PHAM1089: Antibacterial Agents Impairing Protein Synthesis L6 AND 7

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Which type of antibiotics are tetracyclines classified as?

Bactericidal agents

Antiviral agents

Broad-spectrum bacteriostatic agents (correct)

Antifungal agents

What is the role of ribosomal RNA in the mechanism of action of tetracyclines?

Serving as a target for tetracycline binding (correct)

Interacting with tetracycline derivatives

Facilitating protein synthesis

Binding to bacterial DNA

What is the significance of Cytosine-1054 in the mechanism of action of tetracyclines?

Involved in stacking interaction with a tetracycline derivative (correct)

Enhancing ribosomal RNA synthesis

Interfering with DNA replication

Promoting mRNA translation

Which antibiotic is specifically mentioned to have activity against drug-resistant pathogens like MRSA and VRE?

Omadacycline (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the key factor that may explain the selectivity of tetracyclines according to the text?

Pharmacokinetic factors like faster entry into bacterial cells (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which tetracycline derivative was granted fast-track approval by the FDA?

Eravacycline (B) Signup and view all the answers

What can happen in the laboratory when exposing microbes to nonlethal concentrations of penicillin?

Microbes can become resistant to penicillin. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the danger mentioned in the text regarding the availability of penicillin in shops?

People may underdose themselves and create resistant microbes. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which mechanism of genetic transfer is mentioned in relation to antimicrobial resistance in the text?

Transduction (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is a possible consequence if an ignorant person exposes microbes to nonlethal quantities of penicillin?

The microbes may develop resistance. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What may happen if penicillin becomes easily available in shops according to the text?

Increased risk of creating resistant microbes. (D) Signup and view all the answers

In the context of antimicrobial resistance, what is the concern associated with an ignorant person self-administering penicillin?

Creating drug-resistant microbes. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of chloramphenicol?

Inhibits the movement of ribosome along mRNA (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about aminoglycoside antibiotics is accurate?

They become trapped inside the cell and accumulate (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is a common mechanism of resistance to aminoglycoside antibiotics?

Gaining more effective efflux pumps (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which antibiotic has a classification based on aglycone ring size?

Erythromycin (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is crucial for the activity of macrolides?

Presence of two monosaccharides (D) Signup and view all the answers

Why do macrolides need 'special' oral formulations?

They are unstable to stomach acids (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason ketolides like Cethromycin are being investigated for prophylactic treatment of anthrax post-exposure?

To address high priority biodefense pathogens like anthrax (A) Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes Solithromycin from Telithromycin in terms of structural elements?

Aminobenzene instead of a triazole (B) Signup and view all the answers

What makes Tedizolid stand out in comparison to Linezolid?

Being a newer analog with higher potency (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which class of antibacterial agents does Linezolid belong to?

Oxazolidinones (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of action of (Fluoro)quinolones like ciprofloxacin?

Stabilizing DNA-topoisomerase complexes (A) Signup and view all the answers

How are aminoacridines like proflavin primarily used in antibacterial applications?

As topically applied agents for skin infections (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of using orphan drugs in pharmaceutical development?

To achieve extended exclusivity periods for drug marketing (A) Signup and view all the answers

Why are ketolides like Ketek subject to restrictions by the FDA in 2007?

Concerns regarding safety and potential adverse effects arise (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason behind the development of quinolones and fluoroquinolones?

As an advancement over previous antibiotics for DNA stabilization (B) Signup and view all the answers