Pharmacology: Diuretics and Beta-Blockers
25 Questions
0 Views

Pharmacology: Diuretics and Beta-Blockers

Created by
@SharpProse1645

Podcast Beta

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

Which class of drugs includes Furosemide?

  • Diuretics (correct)
  • Beta-blockers
  • ACE inhibitors
  • Angiotensin II receptor blockers

    • What is the primary use of Lisinopril?

  • To manage diabetes
  • To alleviate pain
  • To reduce blood pressure (correct)
  • To treat anxiety disorders

    • Which of the following drugs is classified as a Renin inhibitor?

  • Benazepril
  • Aliskiren (correct)
  • Eplerenone
  • Irbesartan

    • Which of the following is an example of a beta-blocker?

    <p>Carvedilol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines hypertension according to the provided content?

    <p>Sustained systolic over 140 mm Hg or diastolic over 90 mm Hg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary role of ACE inhibitors in post-myocardial infarction care?

    <p>To provide standard care</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which condition are ACE inhibitors considered first-line agents?

    <p>Systolic dysfunction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is not a therapeutic use of ACE inhibitors?

    <p>Management of asthma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ACE inhibitors are particularly beneficial for which patient group?

    <p>Patients with systolic dysfunction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended approach to discontinuing B-blockers in patients with hypertension and ischemic heart disease?

    <p>Taper the drugs over a few weeks.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following mechanisms do ACE inhibitors primarily utilize?

    <p>Inhibition of the angiotensin-converting enzyme</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to taper B-blockers rather than stopping them suddenly in certain patients?

    <p>To allow the body to adjust gradually and prevent rebound effects.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which group of patients specifically requires tapering of B-blockers?

    <p>Patients with hypertension and ischemic heart disease.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What could be a potential consequence of abrupt withdrawal of B-blockers in at-risk patients?

    <p>Increased risk of angina or myocardial infarction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one potential adverse effect of sudden discontinuation of B-blockers?

    <p>Rebound hypertension.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential adverse effect of hydralazine that may occur at high dosages?

    <p>Lupus-like syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which adverse effect is NOT associated with the use of hydralazine?

    <p>Severe muscle cramping</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT an adverse effect of hydralazine?

    <p>Constipation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to lupus-like syndrome if hydralazine is discontinued?

    <p>It is reversible</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Hydralazine is primarily accepted for controlling blood pressure in which condition?

    <p>Pregnancy-induced hypertension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factor most significantly contributes to resistant hypertension?

    <p>Use of sympathomimetics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following conditions can contribute to resistant hypertension?

    <p>Sleep apnea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common behavioral factor that can lead to resistant hypertension?

    <p>Poor compliance with treatment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following factors is NOT associated with resistant hypertension?

    <p>Regular yoga practice</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do concomitant medications play in resistant hypertension?

    <p>They can exacerbate hypertension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Diuretics

    • Amiloride (MIDAMOR), Bumetanide (BUMEX), Chlorthalidone (GENERIC ONLY), Eplerenone (INSPRA), Ethacrynic acid (EDECRIN), Furosemide (LASIX), Hydrochlorothiazide (MICROZIDE), Indapamide (GENERIC ONLY), Metolazone (GENERIC ONLY), Spironolactone (ALDACTONE), Triamterene (DYRENIUM), Torsemide (DEMADEX) are all examples of diuretics.

    Beta-Blockers

    • Acebutolol (GENERIC ONLY), Atenolol (TENORMIN), Betaxolol (GENERIC ONLY), Bisoprolol (GENERIC ONLY), Carvedilol (CORE, COREG CR), Esmolol (BREVIBLOC), Labetalol (TRANDATE), Metoprolol (LOPRESSOR, TOPROL-XL), Nadolol (CORGARD), Nebivolol (BYSTOLIC), Pindolol (GENERIC ONLY), Propranolol (INDERAL LA, INNOPRAN XL) are all examples of beta-blockers.

    ACE Inhibitors

    • Benazepril (LOTENSIN), Captopril (GENERIC ONLY), Enalapril (VASOTEC), Fosinopril (GENERIC ONLY), Lisinopril (PRINIVIL, ZESTRIL), Moexipril (GENERIC ONLY), Quinapril (ACCUPRIL), Perindopril (GENERIC ONLY), Ramipril (ALTACE), Trandolapril (GENERIC ONLY) are all examples of ACE Inhibitors.

    Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers

    • Azilsartan (EDARBI), Candesartan (ATACAND), Eprosartan (GENERIC ONLY), Irbesartan (AVAPRO), Losartan (COZAAR), Olmesartan (BENICAR), Telmisartan (MICARDIS), Valsartan (DIOVAN) are all examples of Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers.

    Renin Inhibitors

    • Aliskiren (TEKTURNA) is a renin inhibitor.

    Hypertension

    • Hypertension is defined as a sustained systolic blood pressure greater than 140 mm Hg or a sustained diastolic blood pressure greater than 90 mm Hg.
    • Patients with hypertension and ischemic heart disease should have antihypertensive drugs slowly tapered over several weeks.

    B-Blockers Adverse Effects

    • B-blockers can have adverse effects including:
      • Bronchospasm
      • Bradycardia
      • Depression
      • Fatigue
      • Sleep disturbances
      • Sexual dysfunction
      • Worsening of pre-existing heart failure

    ACE Inhibitors in Cardiovascular Care

    • ACE inhibitors are a standard in the care of a patient following a myocardial infarction.
    • ACE inhibitors are also first-line agents in the treatment of patients with systolic dysfunction.

    Hydralazine

    • Hydralazine is an accepted medication for controlling blood pressure in pregnancy-induced hypertension.
    • Adverse effects of hydralazine include:
      • Headache
      • Tachycardia
      • Nausea
      • Sweating
      • Arrhythmia
      • Precipitation of angina
    • A lupus-like syndrome can occur with high dosages but is reversible upon discontinuation of the drug.

    Resistant Hypertension

    • Common causes of resistant hypertension are:
      • Poor compliance
      • Excessive ethanol intake
      • Concomitant conditions (e.g., diabetes, obesity, sleep apnea, hyperaldosteronism, high salt intake, and/or metabolic syndrome)
      • Concomitant medications (e.g., sympathomimetics, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, or corticosteroids)
      • Insufficient dose and/or drugs
      • Use of drugs with similar mechanisms of actions.

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Related Documents

    Al-Kut University College Pharmacology Lectures 2022 PDF

    Description

    Test your knowledge on diuretics, beta-blockers, and ACE inhibitors with this quiz. It covers various drugs, their classifications, and examples used in treatment. Challenge yourself and improve your understanding of these important medications.

    More Like This

    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser