Pharmacological Agents for Arrhythmias
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Pharmacological Agents for Arrhythmias

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Questions and Answers

Which class of antiarrhythmic drugs is known for having alpha adrenergic blockade and vagolytic actions?

  • Class IC
  • Class IA (correct)
  • Class IB
  • Class II

    • Why is disopyramide not recommended for use?

  • High cost and limited availability
  • Lack of efficacy and toxicity (correct)
  • Potential for drug interactions
  • Low bioavailability and rapid metabolism

    • Which Class IC drug is highly effective at converting atrial fibrillation (AF) to sinus rhythm?

  • Flecainide (correct)
  • Propafenone
  • Mexiletine
  • Lidocaine

    • Why are beta-blockers (Class II) used in antiarrhythmic therapy?

    <p>To decrease automaticity of the SA node</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant limitation of using procainamide for atrial fibrillation (AF) treatment?

    <p>Potential for severe gastrointestinal side effects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is the use of encapsulated oral mexiletine for recurrent ventricular tachycardia (VT) prevention not recommended?

    <p>Lack of improved outcomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which class of antiarrhythmic drugs works by blocking the effects of catecholamines at beta-adrenergic receptors in the heart?

    <p>Class II</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which class of antiarrhythmic drugs has a low ability to block sodium channels and is used to treat acute ventricular arrhythmias?

    <p>Class IB</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main adverse effect associated with class IA antiarrhythmics?

    <p>Torsades de pointes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of blockade is state dependent for lidocaine-like agents in class IB antiarrhythmics?

    <p>Open state blockade</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of class II antiarrhythmics in treating arrhythmias?

    <p>Mimicking sympathetic stimulation by inhibiting beta-1 and beta-2 receptors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which effect do beta blockers cause in the heart, leading to a reduction in the heart's oxygen demand?

    <p>Lower heart rate and force of contraction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main limitation of Vaughan Williams' classification system for antiarrhythmic drugs?

    <p>Variations in effect between patients</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary use of Class IB antiarrhythmics like Lidocaine?

    <p>Treating acute ventricular arrhythmias</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are beta blockers used under careful observation for changes in rhythm?

    <p>To increase the incidence of triggered activity in the ventricles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which class of antiarrhythmic drugs is contraindicated following myocardial infarction (MI)?

    <p>Class IA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary concern with class II antiarrhythmic agents?

    <p>Excessive depression of cardiac function</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which class of antiarrhythmic drugs is known to delay repolarization?

    <p>Class III</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which antiarrhythmic drug is considered most effective for atrial fibrillation?

    <p>Amiodarone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism of action of Class IV antiarrhythmics?

    <p>Inhibiting the flow of calcium ions through calcium channels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are beta blockers considered a first-line treatment for myocardial infarction patients?

    <p>To prevent ventricular arrhythmias</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which action characterizes the effect of Class III antiarrhythmics on myocytes?

    <p>Prolonging repolarization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are Class IV antiarrhythmics generally contraindicated in patients with left ventricular dysfunction?

    <p>To prevent side effects like heart failure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary concern with using Amiodarone for atrial fibrillation?

    <p>Potential for toxicity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug has a decreased usage due to proarrhythmic effects and perception changes about risks and benefits?

    <p>Sotalol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are Class III antiarrhythmics considered less susceptible to proarrhythmia compared to Class I agents?

    <p>They prolong repolarization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of Beta-blockers in arrhythmias?

    <p>Suppressing triggered activity and stabilizing membranes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do Calcium Channel Blockers affect the AV node in arrhythmias?

    <p>Suppress automaticity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism of action of Digoxin in supraventricular arrhythmias?

    <p>Inhibiting sodium/potassium ATPase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are Potassium Channel Blockers classified as Class III antiarrhythmic drugs?

    <p>They accelerate repolarization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common limitation of Beta-blockers in acute arrhythmias?

    <p>Slow onset of action</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do Calcium Channel Blockers affect myocardial contractility?

    <p>Decrease it by inhibiting calcium movement</p> Signup and view all the answers

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