20 Questions
What does pharmacokinetics study?
The rate and extent of drug transport in the body
Which factor determines the rate of drug action in the body?
Rate of drug absorption
What is the role of plasma protein binding in pharmacokinetics?
To influence the free drug concentration and distribution
In pharmacokinetics, what does 'ADME' stand for?
Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Elimination
What determines the rate of drug transport to the target tissue of pharmacological action?
Rate of drug absorption from capillaries into the bloodstream
What does the rate of absorption from intramuscular (IM) and subcutaneous (SC) routes depend on?
The type of tissue at the site of administration
Which route is most preferred for drug administration?
Per oral (PO)
What is the purpose of ensuring that the effective elimination half-life of a drug ideally equals the dosing interval?
To deliver the drug at the target site at a consistent rate and concentration
What are common routes of drug administration other than per oral (PO), intramuscular (IM), subcutaneous (SC), and intravenous (IV) injections and IV infusion?
Buccal, sublingual, rectal, transdermal, inhalational, and topical
Why is the oral route not suitable for drugs that are not stable in the gut?
Because they may not be absorbed properly
What does pharmacokinetics study?
Pharmacokinetics studies the rate and extent of drug transport in the body from administration to elimination.
What determines the rate of drug action in the body?
The rate of drug action is determined by the rate of drug transport to the target tissue of pharmacological action.
What is the purpose of ensuring that the effective elimination half-life of a drug ideally equals the dosing interval?
The purpose is to maintain drug levels within the therapeutic range and achieve steady-state concentrations.
What does 'ADME' stand for in pharmacokinetics?
'ADME' stands for Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, and Excretion.
Why is the oral route not suitable for drugs that are not stable in the gut?
The oral route is not suitable because drugs unstable in the gut may undergo degradation and not be effectively absorbed.
What factors determine the extent of drug that reaches the site of drug action?
Protein binding, extent of metabolism, or biotransformation and elimination
Why should the effective elimination half-life of a drug ideally be equal to the dosing interval?
To deliver the drug at the target site at a rate and concentration consistent with once or twice daily administration
What is the significance of the equilibrium steady state in drug administration?
The rate of drug elimination equals the rate of administration
How does the dosing frequency of a drug in humans relate to the drug's half-life and unbound steady-state concentration?
It is dictated by the half-life of the drug and by its unbound steady-state concentration, which should equal its pharmacologically effective concentration
What factors determine the rate of absorption from intramuscular (IM) and subcutaneous (SC) routes?
The type of tissue at the site of administration—the density, vascularity, and fat content
This quiz covers the review of pharmacokinetic principles including introduction, routes of administration, drug disposition, absorption, plasma protein binding, distribution, elimination, half-life, clearance, role of transporters in ADME, linear and nonlinear pharmacokinetics, steady-state pharmacokinetics, and dose estimations.
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