Pharmacology: p.1 bacteria
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary action of penicillins in combatting bacterial infections?

  • Activate enzymes that weaken the bacterial cell wall. (correct)
  • Increase the permeability of the bacterial cell membrane.
  • Inhibit protein synthesis in bacteria.
  • Force the bacteria to undergo cell division.

    • What effect does amphotericin B have on bacterial cells?

  • It makes the cell membrane more permeable. (correct)
  • It accelerates bacterial cell division.
  • It inhibits the synthesis of bacterial RNA.
  • It enhances bacterial resistance mechanisms.

    • Which of the following statements is true regarding cephalosporins?

  • They contribute to bacterial cell death by interfering with cell wall synthesis. (correct)
  • They activate enzymes that promote bacterial growth.
  • They primarily inhibit DNA replication in bacteria.
  • They solely interfere with bacterial protein synthesis.

    • What mechanism do drugs that inhibit bacterial cell walls primarily utilize?

    <p>Weaken the bacterial cell wall leading to lysis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a feature of drugs that target bacterial cell walls?

    <p>They directly cause cellular respiration failure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis?

    <p>Cell wall weakening and bacterial cell death</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do agents like amphotericin B affect bacterial cells?

    <p>They increase cell membrane permeability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which mechanism is primarily responsible for the death of bacteria when using penicillins?

    <p>Lysis due to cell wall weakening</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main action of cephalosporins in bacterial treatment?

    <p>Inhibition of bacterial cell wall synthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a consequence of increased cell membrane permeability by antibacterial agents?

    <p>Loss of essential intracellular components</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary outcome of drugs that inhibit bacterial cell wall synthesis?

    <p>Bacterial cell death through lysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of increased permeability of the bacterial cell membrane?

    <p>Loss of essential intracellular components</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do penicillins and cephalosporins primarily contribute to bacterial cell death?

    <p>By disrupting cell wall integrity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of drug is amphotericin B classified as?

    <p>Cell membrane permeabilizer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do enzymes activated by certain antibiotics play in bacterial cells?

    <p>Interfering with cell wall formation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary outcome of medications that increase cell membrane permeability?

    <p>They lead to the loss of essential intracellular components.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the mechanism by which drugs targeting bacterial cell walls operate?

    <p>They inhibit cell wall synthesis or activate destructive enzymes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect do penicillins and cephalosporins have on bacteria?

    <p>They disrupt bacterial cell wall integrity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential consequence of using agents like amphotericin B on bacterial cells?

    <p>Loss of essential intracellular components.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement correctly describes a key function of drugs that inhibit bacterial cell wall synthesis?

    <p>They lead to bacterial cell lysis by weakening the wall structure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary outcome when bacterial cell wall synthesis is inhibited?

    <p>Bacterial cell death occurs due to lysis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about amphotericin B is accurate?

    <p>It causes increased cell membrane permeability.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do drugs like penicillins contribute to bacterial cell death?

    <p>By inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one consequence of increased permeability of the bacterial cell membrane?

    <p>Loss of essential intracellular components.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which category of medications disrupts bacterial cell walls primarily?

    <p>Penicillins and cephalosporins.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key mechanism by which penicillins and cephalosporins contribute to bacterial lysis?

    <p>Disrupting bacterial cell wall synthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best explains the action of amphotericin B on bacterial cells?

    <p>It increases the permeability of the cell membrane.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary consequence of using medications that disrupt bacterial cell wall synthesis?

    <p>Cell lysis and death</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements accurately describes the role of bacteria's cell wall in maintaining cellular integrity?

    <p>It provides structural support and shape.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main effect of increasing the permeability of the bacterial cell membrane?

    <p>It leads to a loss of intracellular components.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Drugs that Inhibit/Disrupt Bacterial Cell Wall

    • Penicillins and cephalosporins inhibit the synthesis of the bacterial cell wall.
    • These drugs can also activate enzymes that interfere with the cell wall, causing it to weaken.
    • This weakening leads to bacterial cell death through lysis.

    Drugs that Increase Cell Membrane Permeability

    • Amphotericin B increases the permeability of the cell membrane.
    • This leads to the loss of essential intracellular components which are vital for the bacterial cell's survival.

    Drugs that Inhibit/Disrupt Bacterial Cell Wall

    • Penicillins and cephalosporins are medications that work by inhibiting the synthesis of the bacterial cell wall.
    • They can also activate enzymes that interfere with the cell wall structure, leading to weakening and eventual cell death.
    • This weakening process causes the bacteria to lyse through osmotic pressure, as water rushes into the damaged cell.

    Drugs that Increase Cell Membrane Permeability

    • Amphotericin B is a medication that increases the permeability of the cell membrane in bacteria.
    • This increased permeability causes essential intracellular components to leak out, leading to cell death.

    Drugs that Inhibit/Disrupt Bacterial Cell Wall 

    • Penicillins and cephalosporins are examples of drugs that inhibit bacterial cell wall synthesis.
    • These medications can also activate enzymes which disrupt the cell wall.
    • When the cell wall is disrupted, this leads to weakening and lysis of the bacterial cells.

    Drugs that Increase Cell Membrane Permeability 

    • Drugs such as amphotericin B can increase cell membrane permeability.
    • An increase in cell membrane permeability leads to leakage of essential intracellular components like proteins and electrolytes.
    • This leakage can lead to cell death.

    Drugs that Inhibit/Disrupt Bacterial Cell Wall

    • Penicillins and cephalosporins are examples of drugs that inhibit bacterial cell wall synthesis.
    • These medications disrupt the cell wall, weakening the cell and causing bacterial death through lysis.
    • The drugs either directly inhibit cell wall synthesis or activate enzymes that interfere with wall construction.

    Drugs that Increase Cell Membrane Permeability

    • Drugs like amphotericin B can make the cell membrane more permeable.
    • This permeability increase leads to the loss of important intracellular components.

    Drugs that Inhibit/Disrupt Bacterial Cell Wall

    • Medications like penicillins and cephalosporins can weaken and kill bacteria by disrupting the cell wall.
    • These drugs can either inhibit bacterial cell wall synthesis or activate enzymes that interfere with the cell wall.
    • This disruption leads to bacterial cell death through lysis.

    Drugs that Increase Cell Membrane Permeability

    • Agents such as amphotericin B increase the permeability of the bacterial cell membrane.
    • This increased permeability leads to the loss of essential intracellular components.

    Drugs Targeting Bacterial Cell Walls

    • Penicillins and cephalosporins are examples of drugs that inhibit bacterial cell wall synthesis.
    • These drugs can also activate enzymes that disrupt the cell wall, leading to weakening and lysis of the bacterial cell.

    Drugs Targeting Cell Membrane 

    • Amphotericin B is an example of a drug that increases cell membrane permeability.
    • This increased permeability leads to loss of essential components from within the cell.

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