Pharmacology Essentials Quiz
40 Questions
2 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is the main purpose of ointments?

  • For external application to various body surfaces (correct)
  • To provide a cooling effect on the skin
  • To deliver a specified dose of the drug via inhalation
  • To enhance cosmetic appearance of the skin

    • Which device uses a propellant to deliver a drug in aerosol form?

  • Jet nebulizer
  • Ointment applicator
  • Hand-held inhaler
  • Rotahaler (correct)

    • Which of the following statements about creams is true?

  • Creams have a water in oil emulsion base (correct)
  • Creams deliver a drug less effectively than ointments
  • Creams allow for better water evaporation than ointments
  • Creams are less cosmetically acceptable than ointments

    • What particle size is most effective for drug delivery to the bronchioles?

    <p>1–5 mm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of dosage form is best suited for dry, chronic lesions?

    <p>Ointments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between ointments and creams in terms of absorption?

    <p>Creams allow for better absorption into the skin than ointments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What feature distinguishes jet nebulizers from metered dose inhalers?

    <p>Jet nebulizers produce mist using pressurized air or oxygen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are ointments not suitable for oozing surfaces?

    <p>They are occlusive and do not allow evaporation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important for readers to check with the manufacturer of each product?

    <p>To verify recommended dose and contraindications</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the responsibility of the practitioner include regarding safety precautions?

    <p>Assessing and implementing appropriate safety measures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What shift is occurring in the practice of medicine according to the content?

    <p>From impression-based to evidence-based medicine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is emphasized in the current edition of the pharmacology book?

    <p>Evidence-based medicine derived from randomized trials</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What liabilities are not assumed by the publisher or authors of the book?

    <p>Liabilities for injury related to the use of the book's material</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What has significantly changed in the field of medical pharmacology?

    <p>The dynamic and rapid development of new drug targets</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is indicated to have been made where necessary regarding copyright material?

    <p>Efforts were made to contact copyright holders for permission</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What year marked the fifth edition of the pharmacology book?

    <p>2003</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the primary advantages of prescribing drugs using their nonproprietary names?

    <p>Better comprehension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do generic products typically compare to branded products in terms of cost?

    <p>They are generally cheaper.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect differentiates formularies produced in different countries?

    <p>The presence of cost listings for medications.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why might it be more beneficial to prescribe drugs by their brand name in some cases?

    <p>It guarantees consistent product quality.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What typically precedes the specifics of individual drugs in a formulary?

    <p>A commentary on the drug class and clinical conditions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common feature found in most formularies?

    <p>Informative appendices.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a major reason for prescribing drugs by nonproprietary names?

    <p>To facilitate the dispensing of cheaper generic products.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When might it be recommended to refer to Martindale: The Complete Drug Reference?

    <p>To obtain comprehensive drug references every few years.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of spansules?

    <p>They contain drug granules with varying coatings.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of linctus?

    <p>To soothe the throat when licked slowly.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are drops primarily used?

    <p>For external application to skin and eyes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the conical bullet-shaped dosage forms used for?

    <p>Inserting into the anal canal.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are eye drops required to be isotonic?

    <p>To prevent irritation or damage to the eye.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes lozenges?

    <p>They dissolve slowly in the mouth for local drug action.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary use of lotions?

    <p>For external application to the skin.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes suppositories from other dosage forms?

    <p>They are inserted into the anal canal for absorption.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which class of drugs is primarily used to treat conditions associated with blood coagulation?

    <p>Drugs Affecting Coagulation, Bleeding and Thrombosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of diuretics in medical treatment?

    <p>To increase urine formation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which category of drugs is specifically utilized for managing peptic ulcers?

    <p>Gastrointestinal Drugs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary focus of antimicrobials?

    <p>To combat infections</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which class of drugs would be most appropriate for treating viral infections?

    <p>Antiviral Drugs (Non-retroviral)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do haematinics specifically target in medical treatment?

    <p>Enhancing blood formation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of antidiuretics in the body?

    <p>To reduce urine production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which group of drugs is primarily concerned with lipid level management?

    <p>Hypolipidaemic Drugs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Pharmacology Information Sources

    • It is the responsibility of medical practitioners to check for updated information and verification of drug administration procedures
    • It is essential to consult the manufacturer’s information for verification of recommended dose, formula, method and duration of administration, adverse effects and contraindications.
    • Neither the publisher nor the authors hold the responsibility for any damages or injuries caused by the usage or misuse of the information provided in the document.
    • The ‘Essentials of Medical Pharmacology’ book is not a substitute for professional medical advice.

    Dosage Forms- Oral Administration

    • Oral dosage forms include:
      • Tablets
      • Capsules
      • Granules
      • Powders
      • Syrups
      • Linctus

    Dosage Forms- Topical Administration

    • Topical dosage forms include:
      • Ointments: greasy formulations applied to the skin or other external body surfaces.
      • Creams: similar to ointments but with a water-in-oil (or oil-in-water) emulsion base.
      • Pastes: nongreasy preparations with a thicker consistency than ointments.
      • Lozenges: solid preparations containing medication to be dissolved slowly in the mouth.
      • Suppositories: bullet-shaped dose forms inserted rectally, vaginally, or urethrally.
      • Drops: concentrated liquid solutions for oral ingestion or external application to the eye, nose, or ear.
      • Lotions: liquid formulations for external application to the skin, typically without rubbing.

    Dosage Forms- Inhalation Administration

    • Inhalation dosage forms include:
      • Aerosols:
        • Solutions, suspensions, fine particle solids, or powders administered via metered dose inhalers (MDIs), jet nebulizers, rotahalers, or spinhalers.
        • Particle size determines the location of drug deposition:
          • 1-5 mm particles deposit in the bronchioles
          • Larger particles settle in the oropharynx

          • 100mm particles cannot effectively penetrate.

    Drug Names and Prescribing

    • Nonproprietary drug names contribute to:
      • Uniform prescribing
      • Improved comprehension
    • Generic products are cheaper than their branded counterparts
    • Prescribing by generic names allows for dispensing of multiple manufacturers’ products.
    • Prescribing by the brand name ensures consistency of product quality and bioavailability.

    Pharmaceutical Information Resources

    • Formularies:

      • Booklets listing medications’ indications, doses, dosage forms, contraindications, precautions, adverse effects, and storage information.
      • Categorised by therapeutic class.
      • Some formularies, like the British National Formulary (BNF), include brand names and pricing.
      • The National Formulary of India (NFI) does not include brand names and pricing.
      • Formularies are helpful for prescribers.

    • Martindale: The Complete Drug Reference:

      • Extrapharmacopoeia) Published every 2-3 years by the Royal Pharmaceutical Society
      • Contains extensive information about medications.

    Drug Development

    • Medical pharmacology is a dynamic field with ongoing research and development.
    • New molecular targets and novel drugs emerge.
    • A large body of evidence informs the development of therapies focused on particular outcomes.
    • Shifting from “impression-based” to “evidence-based" medicine is a result of research and development.

    Edition History

    • The Essentials of Medical Pharmacology has undergone numerous editions:
      • First Edition: 1985
      • Second Edition: 1988
      • Third Edition: 1994
      • Fourth Edition: 1999
      • Fifth Edition: 2003
      • Sixth Edition: 2008
      • Seventh Edition: 2013
      • Eighth Edition: 2019

    Content Overview

    • Section 9 – Drugs Acting on Kidney

      • Relevant Physiology of Urine Formation
      • Diuretics
      • Antidiuretics

    • Section 10 – Drugs Affecting Blood and Blood Formation

      • Haematinics and Erythropoietin
      • Drugs Affecting Coagulation, Bleeding and Thrombosis
      • Hypolipidaemic Drugs

    • Section 11 – Gastrointestinal Drugs

      • Drugs for Peptic Ulcer and Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease
      • Antiemetic, Prokinetic and Digestant Drugs
      • Drugs for Constipation and Diarrhoea

    • Section 12 – Antimicrobial Drugs

      • Antimicrobial Drugs: General Considerations
      • Sulfonamides, Cotrimoxazole and Quinolones
      • Beta- Lactam Antibiotics
      • Tetracyclines and Chloramphenicol (Broad-Spectrum Antibiotics)
      • Aminoglycoside Antibiotics
      • Macrolide, Lincosamide, Glycopeptide and Other Antibacterial Antibiotics; Urinary Antiseptics
      • Antitubercular Drugs
      • Antileprotic Drugs
      • Antifungal Drugs
      • Antiviral Drugs (Non-retroviral)
      • Antiviral Drugs (Anti-retrovirus)
      • Antimalarial Drugs
      • Antiamoebic and Other Antiprotozoal Drugs

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Related Documents

    Essentials of Medical Pharmacology PDF 8th Edition

    Description

    Test your knowledge on pharmacology information sources and various dosage forms including oral and topical administration. This quiz covers the important aspects of drug verification, recommended dosages, and adverse effects. Stay updated with essential pharmacological knowledge necessary for medical practitioners.

    More Like This

    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser