Pharmacology Chapter 7: Diabetes Mellitus

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Increases insulin secretion from the pancreas
Increases glucagon secretion from the pancreas
Decreases insulin sensitivity
Decreases hepatic glucose production, decreases intestinal absorption of glucose, and improves insulin sensitivity (correct)

Decreases HbA1C by 1-2% (C) Signup and view all the answers

Severe renal dysfunction (eGFR < 30 mL/min) (B) Signup and view all the answers

It can cause anemia (B) Signup and view all the answers

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Diabetes Mellitus is a disease in which insulin, a hormone that secretes glucose for energy, is insufficient or ineffective.

Biguanides: a class of medications used to treat diabetes.
Medication: Metformin.
Mechanism of Action (MOA): decreases hepatic glucose production, decreases intestinal absorption of glucose, and improves insulin sensitivity.
Effects:
- Weight Neutral.
- Lowers HbA1C by 1-2%.
Side Effects:
- Diarrhea.
- Nausea.
- Flatulence.
- Vitamin B12 Deficiency, which can lead to anemia if left untreated.
Clinical Pearls:
- Contraindicated in severe renal dysfunction (eGFR < 30 mL/min).