Pharmacognosy Lecture 6117: Plant Chemistry - Glycosides and Tannins Part 1

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What is the enzyme responsible for producing 3-deoxy-D-arabinoheptulosonate-7-phosphate?

EPSP Synthase

Chorismate Synthase

Shikimate Dehydrogenase

DAHP Synthase (correct)

Which molecule is a product of the Shikimic Acid pathway besides Shikimic Acid?

Gallic Acid (correct)

Trans-Cinnamic Acid

Phenylpyruvic Acid

Coumarin

What is the enzyme responsible for the phosphorylation of the 3rd hydroxyl group?

Chorismate Synthase

DHQ Synthase

Shikimate Dehydrogenase

Shikimate Kinase (correct)

Which compound is NOT a product of the Shikimic Acid pathway?

Xanthones Signup and view all the answers

What can Step 4 with Dehydroshikimic Acid in the Shikimic Acid Pathway render besides Shikimic Acid?

Gallic Acid Signup and view all the answers

Which compound belongs to Hydrolysable Tannins produced in the Shikimic Acid pathway?

Gallo Tanin Signup and view all the answers

What is the family of the Salix fragilis plant?

Salicaceae Signup and view all the answers

Which compound can be obtained from the hydrolysis of salicin?

Salicyl alcohol Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary use of salicyl alcohol?

As a starting material for the synthesis of aspirin Signup and view all the answers

Who isolated salicin from the tannins of willow trees?

Johann Büchner Signup and view all the answers

What is the common name of Populus tremuloides?

Poplar Signup and view all the answers

What is the main constituent of Poplar that is similar to salicin?

Populin Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the correct precursor molecule for triterpenes?

Farnesyl Pyrophosphate (C15PP) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between lignin and lignan?

Lignin is a polymer, while lignan is a smaller, biologically active molecule Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of squalene in the biosynthesis of natural compounds?

Squalene is the precursor for the synthesis of steroids and glycosides Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of phytol in plants?

Phytol is a precursor for the synthesis of gibberellins, plant growth hormones Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of carotenoids in plants?

Carotenoids are pigments that can act as both oxidants and antioxidants in plants Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the C20PP intermediate in the biosynthesis of natural compounds?

C20PP is the precursor for the synthesis of geranyl pyrophosphate and farnesyl pyrophosphate Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common type of glycosidic bond found in glycosides?

R-O-R' (O-glycosides) Signup and view all the answers

Which form of glycosides is found in plants?

β-glycosides Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme specifically targets the β forms of glycosides for hydrolysis?

Both myrosin and emulsin Signup and view all the answers

Which family of plants does the enzyme myrosin come from?

Brassicaceae (cabbage family) Signup and view all the answers

What is the aglycone portion of the glycoside amygdalin?

Benzaldehyde and cyanide (HCN) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following pathways is involved in the formation of glycosides with aromatic amino acids?

Shikimic acid pathway Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the glycone portion in a glycoside?

To increase the solubility of the glycoside Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a possible aglycone component in a glycoside?

Alkaloid Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about glycosides is true?

The aglycone portion of a glycoside is responsible for its bioactivity Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to refer to the aglycone portion of a glycoside when it is a terpene or terpenoid?

Genin Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following pathways is involved in the biosynthesis of glycosides?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about glycosides is FALSE?

Glycosides are always bioactive compounds Signup and view all the answers