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Questions and Answers
Which technique is ideal for blending eutectic formers in pharmaceutical powders?
Which technique is ideal for blending eutectic formers in pharmaceutical powders?
- Fluidized air mixer
- Motionless mixer
- Spatulation (correct)
- Paddle blenders
What is the range of particle size provided by intermediate grinders in industrial comminution?
What is the range of particle size provided by intermediate grinders in industrial comminution?
- 200 to 400 mesh
- 20 to 200 mesh (correct)
- 1.5 to 60 inches
- Smaller than 200 mesh
Which glidant is known to possibly enhance flow in pharmaceutical powders by decreasing the repose and internal friction angles?
Which glidant is known to possibly enhance flow in pharmaceutical powders by decreasing the repose and internal friction angles?
- Starch
- Talc
- Calcium carbonate
- Magnesium stearate (correct)
Which property of powders is important for therapeutic efficacy?
Which property of powders is important for therapeutic efficacy?
What plays a key role in the dissolution of powders?
What plays a key role in the dissolution of powders?
In what range should particle size be for powders used for inhalation?
In what range should particle size be for powders used for inhalation?
What is the science that deals with small particle properties such as size, shape, and density?
What is the science that deals with small particle properties such as size, shape, and density?
What method can be used for particle size analysis with concerns about poor dispersion and thermal gradients?
What method can be used for particle size analysis with concerns about poor dispersion and thermal gradients?
How does particle shape impact behavior in biological systems?
How does particle shape impact behavior in biological systems?
What governs the measurement of surface area of particles?
What governs the measurement of surface area of particles?
How can pore size measurement be done?
How can pore size measurement be done?
What is powder flowability defined as?
What is powder flowability defined as?
What is used to measure the flow properties of powders?
What is used to measure the flow properties of powders?
What influences the flowability of powders?
What influences the flowability of powders?
What is porosity a measure of in a powder material?
What is porosity a measure of in a powder material?
What are the density measurements important for?
What are the density measurements important for?
What can be used to measure the height and radius of the cone in the angle of repose measurement?
What can be used to measure the height and radius of the cone in the angle of repose measurement?
What do particles produced by different processes may have different?
What do particles produced by different processes may have different?
What does the Hausner ratio measure in tapped density measurements?
What does the Hausner ratio measure in tapped density measurements?
Which method for determining particle size involves a set of stacked sieves in a column, with mesh openings decreasing in size from top to bottom?
Which method for determining particle size involves a set of stacked sieves in a column, with mesh openings decreasing in size from top to bottom?
What does Stoke’s Law apply to in the context of particle size determination?
What does Stoke’s Law apply to in the context of particle size determination?
Which method involves the tendency for particles in suspension to settle out of the fluid and come to rest against a barrier?
Which method involves the tendency for particles in suspension to settle out of the fluid and come to rest against a barrier?
What is the primary purpose of using wet sieving in particle size determination?
What is the primary purpose of using wet sieving in particle size determination?
What factor is NOT used to decide particle size distribution?
What factor is NOT used to decide particle size distribution?
What type of particle size distribution is desired in pharmaceutical preparations?
What type of particle size distribution is desired in pharmaceutical preparations?
Which method is best for particles larger than 50 to 100 µm in diameter?
Which method is best for particles larger than 50 to 100 µm in diameter?
What is the primary purpose of wet sieving for fine insoluble particles?
What is the primary purpose of wet sieving for fine insoluble particles?
What is utilized in the sedimentation method for particle size determination?
What is utilized in the sedimentation method for particle size determination?
What method involves the movement through the fluid to measure particle size?
What method involves the movement through the fluid to measure particle size?
What is the primary purpose of using wet sieving in particle size determination?
What is the primary purpose of using wet sieving in particle size determination?
What does Stoke’s Law apply to in the context of particle size determination?
What does Stoke’s Law apply to in the context of particle size determination?
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Study Notes
Particle Size and Distribution in Pharmaceutical Preparations
- Particle size and distribution influence powder mixing, compression, wetability, and mechanical flow in solid dosage forms.
- Narrow particle size distribution is desired in pharmaceutical preparations, as wide size distribution leads to inaccurate dosing and inconsistent performance.
- The majority of particles in solid dosage forms are irregular in shape and size.
- Factors deciding particle size distribution include frequency, mean, and standard deviation, and the distribution curve is obtained by plotting frequency against the arithmetic mean of the particle size group.
- Pharmaceutical powders often do not possess normal particle size distribution.
- Methods for determining particle size include electron microscopy, optical microscopy, Coulter counter, and sieving method.
- The sieving method involves a set of stacked sieves in a column, with mesh openings decreasing in size from top to bottom, and the bottom pan catching particles that pass through all sieves.
- The sieving method is best for particles larger than 50 to 100 µm in diameter, and the initial sample size is important to produce consistent results.
- Wet sieving may be appropriate for fine insoluble particles, as the top sieve is washed with water to help move particles to the appropriate sieve.
- Sedimentation method involves the tendency for particles in suspension to settle out of the fluid and come to rest against a barrier, and the movement through the fluid is used to measure particle size.
- Stoke’s Law applies to the sedimentation method, with the velocity of sedimentation being used to measure particle size.
- The sedimentation method utilizes an Andreasen pipette, a graduated cylinder, and controlled temperature for particle size determination.
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