Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT a reason for using dosage forms?

  • To mask the taste and odor of the drug
  • To increase the absorption rate of all drugs (correct)
  • To protect the drug from degradation
  • To provide accurate dosing

    • What type of tablet is designed to dissolve in the mouth?

  • Sublingual tablets (correct)
  • Effervescent tablets
  • Chewable tablets
  • Enteric coated tablets

    • Which of the following is an example of a modified-release dosage form?

  • Molded tablets
  • Sustained-release tablets (correct)
  • Compressed tablets
  • Sugar-coated tablets

    • What is the primary difference between sustained-release and controlled-release dosage forms?

    <p>Sustained-release tablets release the drug at a constant rate over a period of time, while controlled-release tablets release the drug at a variable rate. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a classification of dosage forms based on their route of administration?

    <p>Effervescent (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary factor that determines the choice of manufacturing method for compressed tablets?

    <p>The chemical properties of the drug (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of molded tablets?

    <p>They are often used for drugs that are difficult to compress. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a major advantage of compressed tablets?

    <p>All of the above. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of compressed tablet manufacturing method is most suitable for drugs that are sensitive to both moisture and heat?

    <p>Powder compression (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of enteric-coated tablets?

    <p>To protect the drug from degradation by stomach acid. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of diluents in compressed tablet formulations?

    <p>To increase the volume of the tablet to a desired size (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of binders in compressed tablet formulations?

    <p>To promote the adhesion of powder particles to form granules (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main characteristic of disintegrating agents in tablets?

    <p>They are highly hydrophilic, promoting water uptake (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are lubricants added to compressed tablet formulations?

    <p>To prevent the tablet from sticking to the die and punch (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of good flowability in the manufacturing of compressed tablets?

    <p>It ensures uniform distribution of drug in the tablet (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these excipients is NOT specifically designed to enhance tablet disintegration?

    <p>Lubricants (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT an advantage of oral thin films (OTFs) for patients?

    <p>Reduced risk of drug interactions due to a different route of administration (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of a coating on a tablet?

    <p>To protect the tablet from environmental factors and extend its shelf life (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are buccal and sublingual medications administered in the mouth rather than swallowed?

    <p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following accurately describes the purpose of effervescent tablets?

    <p>To provide a pleasant tasting carbonated drink when dissolved in water (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of medication is specifically designed for administration to children?

    <p>Chewable tablets (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are capsules considered advantageous in medication delivery?

    <p>They can mask the unpleasant taste of certain medications (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary advantage of using oral thin films (OTFs) for pharmaceutical companies?

    <p>They can improve the bioavailability of the active substance (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of effervescent tablets?

    <p>They dissolve slowly and release carbon dioxide (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of lozenges?

    <p>They are typically intended for topical application on the skin. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between granules and powders?

    <p>Granules are designed to improve the flow properties of powders, while powders are intended for direct ingestion. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of dental cones?

    <p>To prevent infection by inhibiting bacterial growth. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of dosage form is typically used for potent medications that need to be administered in precise doses?

    <p>Capsules (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the sugar and gum in lozenges?

    <p>To provide a slow release of the medicament. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following dosage forms is typically used for oils and active ingredients dissolved or suspended in oil?

    <p>Soft-gelatin capsules (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary distinction between bulk powders and other types of powders?

    <p>Bulk powders are usually dispensed in pre-measured sachets, while other powders are measured by the patient. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a distinguishing characteristic of an oral elixir?

    <p>It is a pleasantly flavored, clear liquid preparation of potent drugs. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of an oral emulsion?

    <p>To stabilize a dispersion of oil in water or vice versa. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What makes oral drops unique from other liquid dosage forms?

    <p>They are intended to be administered in small volumes with a measuring device. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary functional difference between a gargle and a mouthwash?

    <p>Gargles are used for treating throat infections, while mouthwashes are for oral hygiene. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following dosage forms is an anhydrous, greasy preparation?

    <p>Ointments (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of cream is composed of small droplets of oil dispersed in a continuous aqueous phase?

    <p>Oil-in-water (O/W) cream (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a syrup?

    <p>It is a semi-solid preparation. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a true statement about oral suspensions?

    <p>They may show a sediment that is readily dispersed upon shaking. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the three main reasons doctors prefer inhalers over nebulizers?

    <p>Inhalers are more convenient, less expensive, and have fewer potential side effects (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of eye drops?

    <p>To deliver medication directly to the eye (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these is NOT a possible component of ophthalmic eye drops?

    <p>Antipyretics (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the potential risks associated with using oily nasal drops?

    <p>They can damage the cilia of the nasal mucosa (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of nasal sprays and drops?

    <p>To deliver medication directly to the nasal passages (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms

    • Dosage forms are the ways drugs are delivered to target sites in the body.
    • The need for dosage forms includes:
      • Providing an accurate drug dose.
      • Protecting the drug from gastric juices.
      • Masking the taste and odor of the drug.
      • Facilitating drug placement within body tissues.
      • Providing sustained or controlled release.
      • Facilitating insertion into body cavities (e.g.,rectal, vaginal).
      • Using the appropriate vehicle for insoluble drugs.

    Classification of Dosage Forms

    • Dosage forms are classified by:
      • Route of Administration:
        • Oral
        • Topical
        • Semisolid
        • Rectal
        • Parenteral
        • Vaginal
        • Inhaled
        • Ophthalmic
        • Otic
      • Physical Form:
        • Solid
        • Liquid
        • Semisolid

    Oral Dosage Forms: Tablets

    • Tablet: A hard, compressed medication in round, oval, or square shapes.
    • Types of tablets include:
      • Molded
      • Compressed
      • Multiple Compressed
      • Sugar-Coated
      • Film-coated
      • Gelatin-coated
      • Enteric-coated
      • Buccal or Sublingual
      • Chewable
      • Effervescent

    Oral Dosage Forms: Other Forms

    • Capsules: Gelatin containers for medications. Advantages include masking unpleasant tastes.
      • Types of capsules include: hard and soft gelatin
    • Oral Thin Films (OTFs):
      • Taken orally and dissolve/applied to the oral mucosa.
      • Advantages for patients: easy, safe, accurate application; good for treating children and those who have swallowing difficulties.
      • Advantages for companies: improved bioavailability; often requires less of the active substance.
    • Effervescent Tablets: Uncoated tablets containing acids (citric, tartaric) and carbonates/bicarbonates. They dissolve rapidly in water, releasing carbon dioxide. Used for rapid dispersion and dissolution and creating a pleasant-tasting drink.
    • Chewable Tablets: Designed for easy administration to children and come in various flavors.
    • Granules: Solid, dry aggregates often supplied in single-dose sachets; intended for dissolution in water before use, some are placed on the tongue for swallowing.

    Other Dosage Forms

    • Pessaries: Solid, semi-solid medicated preparations for vaginal use.
      • Types of pessaries include moulded and compressed.
    • Suppositories: Small, semi-solid medicated masses typically inserted rectally for localized or systemic effects.
    • Enemas: Liquid preparations introduced into the rectum and colon via the anus.
    • Powders: Mixed powders of finely divided drug substances in dry form and can be in bulk, or stored in individual sachets.
    • Solutions: Clear, liquid preparations that contain one or more active ingredients dissolved in a suitable vehicle.
    • Emulsions: Stabilized oil-in-water or water-in-oil dispersions; they may provide better absorption rates and taste masking if the medication has a bad taste.
    • Suspensions: Liquid preparations of finely divided solid particles that are dispersed but not dissolved in a liquid vehicle; patients usually shake the suspension to get a uniform dose.
    • Syrups: Concentrated aqueous sugar solutions where medication is dissolved; convenient for masking unpleasant tastes
    • Elixirs: Pleasant, flavored, clear liquid preparations. This preparation is potent in medicine and may contain high proportions of ethanol or sucrose for stability.
    • Gels: Semi-solid systems of natural or synthetic gums. Used for medication and lubrication.

    Parenteral Dosage Forms

    • Injections: Infusion method of putting liquids into the body using a needle and syringe. -Types of injections include intravenous (IV), intramuscular (IM), subcutaneous (SC), and intradermal (ID).

    Other Dosage Forms

    • Ointments: Semi-solid, greasy preparations for topical application to skin, rectum, or nasal mucosa.
    • Creams: Semi-solid emulsions of oil and water—often more comfortable and cosmetically acceptable due to less greasiness.
      • Can be oil-in-water or water-in-oil types
    • Lotions: are fluid preparations primarily used topically; water based.
    • Gargles: Aqueous solutions designed to soothe and/or medicate the throat; often dispensed in higher concentration.
    • Nasal Drops and Sprays: Nasal instillations used for local treatment in the nose; useful for medications such as antihistamines and decongestive medication.
    • Eye Drops: Saline solution containing medications like steroids, antihistamines, and anesthetics to medicate the eye or provide lubrication.
    • Ophthalmic Ointment and Gels: Sterile semi-solid preparations for application to the conjunctiva and eyelid margin.
    • Ear Drops: Solutions, suspensions, or emulsions to medicate or treat infections of the outer ear or ear canal.

    Tablet Manufacturing Methods

    • Molded method: Used for creating the solid forms of a tablet.
    • Compression method: Compressing powdered materials into tablets.
    • Tablet manufacturing may utilize classification of manufacturing methods such as wet granulation, dry granulation, direct compression, powders, and crystal compression.

    Tablet Excipients

    • Diluenst: Increase volume of the tablet to desired size. Includes lactose, dextrin, cellulose, starch, etc.
    • Binders: Promote adhesion of particles; commonly used agents include water, ethanol, starch, gelatin, and sugars like sucrose, glucose.
    • Disintegrants: Breakup tablets into smaller components; promote dissolution and subsequent bioavailability; mainly hydrophilic; common agents include starch, cellulose derivatives.
    • Lubricants: Reduce friction between the die and punch by coating the particles; common agents include talc, magnesium stearate.

    Coatinig

    • Coating is applied to tablets for various purposes, including masking tastes, improving appearance, and increasing tablet's stability.

    8-Pastilles

    • Solid medicated preparations intended for slow dissolution in the mouth. They are usually softer than lozenges.
    • Their bases can be glycerol, acacia, or other similar materials.

    9-Dental Cones

    • Tablet form placed in empty tooth sockets after extraction to prevent bacteria growth.
    • May contain antibiotics.

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    Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms PDF

    Description

    Test your knowledge on pharmaceutical dosage forms with this quiz. It covers various types of tablets, their manufacturing methods, and characteristics. Ideal for students in pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences.

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