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Pharmacology of Barbiturates and Benzodiazepines

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Pharmacology of Barbiturates and Benzodiazepines

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Questions and Answers

What happens to highly lipid soluble barbiturates and benzodiazepines after they are distributed into the body?

They are oxidized into active metabolites

They are excreted into the kidneys

Redistribution to peripheral tissue occurs (correct)

They are secreted into milk

What is the mechanism of action of Barbiturates?

By increasing the acetylcholine levels in the brain

By blocking the GABA receptor activity

By decreasing the dopamine levels in the brain

By enhancing the GABA receptor activity (correct)

What is the mechanism of action of barbiturates and benzodiazepines?

They have an allosteric effect that facilitates the GABA action (correct)

They block the chloride ions conductance

They have a direct effect on GABA receptors

They inhibit the GABA inhibitory effect

How are barbiturates and benzodiazepines excreted from the body?

Through the kidneys Signup and view all the answers

How do Benzodiazepines differ from Barbiturates in terms of their chemistry?

All members of Benzodiazepines contain fusion of benzine and diazepine rings Signup and view all the answers

What happens to barbiturates in the liver?

They are oxidized into inactive metabolites Signup and view all the answers

What is the duration of action of Ultrashort Acting Barbiturates?

Immediate to 20 minutes Signup and view all the answers

What is the general anesthetic effect of Sedative-Hypnotics?

Coma Signup and view all the answers

How are barbiturates and benzodiazepines absorbed into the body?

They are absorbed well from the GIT, except for Thiopental Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of phenobarbitone on microsomal enzymes?

It induces microsomal enzymes Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an Intermediate Acting Benzodiazepine?

Temazepam Signup and view all the answers

What is the onset of action of Remimazolam?

Immediate Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of the body adapting to the continued presence of Barbiturates and Benzodiazepines due to decreased sensitivity of GABA receptors?

Tolerance Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of suddenly stopping or reducing the dosage of Barbiturates and Benzodiazepines?

Physical Dependence Signup and view all the answers

What is the contraindication for Barbiturates and Benzodiazepines in patients with acute narrow angle glaucoma?

Acute narrow angle glaucoma Signup and view all the answers

What is the specific antagonist for Benzodiazepines overdose?

Flumazenil Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of Flumazenil?

Blocking the action of Benzodiazepines on GABA receptors Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of Flumazenil's molecular structure?

Similar to that of all Benzos Signup and view all the answers