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Pharmaceutical Dosage Form I - Lecture 5: Formulation Work A

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Pharmaceutical Dosage Form I - Lecture 5: Formulation Work A

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Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of controlled flocculation in pharmaceutical dosage forms?

To increase the zeta potential of particles

To induce the formation of a cake

To prevent the formation of compact sediment (correct)

To disperse the particles evenly

How is controlled flocculation usually achieved?

Addition of surfactants only

Use of extreme heat and pressure

Combination of particle size control, use of electrolytes, and addition of polymers (correct)

Mechanical agitation only

What is the role of electrolytes in converting a suspension from a deflocculated to a partially flocculated state?

Alter the zeta potential and reduce the electric barrier between particles (correct)

Increase the repulsion force between particles

Cause further deflocculation

Stabilize the suspension

What do polymers termed as 'polyelectrolytes' do in controlled flocculation?

Become ionized in an aqueous solution and act both electrostatically and sterically Signup and view all the answers

How do electrolytes act as flocculating agents?

By reducing the electric barrier between particles and decreasing the zeta potential Signup and view all the answers

What are the most widely used electrolytes for flocculation?

Sodium salts of acetates, phosphates, and citrates Signup and view all the answers

What effect does a decrease in zeta potential have on suspended particles?

It leads to a decrease in repulsion force and the formation of a bridge between adjacent particles Signup and view all the answers

Which type of surfactants can cause flocculation by neutralizing the charge?

Anionic surfactants Signup and view all the answers

How do optimum concentrations of surfactants reduce the surface tension between liquid medium and solid particles?

By reducing the surface tension Signup and view all the answers

What effect do non-ionic surfactants have on the charge density of a particle?

They have a negligible effect on the charge density Signup and view all the answers

How do polymeric flocculating agents promote flocculation?

By forming bridges between projected parts of the polymer chains Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of structured entrapping vehicles in relation to flocculated particles?

To increase physical stability of suspension by retarding sedimentation rate Signup and view all the answers

Which type of polymers are examples of structured entrapping vehicles?

Non-Newtonian polymers with thixotropic behavior Signup and view all the answers

1

What type of methods can be applied after adding wetting agent and dispersion medium to particles? Signup and view all the answers

What are structured vehicles used to increase in suspensions?

Viscosity Signup and view all the answers