Types of Cohort Studies and Risk Calculation

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Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of a risk ratio?

  • To compare rates of disease in two groups that differ by demographic characteristics or exposure history (correct)
  • To measure the odds of exposure among case-patients
  • To measure the risk of an outcome among those who are exposed
  • To measure the risk of an outcome among those who are unexposed

What type of study is a cohort study?

  • Descriptive
  • Analytic
  • Risk
  • Follow up (correct)

What type of study design is recommended for investigating a preliminary hypothesis?

  • Cohort Study
  • Case-Control Study (correct)
  • Descriptive Study
  • Analytic Study

What is the calculation used to determine an odds ratio?

<p>The ratio of the odds of the first group divided by the odds in the second group (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of study is a retrospective cohort study?

<p>Prospective (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula for calculating the Exposure Odds Ratio?

<p>(a<em>d)/(b</em>c (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of study is a risk study?

<p>Analytic (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of ratio is usually from a cross-sectional study?

<p>Prevalence Odds Ratio (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the interpretation of a risk ratio of 5.8?

<p>The risk of diabetes among those who are obese is 5.8 times the risk among those who are non-obese (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Risk Ratio

Compares the rates of disease in two groups with different characteristics or exposure history.

Cohort Study

A study that follows a group of people over time to observe the development of disease.

Case-Control Study

A study that compares people who have a disease (cases) to people who don't (controls) to identify possible causes.

Odds Ratio

Measures the association between exposure and outcome.

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Retrospective Cohort Study

A type of cohort study that looks back in time to analyze past exposures and outcomes.

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Exposure Odds Ratio

A ratio used to calculate the strength of the association between exposure and outcome.

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Risk Study

A study that investigates the factors that contribute to the occurrence of a disease.

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Prevalence Odds Ratio

A ratio used to measure the association between exposure and outcome in a cross-sectional study.

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Risk Ratio Interpretation 

A risk ratio of 5.8 means the risk of the disease is 5.8 times higher in the exposed group than in the unexposed group.

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Study Notes

  • A cohort study is a study that follows a group of people who share a common characteristic or experience.
  • A cohort study can be used to find multiple outcomes from a single exposure.
  • A retrospective cohort study is a study that is conducted at the time that the exposure occurs, and the potential outcome has already occurred in the past.
  • A prospective cohort study is a study that is conducted when the exposure is rare and the outcome is common.
  • A risk study is a calculation that quantifies the probability of experiencing an outcome in a given population.
  • A descriptive study is a study that describes the key facts from a study.
  • An analytic study is a study that calculates the risk of an outcome in a given population.

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