Pharmacology Exam Success Tips
45 Questions
0 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is the primary mechanism of action for ipratropium (Atrovent)?

  • Increases mucus production
  • Blocks muscarinic receptors in the bronchi (correct)
  • Inhibits glucocorticoids
  • Activates B2 receptors

    • Which medication should be avoided if creatinine clearance is below 1?

  • Tiotropium
  • Albuterol
  • Phenytoin (correct)
  • Theophylline

    • What is a potential adverse effect of long-acting muscarinic antagonists (LAMAs)?

  • Blurred vision (correct)
  • Diarrhea
  • Nausea
  • Weight gain

    • Which test is required to confirm a diagnosis of COPD?

    <p>FEV1/FVC ratio less than 0.7</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common counseling point for patients using short-acting anticholinergics?

    <p>Use sugarless hard candy for dry mouth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about long-acting beta-agonists (LABAs) is accurate?

    <p>They activate B2 receptors to induce bronchodilation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which laboratory test could be helpful in diagnosing asthma?

    <p>Eosinophils and IgE</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What differentiates COPD from asthma in terms of diagnosis and assessment?

    <p>COPD diagnosis requires spirometry testing for airway obstruction, asthma does not.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which antibiotic is considered a first-generation cephalosporin and suitable for surgical prophylaxis?

    <p>Cephalexin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following antimicrobials is indicated for infections caused by gram-positive bacteria only?

    <p>Vancomycin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common adverse effect of Carbapenem antibiotics such as imipenem?

    <p>Superinfection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which antibiotic class is contraindicated in children due to potential adverse effects?

    <p>Tetracyclines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What would be a significant contraindication for using Vancomycin?

    <p>Renal impairment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication combination is included in the bismuth quadruple therapy for peptic ulcer disease?

    <p>PPI, bismuth subcitrate, tetracycline, metronidazole</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary aggressive factor in the development of peptic ulcers?

    <p>H. pylori</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following antibiotics is NOT included in the levo triple therapy for H. pylori?

    <p>Ciprofloxacin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which vitamin levels should be monitored when prescribing antiulcer medications?

    <p>B12, Mg, Ca</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between laxative effect and catharsis?

    <p>Laxative effect leads to partial evacuation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is NOT a contraindication for prescribing PPIs?

    <p>Diarrhea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended medication for preventing constipation in a patient who is bed bound?

    <p>Colace</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an important consideration when prescribing gastrointestinal medications to older adults?

    <p>Risk of dehydration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is indicated for the initial treatment of asthma?

    <p>Inhaled glucocorticoids (ICS)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are narrow-spectrum drugs generally preferred over broad-spectrum drugs?

    <p>They provide more effective treatment for sensitive organisms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which group in COPD management is prescribed a bronchodilator?

    <p>Group A</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common characteristic of a chronic cough in COPD?

    <p>Can result in excessive sputum production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary concern when using broad-spectrum antibiotics?

    <p>They can lead to increased drug resistance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done before starting an antibiotic in an urgent situation?

    <p>Obtain a culture for organism identification.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication is not recommended as monotherapy in asthma management?

    <p>Long-acting beta agonist (LABA)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is PCR testing significant in antimicrobial drug selection?

    <p>It provides rapid identification of specific pathogens.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does poorly controlled asthma affect children compared to the use of ICS?

    <p>May slow growth in children</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is NOT typically associated with the prophylactic use of antimicrobial drugs?

    <p>Hypertension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In managing COPD, what is a recommended treatment for a patient with 2+ moderate exacerbations leading to hospitalization?

    <p>LABA + LAMA + ICS if eosinophil count &gt;300</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of inhaled glucocorticoids in the treatment of COPD?

    <p>Only for acute exacerbations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary use of Amoxicillin (Moxatag)?

    <p>Broad-spectrum treatment for certain bacterial infections.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What could be a possible result of microbial drug resistance?

    <p>Higher incidence of treatment failures.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factor does not contribute to airway restriction in asthma and COPD?

    <p>Poor exercise tolerance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following factors does NOT need to be considered when selecting an antimicrobial drug?

    <p>Use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of PEG plus electrolytes (ELS) compared to sodium phosphate products?

    <p>They are isotonic with body fluids.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following patient conditions should avoid sodium phosphate products?

    <p>Electrolyte abnormalities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What property differentiates broad-spectrum antibiotics from narrow-spectrum antibiotics?

    <p>They target a wide variety of microorganisms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common side effect associated with scopolamine use?

    <p>Blurred vision</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of bacteria is characterized by a thick cell wall and retains a purple stain?

    <p>Gram-positive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bacterial shape description corresponds to clusters of circles?

    <p>Staphylococci</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines the classification of an antibiotic as narrow-spectrum?

    <p>Effective for only one specific pathogen.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the naming format 'N.gonorrhoeae' indicate?

    <p>The genus is Neisseria and it belongs to the species gonorrhoeae.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    General Tips for Exam Success

    • Review anatomy and pathophysiology. This foundational knowledge is essential for understanding how drugs work in the body and how the body responds to drugs.
    • Be responsible for knowing the name, mechanism of action (MOA), uses, common adverse effects (AEs), serious AEs, dosage, administration, contraindications (CIs), interactions, and patient education for all prototype drugs in each module.
    • Focus on the prototype drugs presented in each module and their use across the lifespan (pediatric, pregnancy, breastfeeding, and older adults).
    • Understand the concepts of safe prescribing and listen for emphasized content and guidelines in lectures.

    Module Specific Review Tips

    • Review all prototype drugs presented in the module, including how they work and their uses.
    • Understand safety considerations, including contraindications and precautions.
    • Know how to treat specific conditions (e.g., Tylenol overdose).
    • Understand patient education for each medication.
    • Know how to wean a patient off of glucocorticoids.
    • Understand which labs (e.g., Cr baseline, BP, CBC, BMP, coagulation tests) need to be monitored for anti-inflammatory medications.

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Related Documents

    exam 3 study guide.pdf

    Description

    This quiz covers essential tips for succeeding in pharmacology exams, emphasizing the importance of understanding anatomy, pathophysiology, and prototype drugs. It highlights key aspects like mechanisms of action, safety considerations, and patient education specifically tailored for various populations. Prepare yourself for mastering this crucial subject!

    More Like This

    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser