PHAM1089: Antibacterial Agents Impairing Protein Synthesis L6 AND 7
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Questions and Answers

Which type of antibiotics are tetracyclines classified as?

  • Bactericidal agents
  • Antiviral agents
  • Broad-spectrum bacteriostatic agents (correct)
  • Antifungal agents

What is the role of ribosomal RNA in the mechanism of action of tetracyclines?

  • Serving as a target for tetracycline binding (correct)
  • Interacting with tetracycline derivatives
  • Facilitating protein synthesis
  • Binding to bacterial DNA

What is the significance of Cytosine-1054 in the mechanism of action of tetracyclines?

  • Involved in stacking interaction with a tetracycline derivative (correct)
  • Enhancing ribosomal RNA synthesis
  • Interfering with DNA replication
  • Promoting mRNA translation

Which antibiotic is specifically mentioned to have activity against drug-resistant pathogens like MRSA and VRE?

<p>Omadacycline (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the key factor that may explain the selectivity of tetracyclines according to the text?

<p>Pharmacokinetic factors like faster entry into bacterial cells (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which tetracycline derivative was granted fast-track approval by the FDA?

<p>Eravacycline (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can happen in the laboratory when exposing microbes to nonlethal concentrations of penicillin?

<p>Microbes can become resistant to penicillin. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the danger mentioned in the text regarding the availability of penicillin in shops?

<p>People may underdose themselves and create resistant microbes. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which mechanism of genetic transfer is mentioned in relation to antimicrobial resistance in the text?

<p>Transduction (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a possible consequence if an ignorant person exposes microbes to nonlethal quantities of penicillin?

<p>The microbes may develop resistance. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What may happen if penicillin becomes easily available in shops according to the text?

<p>Increased risk of creating resistant microbes. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of antimicrobial resistance, what is the concern associated with an ignorant person self-administering penicillin?

<p>Creating drug-resistant microbes. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of chloramphenicol?

<p>Inhibits the movement of ribosome along mRNA (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about aminoglycoside antibiotics is accurate?

<p>They become trapped inside the cell and accumulate (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common mechanism of resistance to aminoglycoside antibiotics?

<p>Gaining more effective efflux pumps (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which antibiotic has a classification based on aglycone ring size?

<p>Erythromycin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is crucial for the activity of macrolides?

<p>Presence of two monosaccharides (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do macrolides need 'special' oral formulations?

<p>They are unstable to stomach acids (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason ketolides like Cethromycin are being investigated for prophylactic treatment of anthrax post-exposure?

<p>To address high priority biodefense pathogens like anthrax (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes Solithromycin from Telithromycin in terms of structural elements?

<p>Aminobenzene instead of a triazole (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What makes Tedizolid stand out in comparison to Linezolid?

<p>Being a newer analog with higher potency (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which class of antibacterial agents does Linezolid belong to?

<p>Oxazolidinones (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of action of (Fluoro)quinolones like ciprofloxacin?

<p>Stabilizing DNA-topoisomerase complexes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are aminoacridines like proflavin primarily used in antibacterial applications?

<p>As topically applied agents for skin infections (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of using orphan drugs in pharmaceutical development?

<p>To achieve extended exclusivity periods for drug marketing (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are ketolides like Ketek subject to restrictions by the FDA in 2007?

<p>Concerns regarding safety and potential adverse effects arise (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason behind the development of quinolones and fluoroquinolones?

<p>As an advancement over previous antibiotics for DNA stabilization (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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