Pharmacodynamics and Drug Receptors

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What determines the concentration of a drug at its site of action?

Drug metabolism

Drug excretion routes

Pharmacodynamics (correct)

Pharmacokinetics

What type of molecule serves as drug binding targets in addition to proteins?

Steroids

DNA (correct)

Lipids

Carbohydrates

Which type of drug mimics the effects of endogenous regulators of the receptor it binds to?

Noncompetitive inhibitor

Antagonist

Competitive inhibitor

Agonist (correct)

What is the most common route for drug excretion?

Through the kidney and out of the body in urine Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of an antagonist on the function of a receptor?

Prevents the effect of endogenous agonists Signup and view all the answers

What two important properties do pharmacologic antagonists have?

Do not elicit a biologic response in the absence of an agonist Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important for drugs to be reasonably hydrophilic for kidney excretion?

To facilitate their excretion in urine Signup and view all the answers

What impact does impaired kidney function have on drug elimination?

Reduces ability to eliminate hydrophilic drugs Signup and view all the answers

How can the effects of a competitive pharmacologic antagonist be overcome?

By adding more agonist Signup and view all the answers

Which organ is responsible for most of the enzymatic drug-metabolizing reactions?

Gastrointestinal tract and liver Signup and view all the answers

What is a common consequence of drugs inhibiting drug-metabolizing enzymes?

Increased drug-drug interactions Signup and view all the answers

According to pharmacology, what relationship exists between a drug's concentration at its site of action and its action?

A concentration-response relationship Signup and view all the answers

What does pharmacokinetics primarily concern?

The effects of the body on the administered drug Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a process involved in pharmacokinetics?

Activation Signup and view all the answers

What is first-pass metabolism in relation to drug administration?

It refers to the metabolism of drugs before they enter the bloodstream Signup and view all the answers

Which route of drug administration allows for direct absorption into the systemic venous circulation?

Sublingual Signup and view all the answers

What can affect the rate and efficiency of drug absorption?

Gastric emptying and tablet disintegration Signup and view all the answers

Which process involves movement of drug molecules through different body compartments and barriers?

Distribution Signup and view all the answers