Questions and Answers
Which class of anti-arrhythmic drugs does Lidocaine belong to?
What is a known mechanism of action for Class II beta-adrenoceptor blockers like Metoprolol?
Which of the following is a side effect associated with the use of Amiodarone?
Which of the following arrhythmias is Lidocaine primarily used to treat?
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What is the primary clinical use of Propafenone?
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How do Class III potassium channel blockers primarily function?
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Which drug is classified as a Class II beta-adrenoceptor blocker?
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What mechanism is primarily affected by Class IB sodium channel blockers?
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Which side effect is most commonly associated with sodium channel blockers?
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What pharmacokinetic feature is notable for Lidocaine?
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Study Notes
Anti-arrhythmic Drugs Overview
- Anti-arrhythmic drugs are classified into various classes based on their mechanisms and effects on cardiac physiology.
Class IB Sodium Channel Blockers
- Examples: Lidocaine, Flecainide, Propafenone
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Mechanism of Action:
- Selectively inhibit Na+ channels with a low effect.
- Do not change the QRS complex; shortens both repolarization and QT interval.
- Act primarily in phase 0, suppressing depolarization.
- Negative dromotropic effect causing slowed or blocked AV conduction, prolonging the PQ interval.
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Pharmacokinetics:
- Administered parenterally.
- Undergo high first-pass metabolism.
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Clinical Effects:
- Effective for treating ventricular arrhythmias.
- Suitable for patients with myocardial infarction (MI) and severe heart failure (HF).
- Local anesthetic properties.
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Side Effects:
- Risk of hypersensitivity reactions such as rash, fever, and angioedema.
- Drug-drug interactions can increase digoxin toxicity.
- Central nervous system effects like tinnitus, seizures, and drowsiness.
- Amiodarone toxicity includes pulmonary fibrosis, thyroid abnormalities, and skin discoloration.
Class II B-Adrenoceptor Blockers
- Examples: Propranolol, Metoprolol
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Mechanism of Action:
- Block K+ outflow during phase 3, resulting in prolonged repolarization and a longer QT interval.
- Extend action potential duration.
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Pharmacokinetics:
- Administered intravenously (IV) with high oral first-pass metabolism.
- Metabolized by cytochrome P450 enzymes.
Class III K+ Channel Blockers
- Examples: Ibutilide
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Mechanism of Action:
- Primarily functions as a potassium channel blocker, affecting cardiac repolarization, though specifics were not outlined in the provided details.
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Description
This quiz explores anti-arrhythmic drugs, focusing on Class IB Sodium Channel Blockers. Understand their mechanisms, examples like Lidocaine, and their effects on cardiac physiology. Test your knowledge on how these drugs influence depolarization and cardiac intervals.
