Pharmacognosy Lecture 6117: Plant Chemistry - Glycosides and Tannins Part 1
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Questions and Answers

What is the enzyme responsible for producing 3-deoxy-D-arabinoheptulosonate-7-phosphate?

  • EPSP Synthase
  • Chorismate Synthase
  • Shikimate Dehydrogenase
  • DAHP Synthase (correct)

Which molecule is a product of the Shikimic Acid pathway besides Shikimic Acid?

  • Gallic Acid (correct)
  • Trans-Cinnamic Acid
  • Phenylpyruvic Acid
  • Coumarin

What is the enzyme responsible for the phosphorylation of the 3rd hydroxyl group?

  • Chorismate Synthase
  • DHQ Synthase
  • Shikimate Dehydrogenase
  • Shikimate Kinase (correct)

Which compound is NOT a product of the Shikimic Acid pathway?

<p>Xanthones (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can Step 4 with Dehydroshikimic Acid in the Shikimic Acid Pathway render besides Shikimic Acid?

<p>Gallic Acid (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which compound belongs to Hydrolysable Tannins produced in the Shikimic Acid pathway?

<p>Gallo Tanin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the family of the Salix fragilis plant?

<p>Salicaceae (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which compound can be obtained from the hydrolysis of salicin?

<p>Salicyl alcohol (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary use of salicyl alcohol?

<p>As a starting material for the synthesis of aspirin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who isolated salicin from the tannins of willow trees?

<p>Johann Büchner (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the common name of Populus tremuloides?

<p>Poplar (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main constituent of Poplar that is similar to salicin?

<p>Populin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the correct precursor molecule for triterpenes?

<p>Farnesyl Pyrophosphate (C15PP) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between lignin and lignan?

<p>Lignin is a polymer, while lignan is a smaller, biologically active molecule (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of squalene in the biosynthesis of natural compounds?

<p>Squalene is the precursor for the synthesis of steroids and glycosides (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of phytol in plants?

<p>Phytol is a precursor for the synthesis of gibberellins, plant growth hormones (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of carotenoids in plants?

<p>Carotenoids are pigments that can act as both oxidants and antioxidants in plants (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the C20PP intermediate in the biosynthesis of natural compounds?

<p>C20PP is the precursor for the synthesis of geranyl pyrophosphate and farnesyl pyrophosphate (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common type of glycosidic bond found in glycosides?

<p>R-O-R' (O-glycosides) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which form of glycosides is found in plants?

<p>β-glycosides (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme specifically targets the β forms of glycosides for hydrolysis?

<p>Both myrosin and emulsin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which family of plants does the enzyme myrosin come from?

<p>Brassicaceae (cabbage family) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the aglycone portion of the glycoside amygdalin?

<p>Benzaldehyde and cyanide (HCN) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following pathways is involved in the formation of glycosides with aromatic amino acids?

<p>Shikimic acid pathway (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the glycone portion in a glycoside?

<p>To increase the solubility of the glycoside (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a possible aglycone component in a glycoside?

<p>Alkaloid (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about glycosides is true?

<p>The aglycone portion of a glycoside is responsible for its bioactivity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to refer to the aglycone portion of a glycoside when it is a terpene or terpenoid?

<p>Genin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following pathways is involved in the biosynthesis of glycosides?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about glycosides is FALSE?

<p>Glycosides are always bioactive compounds (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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