(pg 108) RN's Care and Reflexes Assessment

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Questions and Answers

What is the recommended age range for a preschooler?

3-6 years (correct)

1-3 years

4-7 years

2-4 years

Which of the following is a red flag for an infant's developmental milestones?

Attempts by infant to lift head when lying facedown

Good weight gain

Extreme floppiness (correct)

Crawling by 14 months

What are the signs of separation anxiety that nurses should watch for in infants?

Difficulty when separated from caregivers (correct)

Excessive weight gain

Responding to loud noises

Avoiding eye contact with caregivers

Why is it important for nurses to meet the needs of both infants and families during hospitalization?

To promote effective care and support Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended timeframe for an infant check-up after discharge?

72 hours Signup and view all the answers

At what age does a baby typically begin to raise and support their head?

4 months Signup and view all the answers

When does a baby usually begin to sit unsupported?

6 months Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a sign of psychosocial/cognitive development in babies?

Expressing frustration and anger Signup and view all the answers

What is a common milestone related to language acquisition in babies around 9 months of age?

Saying 'dada' and 'mama' Signup and view all the answers

What age range do babies typically display stranger anxiety?

6-9 months Signup and view all the answers

Which milestone is associated with sensory development in babies?

Responding to parent's voices Signup and view all the answers

At what age do females typically experience a growth spurt?

10-12 years Signup and view all the answers

Which type of screening is NOT typically included in health screenings for school-aged children?

Dental check-up Signup and view all the answers

What developmental stage is characterized by the conflict of Industry vs. Inferiority, according to Erikson's theory?

Industry vs. Inferiority Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a concern related to nutrition in school-aged children?

Anemia Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a safety concern specifically mentioned for school-aged children?

Choking hazards Signup and view all the answers

What is a common focus of nursing implications for hospitalization in school-aged children?

Promoting independence Signup and view all the answers

At what age does the 'tonic neck' reflex typically disappear in infants?

6-8 months Signup and view all the answers

Which reflex is considered normal in infants when they feel startled or like they are falling?

Moro/startle reflex Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the big toe during the Babinski reflex in infants?

It bends back toward the top of the foot Signup and view all the answers

Which reflex involves the corresponding arm extending while the other arm bends when an infant's head is turned to the right or left?

Tonic neck reflex Signup and view all the answers

What does an infant typically do during the Moro/startle reflex?

Extend arms and legs Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to assess children from least to most invasive procedures?

It follows a standard protocol in pediatric assessments. Signup and view all the answers

Why are pediatric vital sign ranges age-specific?

To ensure safe and accurate assessment based on age-related norms. Signup and view all the answers

Why is blood pressure usually not taken on children under 3 years old?

It can cause discomfort and anxiety in young children. Signup and view all the answers

How should tympanic temperatures be taken for children under 3 years old?

Gently pull the lobe down. Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to encourage contact with peer groups for hospitalized adolescents?

To provide emotional support and reduce isolation. Signup and view all the answers

Why do children generally have weaker abdominal muscles compared to adults?

To accommodate their belly breathing pattern. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Safe Sleep Positioning and Equipment Recalls

Ensure safe sleep positioning to prevent SIDS
Check for toy and equipment recalls to prevent injuries

Infant Developmental Milestones and Concerns

Check for improvements in head control and response to loud noises
Red flags: no attempts to lift head, extreme floppiness, lack of response to sounds or visual cues, poor weight gain
Milestones: crawling by 12 months, responding to caregiver's eyes, and achieving developmental milestones

Infant and Family Care

Priority nursing implications: hospitalization, medication administration, meeting needs of infant and family, and addressing separation anxiety
Anticipatory guidance: medication administration, bathing, handling, developmental milestones, car seat safety, blood lead level screenings, injury prevention, and immunizations

Toddler and Preschooler Development

Toddler age range: 1-3 years
Preschooler age range: 3-6 years
Normal vital signs: temperature, pulse, respirations, and blood pressure

Physical Assessment and Growth Development

Adapt care to child's stage of growth and development
Height and length measurements: how many inches per year
Critical component: reflexes (tonic neck, Moro, and Babinski)
Reflexes disappear at specific ages: 4-6 months (tonic neck and Moro), 1 year (Babinski)

Language Acquisition and Sensory Development

Language acquisition: cooing, babbling, "dada" and "mama", and understanding words
Sensory development: hearing, vision, and responding to sounds and visual cues
Head control and sitting: 4-6 months, 8 months
Standing and walking: 9-12 months

Psychosocial and Cognitive Development

Recognizes familiar objects and people, expresses displeasure, and develops object permanence
Social smile, language acquisition, and cognitive development
Stranger anxiety, security objects, and displays emotions

Injury Prevention and Health Screenings

Well-baby check-ups: schedule and ages
Growth spurts: boys and girls
Prepubescence: typical age and physical changes
Dental care: first permanent teeth eruption, care, and exams
Health screenings: vision, hearing, scoliosis, and developmental milestones

School-Aged Child Development

Weight and height growth: 3 kg/year, 5 cm/year
Growth spurt: females (10-12 years), males (12 years)
Dental care: 6 years
Health screenings: vision, hearing, scoliosis, and developmental milestones
Psychosocial/intellectual development: Erikson stage, confidence, cognitive development, and solves problems

Adolescence Development

Growth spurts: females (10-12 years), males (12 years)
Visible sexual maturation: minimal in boys during preadolescence
Rapid growth occurs
Dental care: 6 years
Health screenings: vision, hearing, scoliosis, and developmental milestones
Cognitive development: solves problems, perspective, and conservation understood
Psychosocial development: confidence, industry vs. inferiority, and best friends

Pediatric Physical Assessment

Critical component: clinical judgment
Children are physically and anatomically different from adults
Proportionately larger heads, greater ratio of body surface area, and larger tongues and soft tissue
Shorter, narrower airway, weaker abdominal muscles, and belly breathers
Higher metabolic rates
Physical assessment pearls: assess least to most invasive, intrusive and painful areas last, and pediatric vital sign ranges are age-specific.

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Description

This quiz covers the responsibilities of Registered Nurses in adapting care and nursing interventions based on a child's growth and development stage. It also delves into the importance of understanding reflexes, particularly the disappearance age of tonic neck/fencing reflex. Test your knowledge on these critical components.