Pharmaceutical Aids and Necessities Chapter IV Quiz

Pharmaceutical Aids and Necessities

• Important for the preparation, prevention, and storage of pharmaceutical products

Acids and Bases

• Inorganic acids:
  • Boric acid (H3BO3)
  • Phosphoric acid (H3PO4)
  • Hydrochloric acid (HCl)
  • Nitric acid (HNO3)
  • Sulfuric acid (H2SO4)

Boric Acid

• Also known as "boracic acid", "hydrogen borate", or "orthoboric acid"
• Physical properties:
  • Colorless, odorless pearly scales or white odorless powder
  • Uncutuous to touch, with a soapy feeling
• Solubility:
  • Soluble in water and alcohol
  • Freely soluble in glycerin, boiling water, and boiling alcohol
• Uses:
  • Antiseptic and weak bacteriostatic agent in solutions, ointments, and dusting powder
  • Eyewash (2.5-4.5%)
  • Buffer in ophthalmic solutions and preparations
• Important note: Not to be taken orally

Hydrochloric Acid (HCl)

• Also known as "muriatic acid", "spirit of sea salt", or "marine acid"
• Physical properties:
  • Colorless fuming liquid with a pungent odor
  • Concentration: 36-38% HCl
• Uses:
  • Acidifying agent that reacts with organic molecules to form "hydrochloride" salts
  • Diluted HCl is similar to gastric juice (about 0.5%)