5 Questions
What type of acid is HNO3?
Monoprotic acid
How is H3PO4 commonly prepared?
Contact or catalytic process
What is the characteristic odor of HNO3?
Highly irritating odor
What is the percentage range of H2SO4 in its aqueous solution?
94%-98%
What is the color of H3PO4?
Colorless
Study Notes
Pharmaceutical Aids and Necessities
- Important for the preparation, prevention, and storage of pharmaceutical products
Acids and Bases
- Inorganic acids:
- Boric acid (H3BO3)
- Phosphoric acid (H3PO4)
- Hydrochloric acid (HCl)
- Nitric acid (HNO3)
- Sulfuric acid (H2SO4)
Boric Acid
- Also known as "boracic acid", "hydrogen borate", or "orthoboric acid"
- Physical properties:
- Colorless, odorless pearly scales or white odorless powder
- Uncutuous to touch, with a soapy feeling
- Solubility:
- Soluble in water and alcohol
- Freely soluble in glycerin, boiling water, and boiling alcohol
- Uses:
- Antiseptic and weak bacteriostatic agent in solutions, ointments, and dusting powder
- Eyewash (2.5-4.5%)
- Buffer in ophthalmic solutions and preparations
- Important note: Not to be taken orally
Hydrochloric Acid (HCl)
- Also known as "muriatic acid", "spirit of sea salt", or "marine acid"
- Physical properties:
- Colorless fuming liquid with a pungent odor
- Concentration: 36-38% HCl
- Uses:
- Acidifying agent that reacts with organic molecules to form "hydrochloride" salts
- Diluted HCl is similar to gastric juice (about 0.5%)
Test your knowledge about pharmaceutical aids and necessities, including acids, bases, buffers, and antioxidants within the pharmaceutical industry.
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