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Questions and Answers
What is the term for the scientific study of hair, its diseases, and its care?
What is the term for the scientific study of hair, its diseases, and its care?
- Dermatology
- Hairalogy
- Trichology (correct)
- Scalpology
What is the part of the hair located below the surface of the epidermis?
What is the part of the hair located below the surface of the epidermis?
- Hair follicle
- Hair root (correct)
- Hair bulb
- Hair shaft
Where are hair follicles not found in the body?
Where are hair follicles not found in the body?
- Back
- Scalp
- Palms of the hands and the soles of the feet (correct)
- Arms
What is the lower part of the hair strand that fits over and covers the dermal papilla?
What is the lower part of the hair strand that fits over and covers the dermal papilla?
What is the tube-like depression or pocket in the skin or scalp that contains the hair root?
What is the tube-like depression or pocket in the skin or scalp that contains the hair root?
What is the portion of the hair that projects above the epidermis?
What is the portion of the hair that projects above the epidermis?
What is the inner layer of skin that the hair follicle extends into?
What is the inner layer of skin that the hair follicle extends into?
What is the goal of this course?
What is the goal of this course?
What is the role of the fungus Malassezia in causing dandruff?
What is the role of the fungus Malassezia in causing dandruff?
What is the name of the fungus that is normally found on the human scalp and is believed to play a role in causing dandruff?
What is the name of the fungus that is normally found on the human scalp and is believed to play a role in causing dandruff?
What is a common symptom of seborrheic dermatitis?
What is a common symptom of seborrheic dermatitis?
Which of the following is NOT a common site for seborrheic dermatitis?
Which of the following is NOT a common site for seborrheic dermatitis?
What is a factor that worsens seborrheic dermatitis?
What is a factor that worsens seborrheic dermatitis?
What is the age group most commonly affected by seborrheic dermatitis?
What is the age group most commonly affected by seborrheic dermatitis?
What is the male-to-female ratio of seborrheic dermatitis?
What is the male-to-female ratio of seborrheic dermatitis?
What is the name of the condition characterized by itching, burning, flaking, and redness of the skin?
What is the name of the condition characterized by itching, burning, flaking, and redness of the skin?
What is the likely association with the presence of high levels of dandruff?
What is the likely association with the presence of high levels of dandruff?
What is the prevalence of dandruff in the population at some time in their lives?
What is the prevalence of dandruff in the population at some time in their lives?
At what age does the incidence of dandruff reach its peak?
At what age does the incidence of dandruff reach its peak?
What is a common symptom of dandruff?
What is a common symptom of dandruff?
Why is it important to refer patients with severe manifestations of dandruff?
Why is it important to refer patients with severe manifestations of dandruff?
What is a commonality among the conditions discussed in this chapter, except tinea capitis?
What is a commonality among the conditions discussed in this chapter, except tinea capitis?
What is the typical time frame for telogen effluvium to occur after significant physical or emotional stress?
What is the typical time frame for telogen effluvium to occur after significant physical or emotional stress?
What is the common outcome of telogen effluvium?
What is the common outcome of telogen effluvium?
Which of the following is a hormonal change that can lead to hair loss?
Which of the following is a hormonal change that can lead to hair loss?
What is the primary concern of hair loss during pregnancy?
What is the primary concern of hair loss during pregnancy?
Which medication is known to cause hair loss?
Which medication is known to cause hair loss?
What is the purpose of propylene glycol in minoxidil?
What is the purpose of propylene glycol in minoxidil?
What is the ideal scenario for minoxidil treatment to be successful?
What is the ideal scenario for minoxidil treatment to be successful?
What is the concentration of minoxidil available for use in hair loss?
What is the concentration of minoxidil available for use in hair loss?
What is the percentage of users who report hair regrowth of non-vellus hair and stabilization of hair loss?
What is the percentage of users who report hair regrowth of non-vellus hair and stabilization of hair loss?
What is the timeframe for seeing a reduction in hair loss when using minoxidil?
What is the timeframe for seeing a reduction in hair loss when using minoxidil?
How long should the lotion be left to dry naturally after application?
How long should the lotion be left to dry naturally after application?
What is the percentage of the drug that is absorbed systemically?
What is the percentage of the drug that is absorbed systemically?
What is the type of hair that will initially grow when using minoxidil?
What is the type of hair that will initially grow when using minoxidil?
What is the recommended frequency of applying the lotion?
What is the recommended frequency of applying the lotion?
What is the theoretical possibility of an effect on the body when using minoxidil?
What is the theoretical possibility of an effect on the body when using minoxidil?
What is the recommended duration of using minoxidil before abandoning treatment?
What is the recommended duration of using minoxidil before abandoning treatment?
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Study Notes
Hair and Scalp Disorders
- Trichology: the scientific study of hair, its diseases, and its care.
Structure of Hair
- Hair root: the part of the hair located below the surface of the epidermis
- Hair shaft: the portion of the hair that projects above the epidermis
Hair Follicle
- Defined as a tube-like depression or pocket in the skin or scalp that contains the hair root
- Distribution: hair follicles are distributed all over the body, with the exceptions of the palms of the hands and the soles of the feet
- Growth: the follicle extends downward from the epidermis into the dermis, where it surrounds the dermal papilla
- Sometimes more than one hair will grow from a single follicle
- Hair bulb: the lowest area or part of a hair strand that fits over and covers the dermal papilla
Dandruff
- Epidemiology: rare in young children, increases rapidly and reaches its peak in the second decade of life, declining gradually thereafter
- Signs and symptoms: excessive shedding of dead skin cells of the scalp in the form of scales, sometimes accompanied by itching and redness
- Etiology: exact reason for accelerated cell turnover is unknown; associated with genetic predisposition, emotional stress, changes in quantity or quality of sebum, and fungal infection (Malassezia ovalis, Pityrosporum ovale, and Pityrosporum orbiculare)
Seborrheic Dermatitis
- Signs and symptoms: itching, burning, flaking, and redness of the skin; scales are yellow-red and greasy
- Epidemiology: more common after puberty, affects men six times more than women, worsened by stress or poor health
- Etiology: precise cause remains unknown, with various theories including immunological, hormonal, and nutritional mechanisms
Hair Loss
- Influencing factors: hormonal changes during and after pregnancy, medication (cytotoxic drugs, anticoagulants, lipid-lowering agents, vitamin A), and stress
- Telogen effluvium: hair loss occurs 2-3 months after significant physical or emotional stress, with increased hair loss for a period of time before resolving spontaneously
Hair Loss Management
- Minoxidil: the only treatment licensed for use in hair loss, available as a 2% or 5% lotion
- Mechanism of action: unknown, but effective in promoting hair growth and stabilizing hair loss
- Application: apply twice daily to the dry scalp, lightly massage into the affected area, and leave to dry naturally
- Caution: irritant and allergic reactions to the alcohol/propylene glycol vehicle, theoretical possibility of hypotensive effect
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