Evaporation in Pharmaceutical Technology Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the process of evaporation?

  • The mixing of a solvent with a solution by dissolution
  • The separation of a solvent from a solution by filtration
  • The removal of a solvent from a solution by vaporization (correct)
  • The addition of a solvent to a solution by condensation

    • What is the formula for heat transfer to boiling liquids in an evaporator?

  • $q = U - A. \Delta T$
  • $q = \frac{U}{A}. \Delta T$
  • $q = U. A. \Delta T$ (correct)
  • $q = U + A. \Delta T$

    • What is the boiling point rise (B.P.R.)?

  • The difference between the boiling point of an aqueous solution and that of water at the same pressure (correct)
  • The increase in pressure during the boiling process
  • The decrease in temperature during the boiling process
  • The difference between the melting point of an aqueous solution and that of water at the same pressure

    • What does the formula $\Delta T$ represent in heat transfer to boiling liquids in an evaporator?

    <p>Temperature differences between the steam and the solution to be evaporated</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is evaporation classified in terms of circulation?

    <p>Natural and forced circulation evaporators as well as film evaporators</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the overall heat transfer coefficient, U, in the formula for heat transfer to boiling liquids in an evaporator?

    <p>The combined coefficient for all resistances to heat transfer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'Boiling Point Rise' (B.P.R.) refer to?

    <p>The increase in boiling point of a solution compared to the boiling point of the pure solvent at the same pressure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the Duhring rule in relation to aqueous solutions?

    <p>It states that the boiling point of an aqueous solution is a linear function of the boiling point of water at the same pressure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'Hydrostatic head' refer to in relation to the pressure in a liquid?

    <p>The pressure exerted by the liquid column on a given point in a liquid.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of evaporator uses natural circulation?

    <p>Evaporating still</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between the boiling points of two different solutions at the same pressure called?

    <p>Boiling Point Rise (B.P.R.)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At fixed pressure, under what conditions is the boiling point of a solution higher than that of water?

    <p>When the solution has a higher concentration of solute than water.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the pressure as a liquid rises through tubes?

    <p>The pressure decreases as the liquid rises through tubes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If steam with a temperature of 389 oK is used to heat both water and a 10% NaCl solution, what will be the difference in temperature ($ riangle T$) for water?

    <p>$ riangle T = 16$ oK</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Duhrings plot' is used to determine which relationship?

    <p>The relationship between boiling points of water and solutions at fixed pressure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'Pharmaceutical technology (PT-418)' discuss?

    <p>Equipment for pharmaceutical processing</p> Signup and view all the answers

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