Petroleum Refining Process
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Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of demulsification in the refining of petroleum?

  • To remove sulphur compounds from the crude oil
  • To remove harmful impurities such as NaCl and MgCl2
  • To separate the crude oil into different fractions
  • To separate the emulsion of oil and salt water (correct)

    • What is the temperature to which the crude oil is heated in the fractional distillation process?

  • 400 °C (correct)
  • 300 °C
  • 200 °C
  • 500 °C

    • What is the purpose of Cotrell's process in the refining of petroleum?

  • To separate the crude oil into different fractions
  • To achieve demulsification of the crude oil (correct)
  • To remove sulphur compounds from the crude oil
  • To remove NaCl and MgCl2 from the crude oil

    • What is the byproduct formed when sulphur compounds react with copper oxide?

    <p>Copper sulphide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of electrical desalting and dehydration in the refining of petroleum?

    <p>To remove NaCl and MgCl2 from the crude oil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the shape of the fractionating column used in the fractional distillation process?

    <p>Cylindrical</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the fractionating tower?

    <p>To separate crude oil into various fractions based on their boiling points</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the vapours as they rise up the fractionating tower?

    <p>They undergo a fractional condensation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the approximate percentage of gasoline obtained from crude oil through fractionation?

    <p>20-30%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of cracking in the refining of crude oil?

    <p>To convert high-molecular-weight hydrocarbons into low-molecular-weight hydrocarbons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between thermal cracking and catalytic cracking?

    <p>Thermal cracking is carried out at high temperature and pressure, while catalytic cracking is carried out at low temperature and pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of gasoline obtained through cracking compared to straight run gasoline?

    <p>It is of superior quality</p> Signup and view all the answers

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