Pharmacology Module 9: Antihistamines

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Questions and Answers

What type of substances can cause an allergic reaction in sensitized individuals?

  • Antihistamines
  • Hormones
  • Antigens (correct)
  • Mast cells

What is the primary function of antihistamine drugs?

  • To release histamine
  • To promote an allergic response
  • To stimulate the release of serotonin
  • To block the action of histamine (correct)

Which of the following is NOT a symptom of an allergic reaction?

  • Itching
  • Coughing
  • Fatigue (correct)
  • Sneezing

What type of cells play a crucial role in mediating inflammatory responses and allergic reactions?

<p>Mast cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many types of histamine receptors are present in the body?

<p>Four (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the hormone that is released by mast cells during an allergic response and plays a role in stabilizing mood and feelings of well-being?

<p>Serotonin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary use of antihistamines in the treatment of nasal allergies?

<p>Relieve rhinorrhea, sneezing, and lacrimation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which antihistamine is considered the drug of choice due to its local anesthetic and anticholinergic activity?

<p>Diphenhydramine (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of action of H2 antagonists in dentistry?

<p>Inhibit gastric acid secretion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a use of antihistamines in dentistry?

<p>Prevention of infective endocarditis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following reactions involves the release of bradykinin?

<p>Type IV cell-mediated delayed reaction (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of histamine in the context of acute inflammation?

<p>To increase vascular permeability (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary antibacterial agent of choice for periodontal disease?

<p>Tetracycline (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which receptor is responsible for mediating allergic reactions and is located on blood vessels, bronchial smooth muscle, and intestinal smooth muscle?

<p>H1 receptor (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which antihistamine is used in dentistry primarily for its CNS action?

<p>Promethazine (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of histamine on intestinal smooth muscle?

<p>Contraction of the smooth muscle (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the cardiac effect of histamine?

<p>Rapid heartbeat (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the contraction of bronchiolar smooth muscle due to histamine release?

<p>Bronchoconstriction (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Allergic Reaction Triggers

Substances that cause allergic reactions in sensitized individuals.

Antihistamine Function

Blocking histamine's effects.

Allergy Symptom - NOT

Fatigue is not a symptom of an allergic reaction.

Allergy Mediating Cells

Mast cells are key players in allergic and inflammatory responses.

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Histamine Receptor Types

Four different histamine receptor types exist in the body.

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Mast Cell Mood Hormone

Serotonin is a mood-stabilizing hormone released by mast cells during allergic reactions.

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Nasal Allergy Treatment

Antihistamines relieve sneezing, runny nose, and watery eyes in nasal allergies.

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Diphenhydramine Use

A common antihistamine with local anesthetic and anticholinergic properties.

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H2 Antagonist in Dentistry

H2 antagonists reduce gastric acid secretion, useful in dentistry.

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Antihistamine Dental Use - NOT

Preventing infective endocarditis is NOT a use for antihistamines in dentistry.

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Bradykinin Release

Bradykinin is released in Type IV cell-mediated delayed reactions.

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Histamine's Inflammation Role

Histamine increases blood vessel leakiness (permeability) in acute inflammation.

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Periodontal Disease Antibiotic

Tetracycline is a primary antibacterial treatment for periodontal disease.

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Allergy-Mediating Receptor

The H1 receptor is key to allergic reactions and affects blood vessels, lungs, and gut.

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Promethazine's Dental Role

Primarily used for its central nervous system action in dentistry.

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Intestinal Smooth Muscle Effect

Histamine causes contraction of intestinal smooth muscle.

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Histamine's Cardiac Effect

Histamine causes rapid heartbeat.

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Bronchoconstriction

Contraction of bronchiolar smooth muscle due to histamine release.

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