Pharmaceutical Preservatives and Non-ionic Surfactants Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the hydrophobic group in a-Dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride?

  • Benzyl
  • Dodecyl (correct)
  • Dimethyl
  • Ammonium

Which type of surfactants do not ionize in solution?

  • Cationic Surfactants
  • Ester Linked Surfactants
  • Anionic Surfactants
  • Ether Linked Surfactants (correct)

What is the general formula of Sorbitan fatty acid esters (Spans)?

  • R is the hydrophobic group and x is usually halogen
  • R-O-CH2- CH2
  • R-OH + H2C - CH2 O OH
  • R – O – (CH2 CH2 O)n H (correct)

What role do Ether Linked Surfactants play in emulsions?

<p>Prepare O/W emulsions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are Sorbitan fatty acid esters prepared?

<p>Esterification of sorbitan with fatty acid (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does the hydrophilic group play in surfactants?

<p>Attract water (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are non-polar solubilizates dissolved inside the micelle?

<p>In the micelle core (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the process of bringing water-insoluble molecules into aqueous solution by incorporating them into micelles?

<p>Solubilization (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which position within the micelle do water-insoluble compounds containing polar groups orient themselves?

<p>At the micelle surface (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of drugs are examples of micelle-solubilized drugs according to the text?

<p>Vitamins (A, D, E &amp; K) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the oldest application of solubilization mentioned in the text?

<p>Solubilization of cresol in soap solution (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where does solubilization occur in non-ionic polyoxyethylanated surfactants?

<p>In the polyoxyethylene shell (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the optimal HLB range for a wetting agent to function efficiently?

<p>6 to 9 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of emulsion do ionized surfactants with strong polar groups favor?

<p>Oil-in-water (O/W) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic of nonionic surfactants determines whether they favor O/W or W/O emulsion?

<p>Possession of polyoxyethylene moieties (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of emulsion can have greater than 50% disperse phase according to the text?

<p>Oil-in-water (O/W) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do detergents primarily aim to remove?

<p>Dirt (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do emulsifying agents significantly alter coalescence rates?

<p>By decreasing coalescence (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a contact angle of 0° signify between a liquid and a solid?

<p>Complete wetting (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which equation represents one of the alternative forms of Young’s equation that excludes γS or γSL?

<p>S = γL (cos θ – 1) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When does the contact angle between a water droplet and a greasy surface result?

<p>When the water wets the greasy surface incompletely (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when a drop of water is placed on a scrupulously clean glass surface?

<p>It spreads spontaneously with no contact angle (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does adding an appropriate wetting agent to water cause on a greasy surface?

<p>Increased wetting (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which scenario would the spreading coefficient be high on clean glass?

<p>Contact angle of 0° between water and cleaned glass (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of holding molecules at the surface of a solid called?

<p>Sorption (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which action of surfactants involves the wetting of both dirt and the surface to be cleaned initially?

<p>Initial wetting of dirt and surfaces (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do surfactants exert their antimicrobial activity through adsorption on the cell surface?

<p>Decreasing permeability of the lipid cell membrane (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what situation does adsorption on a solid interface occur?

<p>To reduce the surface free energy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one mechanism through which surfactants may increase the activity of other antibacterial compounds?

<p>Decreasing interfacial tension between liquid phase and cell wall (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes adsorption on a liquid interface from adsorption on a solid interface?

<p>Reduction of interfacial tension only in liquid interface adsorption (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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