Pharmaceutical Technology: Evaporation and Evaporators Quiz

Evaporation may be defined as the removal of a solvent from a solution by vaporization for the concentration of solutions by ______

Evaporation is used to increase the concentration of relatively non-volatile dissolved or suspended components in a solution or slurry by evaporating portions of the liquid phase using energy supplied by a medium, often ______

The dissolved or suspended components do NOT appear in the vapor phase (If they do, the process is referred to as ______)

Example of applications: concentration of aqueous solutions of sugar, sodium chloride, sodium hydroxide, glycerol, glue, milk, and orange ______

The important product in evaporation can be either the more concentrated mixture left behind or the overhead vapor (which is often, but not necessarily, subsequently ______)

Definition and Process of Evaporation

Evaporation is defined as the removal of a solvent from a solution through vaporization aimed at concentrating the solution.
This process is employed to elevate the concentration of non-volatile dissolved or suspended components by removing parts of the liquid phase.
Energy for evaporation is typically supplied by a medium, facilitating the conversion of liquid to vapor.

Nature of Components

Dissolved or suspended components remain in the liquid and do not enter the vapor phase during evaporation.
If components do appear in the vapor phase, the process is classified as distillation.

Applications of Evaporation

Common applications include concentrating aqueous solutions of:
- Sugar
- Sodium chloride
- Sodium hydroxide
- Glycerol
- Glue
- Milk
- Orange juice

Products of Evaporation

The main products resulting from evaporation can be either:
- A more concentrated mixture remaining after solvent removal.
- Overhead vapor which may be processed further or used as a valuable byproduct.