Pharmacokinetic Principles Review: Introduction, Routes of Administration, Absorption, Distribution
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Questions and Answers

What does pharmacokinetics study?

  • The rate and extent of drug transport in the body (correct)
  • The chemical structure of drugs
  • The effect of drugs on the body
  • The psychological impact of drugs

    • Which factor determines the rate of drug action in the body?

  • Rate of drug absorption (correct)
  • Rate of drug distribution
  • Rate of drug metabolism
  • Rate of drug excretion

    • What is the role of plasma protein binding in pharmacokinetics?

  • To decrease drug distribution
  • To regulate the rate of drug elimination
  • To influence the free drug concentration and distribution (correct)
  • To increase drug absorption

    • In pharmacokinetics, what does 'ADME' stand for?

    <p>Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Elimination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines the rate of drug transport to the target tissue of pharmacological action?

    <p>Rate of drug absorption from capillaries into the bloodstream</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the rate of absorption from intramuscular (IM) and subcutaneous (SC) routes depend on?

    <p>The type of tissue at the site of administration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which route is most preferred for drug administration?

    <p>Per oral (PO)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of ensuring that the effective elimination half-life of a drug ideally equals the dosing interval?

    <p>To deliver the drug at the target site at a consistent rate and concentration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are common routes of drug administration other than per oral (PO), intramuscular (IM), subcutaneous (SC), and intravenous (IV) injections and IV infusion?

    <p>Buccal, sublingual, rectal, transdermal, inhalational, and topical</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is the oral route not suitable for drugs that are not stable in the gut?

    <p>Because they may not be absorbed properly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does pharmacokinetics study?

    <p>Pharmacokinetics studies the rate and extent of drug transport in the body from administration to elimination.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines the rate of drug action in the body?

    <p>The rate of drug action is determined by the rate of drug transport to the target tissue of pharmacological action.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of ensuring that the effective elimination half-life of a drug ideally equals the dosing interval?

    <p>The purpose is to maintain drug levels within the therapeutic range and achieve steady-state concentrations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'ADME' stand for in pharmacokinetics?

    <p>'ADME' stands for Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, and Excretion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is the oral route not suitable for drugs that are not stable in the gut?

    <p>The oral route is not suitable because drugs unstable in the gut may undergo degradation and not be effectively absorbed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factors determine the extent of drug that reaches the site of drug action?

    <p>Protein binding, extent of metabolism, or biotransformation and elimination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why should the effective elimination half-life of a drug ideally be equal to the dosing interval?

    <p>To deliver the drug at the target site at a rate and concentration consistent with once or twice daily administration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the equilibrium steady state in drug administration?

    <p>The rate of drug elimination equals the rate of administration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the dosing frequency of a drug in humans relate to the drug's half-life and unbound steady-state concentration?

    <p>It is dictated by the half-life of the drug and by its unbound steady-state concentration, which should equal its pharmacologically effective concentration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factors determine the rate of absorption from intramuscular (IM) and subcutaneous (SC) routes?

    <p>The type of tissue at the site of administration—the density, vascularity, and fat content</p> Signup and view all the answers

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