18 Questions
What is the primary site of action for beta 1 selective blockers?
Heart
What is the consequence of giving non-selective beta blockers to patients with COPD or asthma?
Risk of exacerbation increases
What is the effect of metoprolol on the concentration of another drug?
It increases the concentration of beta-1 adrenergic blockers
What is the mechanism of action of beta 1 blockers on the heart?
It decreases the cardiac output and oxygen consumption
What is the effect of nebivolol on the body?
It increases nitric oxide production leading to vasodilation
When should metoprolol be administered in relation to meals?
1 hour before meals or 2 hours post meals
What is the effect of verapamil on insulin?
Increases hypoglycemia
What is the mechanism of action of Class III potassium channel blockers?
Acts directly on heart muscle cells to prolong repolarization and the refractory period
What is a common side effect of potassium channel blockers?
Malaise and fatigue
What is the effect of digoxin on potassium channel blockers?
Increases the effects of potassium channel blockers
What is the mechanism of action of Class IV non-selective calcium channel blockers?
Blocks the movement of calcium ions across the cell membrane
What is a common side effect of Class IV non-selective calcium channel blockers?
Bradycardia
What is the primary mechanism of action of propranolol in the heart?
Competitively blocks beta-adrenergic receptors
What is a major contraindication for the use of non-selective beta blockers?
Asthma
What is the site of metabolism for propranolol?
Liver
What is the effect of propranolol on the sympathetic nervous system?
Decreases its influence
What are the possible adverse reactions to propranolol?
All of the above
What is the normal conduction pathway in the heart?
SA node → AV node → Bundle of HIS → Purkinje fiber
Test your knowledge of cardiac medications, including calcium channel blockers, potassium channel blockers, and nitrates. Learn about their mechanisms of action, pharmacokinetics, and potential interactions.
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