30 Questions
What is the primary focus of pharmacodynamics?
The study of how the drug affects the body's physiological functions
What type of drug action involves the replacement of a deficient substance in the body?
Replacement
Which of the following is an example of a chemical action of a drug?
Antacids neutralizing stomach acid
What is the term for the binding of a drug to a particular target protein in the body?
Mechanism of action
What is the primary mechanism of action of an antagonist?
Binding to receptors without producing a tissue response and preventing an agonist from binding
What type of drug action involves the inhibition of an enzyme's activity?
Enzyme inhibition
What is the product of the affinity of a drug and its intrinsic activity?
Efficacy
What is the term for the study of the effects of drugs on the body?
Pharmacodynamics
What is the definition of a partial agonist?
A drug with high affinity and low intrinsic activity
What is the term for the amount of drug required to produce an effect of a given intensity?
Potency
What is the result of the binding of a drug to a receptor?
Formation of a drug-receptor complex
What is the characteristic of a drug with high affinity but low intrinsic activity?
It is a partial agonist
What is the primary function of channel-linked receptors in the nervous system?
To convert the binding of neurotransmitters into an electrical signal
What is the characteristic structure of G-protein-coupled receptors?
Seven membrane-spanning segments
Which of the following receptors is an example of a channel-linked receptor?
GABAA
What is the effect of the binding of neurotransmitters to channel-linked receptors?
Depolarization of the cell
What is the function of the α subunit in G-protein-coupled receptors?
It possesses GTPase activity
What is the primary difference between channel-linked receptors and G-protein-coupled receptors?
The structure of the receptor
What is the characteristic of a non-competitive antagonist?
It binds to an allosteric binding site and reduces the effect of the agonist
What is the result of competitive antagonism on the dose-response curve?
A shift to the right with no change in slope
What is the primary difference between tachyphylaxis and tolerance?
Tachyphylaxis occurs rapidly, while tolerance develops slowly
What is the mechanism of non-competitive antagonism that leads to a maximal response?
Binding to an allosteric site and reducing the effect of the agonist
What is the result of irreversible antagonism on the receptor?
The receptor is permanently bound and inactivated
What is the mechanism of tachyphylaxis and tolerance that involves changes in the receptor?
Loss of receptors
What is the characteristic of ligands that bind to intracellular nuclear receptors?
Lipophilic compounds
What is the function of the DNA-binding domain of intracellular nuclear receptors?
Recognizing specific base sequences
What is the role of the zinc atom in the zinc fingers of intracellular nuclear receptors?
Knotted together by a cluster of 4 cysteine residues
What is the effect of altered protein synthesis on the physiological response to intracellular nuclear receptors?
Slow onset of action
What is the significance of the variable region upstream of the DNA-binding domain in intracellular nuclear receptors?
Controlling gene transcription
What is the focus of pharmacogenomics in relation to therapeutic drugs?
The genetic influence of an individual on therapeutic drugs
Learn about pharmacodynamics, the study of how drugs affect the body, and its mechanisms of action. Discover how drugs bind to specific target proteins and affect physiological function. Test your knowledge on this crucial aspect of pharmacology!
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